Vushtrria

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Vushtrri / Vushtrria 1
Vučitrn / Вучитрн 2
Vushtrria Coat of Arms
Vushtrria (Kosovo)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : KosovoKosovo Kosovo 3
District : Mitrovica
Municipality : Vushtrria
Coordinates : 42 ° 49 ′  N , 20 ° 58 ′  E Coordinates: 42 ° 49 ′ 20 ″  N , 20 ° 58 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 525  m above sea level A.
Residents : 26,964 (2011)
Telephone code : +383 (0) 28
Postal code : 42000
License plate : 02
1  Albanian (indefinite / definite form) ,
2  Serbian (Latin / Cyrillic spelling)
3  Kosovo's independence is controversial. Serbia continues to regard the country as a Serbian province.
City park in Vushtrria

Vushtrria ( Albanian  also  Vushtrri , Serbian Вучитрн Vučitrn ) is a city in northeastern Kosovo . It is located in the Mitrovica district , is the administrative seat of the municipality of Vushtrria and houses, among other things, the state police school of Kosovo .

geography

View of the city from the west

The city of Vushtrria is located in the Blackbird Field , around ten kilometers southeast of Mitrovica . The national road M-2 connects the two cities, it reaches Vushtrria on the northern outskirts and continues southeast towards the capital Pristina .

In the west the city is bordered by the Sitnica River . Neighboring villages are Dobërlluka (on the M-2) and Sllatina in the north, Gojbula in the north-east, Studime e Poshtme in the east and Sfaraçak i Poshtëm in the south-east . To the west, the city is bounded by the Sitnica River, a bridge leads to the two towns of Dalak and Bukosh on the other side of the river . The Çyçavica mountain, visible from Vushtrria, rises behind these places .

Another river that flows through the city is the Tërstena , it comes from the northeast from the mountains behind Gojbula.

history

Antiquity

At the end of the first century BC The region was conquered by the Romans . The name Vicianum ("room of the calves") is the Roman name of the city. Under Roman occupation, Vicianum developed a sizable economy and a thriving culture. After the fall of the Roman Empire, Vicianum became a Byzantine rule. After the great schism of the Church in 1054, the majority of the population in Vicianum remained Catholic.

middle Ages

When the state was founded by the Serbs , Vučitrn was for a long time in the border area between Byzantium and Serbia, only to be permanently part of Serbia from the end of the 12th century. According to tradition, the city got its name from the thorny pickaxe , Serbian vučji trn , "wolf sting ". After the disintegration of the empire Stefan Dušan ' has Vojislav Vojinović , long time the most powerful Serbian part prince, ruled Vučitrn there and have built the first fort. For the first time it became more important as a residence of Vuk Branković and his son Đurađ . In Vučitrn, the peace treaty between the Serbian despot Stefan Lazarević and the Republic of Venice was concluded in 1426 , which ended the so-called Second War of Scutari and regulated the ownership of what is now the coast of Montenegro and northern Albania . Only ruins remain of the Branković residence today, the Vojinovića kula ("Vojinović Bastion") and the old Vojinović Bridge , alb. Ura e Gurit .

In the late Middle Ages, Vučitrn was an important trading town.

Ottomans

In the fourteenth century the Ottoman Empire began to expand into south-eastern Europe. The city came under Ottoman control for the first time in 1439–1444, 50 years after the Battle of the Blackbird Field (1389) . The Ottoman Vıçıtırın was finally conquered in 1455. The establishment of the Ottoman administration encouraged the spread of Islam in the community and the construction of mosques, inns, madrasas and hammams (public baths). Between the 15th and 18th centuries, the place was one of the largest settlements in Southeastern Europe and the center of an important administrative unit of the Ottoman Empire.

In a travel report from December 1660, Evliya Çelebi describes the three larger cities in the Blackbird Field - Mitrovica , Vushtrria and Prishtina - in detail. According to this, Vushtrria already consisted of several districts with a total of 2,000 houses, all made of stone and in good condition. There were also several facilities such as schools and Tekken as well as a city wall. The majority of the residents had spoken Albanian and Turkish .

20th century

In the First Balkan War in 1912, Vushtrria came under Serbian control. During the First World War Vushtrria was occupied by Austria-Hungary , after the war it became part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia . During the Second World War the city belonged to the German occupation zone. In November 1944, the Yugoslav communist administration was established.

population

The 2011 census recorded 26,964 people in the city of Vushtrria. Of them, 26,518 (98.35%) are Albanians , 276 (1.02%) Turks , 103 Roma , Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians , 17 Bosniaks , four Serbs and three Gorans . Four people belong to other races and 39 have no answer regarding the race.

Population development
Census 1948 1953 1961 1971 1981 1991 2011
Residents 5813 6691 8025 12,334 20.204 30,651 26,964

Attractions

The old stone bridge

Stone bridge

The old stone or Vojinović bridge (Sr. Vojinovića most / Војиновића мост, Alb. Ura e Gurit , Ura e vjetër e Gurit ) in the northwest of the city is the oldest still existing stone bridge in Kosovo. Since the Sitnica River changed direction around 1855 and no water flows under the bridge, the bridge is no longer in use today. The bridge is 135 meters long and 6 meters wide. The first five arches of the bridge were built during the Byzantine Empire ; the remaining four arches were created later under Serbian rule.

Hammam of Ali Bey

The building is one of the oldest Ottoman bathhouses and has not been in use for over 25 years. Since the hammam has not been serviced for a long time , there are tiles missing on the roof, and the hammam is generally not in good condition.

St. Elias Church

St. Elias Church, built in 1834, was built on the remains of a Serbian Orthodox Church built between the 16th and 18th centuries. After vandalism by the Albanian population in 1999 during the Kosovo war , the church was completely damaged in March 2004 . The church has historical and picturesque values ​​and is of local religious and symbolic importance. The wall paintings inside the church were partially preserved.

Sports

Soccer

The best men's soccer club in town is KF Kosova Vushtrri, which was active in the Raiffeisen Superliga until the 2009/10 season , but only reached 11th place and thus relegated to the Liga e Parë . Since 2013-2014 they rose again in the strongest league in Kosovo and won the championship a year later. The newly established women's division will play in the women's super league in the 2010/11 season.

Handball

The best handball club in town is the KH Kosova Vushtrri, in the men's as well as the women's section.

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Vučitrn  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Vučitrn. In: mirjanadetelic.com. Retrieved June 21, 2017 (Serbian).
  2. ↑ Robert Elsie : Udhëtimi i Evlija Çelebiut Napier Kosovė në vitin 1660 . In: Albanica Ekskluzive, revistë mujore për dije e kulturë . 2007 (Albanian, elsie.de ).
  3. ↑ Regjistrimi i Popullsisë në Kosovë 2011. (PDF) Statistics Agency of Kosovo, pp. 54–55 , accessed on September 22, 2016 (Albanian).
  4. ↑ Kosovo censuses. In: pop-stat.mashke.org. Retrieved January 14, 2019 .
  5. ↑ The stone Bridge Vushtrri.pdf
  6. ↑ Protection and Preservation of Cultural Heritage in Kosovo.pdf