World War II Collection (Hanover)
The World War II collection in Hanover was a glorifying collection and permanent exhibition of the patriotic museum of the city (today's Hanover Historical Museum ) that adored the war and in particular the First World War and its alleged heroes . Of the holdings on display at Prinzenstrasse 4 in what is now the Mitte district , more than 300 exhibits have so far been safely assigned to the original collection.
history
so-called " Echfoto" postcard from Alfred Grohs , Gustav Liersch & Co. , December 1915
Postcard from Walter Georgi , sent in 1916
As early as December 1914, the board of the Association for the Promotion of Tourism recommended the “establishment of a gallery of campaign memories in Hanover” in order to “secure a monument of great contemporary and patriotic sentiments for our city in good time”. Supported by appeals and letters from the Hanover City Council , the Fatherland Museum began collecting activities in January 1915 . The project was accompanied by the Waterloo Century Exhibition and the two special war exhibitions in 1915 and 1916, which brought the museum a considerable increase in objects. Initially, the collection of the Vaterländisches Museum, which was a member of the Association of World War I Collectors and a founding member of the Association of German War Collections , consisted primarily of around 900 different emergency money notes. However, the collection concept of the Vaterländisches Museum, which was designed by the folklorist Wilhelm Peßler , placed "a focus on the broad documentation of the everyday history of the First World War."
As early as 1916, the Vaterländisches Museum set up an “Emmich Department” with loans from the estate of General Otto von Emmich . With a number of exhibits, the museum was also able to take part in the touring exhibition (German) "War Exhibition " of the German Red Cross , shown in 1916 and 1917 in the Stadthalle Hanover .
In the summer of 1918, the head of the municipal war collection, Georg Biermann , published his memorandum on the design of the Vaterländisches Museum , in which he attached importance to the urban World War II collection that went beyond its purely local character, including the "basis for a German world culture" saw. With this in mind, in July 1918 the daily press issued a renewed call for the collection of war memories, through which around 5000 "numbers" in memory of the "great times" and the totality of the war could be documented by the World War II collection by the end of the war .
At the time of the Weimar Republic , the collection of exhibits hardly aroused any interest among the citizens. Instead, the employees of the Fatherland Museum went back to the traditions of the old royal Hanoverian armies. The World War II collection was therefore supplemented at a later date, for example "with the 69 flags and standards of the regiments of the X Army Corps transferred in 1928 " of the German Empire .
Only after the seizure of power by the Nazis in 1933 the stocks were the Patriotic Museum reactivated for then in Leineschloss built Army memorial in the Leineschloss .
Most of the collection was lost due to the air raids on Hanover in World War II .
Stocks
The World War II collection was mainly supplemented by the collection from the Army Memorial, which opened in 1935 in the Leineschloss . Even after 1945, random accesses could be acquired.
The objects "were special editions of Hanoverian newspapers, maps, propaganda of war opponents such as pilots bombing," by unscrupulous traitors wrote diatribes that poisoned the spirit of the soldiers and the ignominious days of November of 1918 with conjured "souvenirs from German prison camps , also Belgian , Serbian , English and French uniforms , English weapons and equipment, steel helmets , hand grenades , grenade launchers , uniforms of General von Emmich and other uniforms of the X Army Corps, paintings, drawings and photos and drawings of prisoners ”.
The accesses that have been received and those that were initially acquired in the Federal Republic of Germany can be accessed via the inventory database of the Historisches Museum Hannover (today still without external access, as of 07/2014). In addition, there are files in the Hannover City Archives under the archive number HR XC 4 No. 27 .
See also
Literature (selection)
- NN : Collection of war memories and documents in the city of Hanover. In: Hannoversches Tageblatt of February 11, 1915, second supplement, p. 9.
- KA: The emergency money exhibition. In: Hannoverscher Kurier . Vol. 62, 1915, No. 32089 of November 2, 1915, morning edition.
- The World War Museum in Hanover. In: Hannoverscher Kurier. Vol. 62, 1915, No. 32128 of November 23, 1915, evening edition.
- The Emmich department in the Vaterländisches Museum : In: Hannoverscher Kurier. Vol. 63, 1916, from August 16, 1916.
- Wilhelm Peßler : The historical museum and the world war. In: Museum Studies. Vol. 12, 1916, pp. 94f.
- Albert Gideon Brinckmann : The World War I Collection of the Fatherland Museum of the City of Hanover. In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter . 1916, pp. 406-411.
- NN: German War Exhibition Hanover 1916/17 , also contains: German War Exhibition 1916 , organized by the Deputy General Command of the X Army Corps Hanover with the support of the Central Committee of the German Red Cross Associations, the Army Administrations of the German Reich and its allies and the Reich Naval Office. Klasing, Berlin D., 1917]; Digital copy from the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen , also downloadable as a PDF document (26–80 MB).
- Albert Buddecke : The War Collections. Proof of their establishment and their existence. Stalling, Oldenburg i. Size 1917, p. 28; downloadable as a PDF document (in Gothic script ).
- Georg Biermann: Memorandum on the design of the Fatherland Museum. Hanover 1918.
- Georg Biermann: The War Museum in Hanover. In: Newsletter of the Association of World War I Collectors. Vol. 1, 1918, issue 10, no p.
- NN: The army memorial in the Leineschloß in Hanover. [Hanover 1936] (museum guide).
- Werner Hahlweg: Army Museums III. 1 e. In: Hermann Franke: (Ed.): Handbook of the modern military sciences. Vol. 2: The Army. Berlin et al. 1937, p. 274.
- Gerhard Schneider: The army memorial in the Leineschloss in Hanover. At the same time a contribution to the militaria collections in the museums of Hanover. In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter . Neue Episode, Vol. 41, 1987, pp. 139-191, especially pp. 147-164.
- Hugo Thielen : World War II collection. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 669.
- Andreas Fahl: Hindenburg, hero worship and everyday war life. The World War II collection in Hanover from 1914 to the present day. In: Julia Freifrau Hiller von Gaertringen (ed.): War collections 1914–1918. Frankfurt am Main 2014, pp. 243–262.
Web links
- Julia Freifrau Hiller von Gaertringen, Aibe-Marlene Gerdes (Red.): Data set 109 with historical and current information under the title War Collections in Germany 1914-1918 of the Badische Landesbibliothek on their website kriegssammlungen.de , ed. from the working group of regional libraries in the German Library Association
- (. Resp) Michael Andreas dancers Hannoversche by the working group Military History on Facebook has there a photo of issued on October 11, 2013 grenade launcher from 1916 in the linen castle HAZ - Hauschild - archive of the Historical Museum Hannover (currently closed) posted; last accessed on June 8, 2020.