Ulrich Schiegg

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Ulrich Schiegg

Ulrich Schiegg (born as Joseph Schiekh ; born May 3, 1752 in Gosbach , † May 4, 1810 in Munich ) was a German Benedictine , mathematician , astronomer and surveyor . In 1784 he succeeded in launching the first hot air balloon in Germany.

Life

Memorial stone for Father Ulrich Schiegg west of Ottobeuren

Born as Joseph Schiekh into a poor farming family, he joined the Ottobeuren Benedictine Abbey in 1770 after graduating from high school . On September 29, 1771, he took the religious vows and took the first name Ulrich .

He was ordained a priest on September 23, 1775, and then took a position as a teacher at the monastery school. From 1784 he dealt with geodesy and cartography in the course of surveying the monastery property . At the same time he experimented with hot air balloons under the impression of the experiments of the Montgolfier brothers . On January 22nd, 1784 he succeeded in the first ( unmanned ) balloon launch in Germany. From 1791 to 1800 he taught mathematics, astronomy, physics and agriculture at the University of Salzburg . There he was dean of the Philosophical Faculty from 1794–1795, 1796–1797 and 1800–1801. At the same time, he was in charge of installing lightning rods in over 140 private buildings in the city of Salzburg. In 1800 he took part with his student Valentin Stanič in the expedition to the first ascent of the Grossglockner under the direction of Gurk Prince-Bishop Franz II. Xaver von Salm-Reifferscheidt-Krautheim . Although he was not among the first to climb, he was able to reach the summit with Stanič a day later. There he took height measurements. In his measurements of the Untersberg he combined barometric altitude measurements with trigonometric methods. In 1801 Schiegg returned to Ottobeuren Abbey.

After the dissolution of the monastery in 1802, he went to the Munich court as an astronomer and built a small observatory in the north-west tower of the former Jesuit college on Neuhauser Straße - the first observatory in Munich. In 1803 he was accepted as a full member of the Electoral Academy of Sciences , which was housed in the same building.

The royal topographical bureau assigned him important astronomical location determinations. However, the cooperation with their French geodesists was not always problem-free and when he justifiably drew attention to discrepancies in their measurements, he was removed from his office at the instigation of the French in March 1805. He turned down the professorship for astronomy and mathematics offered to him at the University of Würzburg , because he was looking for an assignment for further surveying work in Bavaria. Instead, he was surprisingly appointed head of land surveying in Franconia , which was partially incorporated into the Kingdom of Bavaria in the same year . His outstanding achievement was the measurement of the almost 13.8 km long Franconian base between Nuremberg-St. Johannis and Bruck (now in Erlangen) with the help of a measuring device made in the Reichenbach workshop.

In 1807 he suffered serious injuries in an accident with his horse-drawn carriage, from which he could not recover.

Until his death in 1810 he was a member of the royal tax assessment commission , which was founded in 1808 by Maximilian I Joseph .

The primary school and a street in Gosbach, a street in Augsburg and a film festival are named after Ulrich Schiegg.

Works

  • News about an aerostatic experiment which was carried out in the imperial monastery of Ottobeuren on the 22nd of Jenner 1784. Ottobeuren 1784 ( doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-15479 )
  • Positiones ex universa Philosophia, quas sub gratios, auspiciis Rss. perill. ac amplissimi DD. Honorati SR Imperii Praelati, liberi imperialis exempti et antiquissimi Monasterii Ottoburani Ord. S. Ben. Abbatis vigilantissimi propugnabunt: Multum Relig. Fratres Honorius Pfeffer, Alexander Ziegler, Felix Martin, Vitalis Hoefelmayr, Sylvanus Hanser ejusdem Ordinis ac Monasterii Professi necnon Vincentius Rotach et Coelestinus Herberger philosophiae Candidati Mensi Aug. 1785, Ottoburae 1785
  • Brief instructions for a thorough learning of arithmetic; dedicated to the student youth. Ottobeuren 1790; Instructions for saving wood in brewing pans, brandy ports and washing kettles. Ottobeuren 1791
  • About the friction and stiffness of ropes as an obstacle to movement in machines, along with theorems of applied mathematics, physics, practical philosophy, morals and natural law. Salzburg 1796
  • Physical, astronomical and geodetic measurements, in: Molls Jahrbuch für Berg- und Hüttenkunde 5 (1801), 404-432 and in: Franz Michael Vierthaler's literary newspaper 2nd Jg., Volume 3, Salzburg 1801, 369-396, 401-414
  • About the measurement of Bavaria. Excerpt from a letter from Professor Schiegg dated July 2, 1804
  • Latitude of Regensburg, derived from the observed vertex distances of the sun, in: (Franz X. Zachs) Monthly Correspondenz 11 (1805), 24–36; Astronomical news from Bavaria, in: (Franz X. Zachs) Monthly Correspondenz 12 (1805), 357–366
  • A map of the entire territory of the free and exempt Imperial Monastery of Ottobeuren as a supplement, in: Maurus Feyerabend, (Of the former Imperial Monastery of Ottenbeuren Benedictine Order in Swabia) Complete Yearbooks IV, Ottenbeuren 1816

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Belonged to the Electorate of Bavaria from 1642 to 1806
  2. ^ The deans of the Philosophical Faculty. In: ubs.sbg.ac.at. Retrieved January 20, 2015 .
  3. ^ Gerhard Ammerer , in: Heinz Dopsch : History of Salzburg: City and Country. 2, modern times and contemporary history. Pustet, 1991, ISBN 978-3-7025-0275-1 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  4. ↑ Academician
  5. ↑ USS: The School-School History. In: learnweb.de. Retrieved January 20, 2015 .
  6. ↑ 11th International Ulrich Schiegg Film Festival 2013 - The Ulrich Schiegg Film Prize in Gold. In: gosbacher-filmtage.de. November 10, 2012, accessed January 20, 2015 .
personal data
SURNAME Schiegg, Ulrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schiekh, Joseph (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Benedictine priest, aviation pioneer, mathematician, astronomer and surveyor
DATE OF BIRTH May 3, 1752
PLACE OF BIRTH Gosbach
DATE OF DEATH May 4, 1810
Place of death Munich