Wieringen
 flag |
 coat of arms |
| province |
 North Holland
|
| local community |
 Hollands Kroon
|
|
Area - land - water |
27.27 km 2 26.9 km 2 0.37 km 2 |
| Residents | 8,495 (Jan 1, 2017) |
| Coordinates | 52 ° 55 ' N , 5 ° 0' E |
| Important traffic route |
  
|
| prefix | 0227 |
| Postcodes | 1777-1779 |
 |
|
Wieringen ( ) is a former municipality in the Netherlands , province of North Holland , the area of which was about 213 km². In January 2017, the town of the same name had around 8,495 inhabitants.
The municipality of Wieringen merged on January 1, 2012 with the municipalities of Anna Paulowna, Niedorp and Wieringermeer to form Hollands Kroon .
places
The community consisted of a former island called Wieringen. The following places were on it (the population of the town centers in brackets):
- Hippolytushoef (4890 inhabitants); Seat of the municipal administration
- Den Oever (2180), at the southwestern beginning of the closing dike
- Westerland (750)
- Oosterland (230)
- De Haukes (140)
- Stroe (140)
- Oosterklief and Westerklief (140)
Location and economy
Wieringen is located in the extreme northeast of the province and is surrounded by the Wieringermeer polder in the south and the Wadden Sea in the north. In the landscape, which is very different from the neighboring polderland, and in the villages, the former island character is still clearly noticeable. There are plans to separate Wieringen from the "mainland" again by a Randsee (Wieringerrandmeer). About the island the highway N99 runs from Den Helder , the Den Oever in the A7 motorway ( Amsterdam - Hoorn - Afsluitdijk - Leeuwarden followed). The nearest train station is in Den Helder or Anna Paulowna .
Around 12 kilometers of the 32 km long dike belong to Wieringen, and the rest to Wûnseradiel in the province of Friesland .
The population lives mainly from agriculture. There is also fishing and small businesses. Tourism is also growing in importance.
history
The area of the later island of Wieringen was created after the last ice ages . There are many erratic boulders in Wieringen that were often used as boundary stones by later residents; These boulders proved unsuitable as building material. Frisians who had isolated contacts with the Roman Empire lived here from around the beginning of our era to around 350 . But then the boggy area was flooded too often by the sea to remain habitable.
Around 800 people settled here again. As can be seen from the discovery of three silver treasures (1996-2001), there were also Vikings . An old field name "Hoelm" (Holm, = island?) Could go back to the Scandinavians. At that time Wieringen was only separated from the then larger island of Texel by a narrow brook, the Marsdiep (= marsh low, moor brook ) . The area was included in Friesland in the early Middle Ages . Between 1000 and 1250 there were significant land losses due to floods, and the All Saints Flood in 1170 separated the island from the mainland.
Count Floris V of Holland subjugated the island shortly before his death in 1284. For political reasons, acquired the island, although its inhabitants lived in small villages, 1432 as a whole, the city charter . At that time, however, their economic importance had already decreased significantly.
For centuries, Wieringen remained a remote, insignificant island with fishermen and farmers. The population thereby retained its own national character.
Wieringen became internationally known when the former German Crown Prince Wilhelm , the eldest son of the abdicated German Emperor Wilhelm II , spent five years on the island during his Dutch exile from November 22, 1918 until his return to Germany on November 15, 1923 his father stayed in Doorn . He lived in the rectory of Michaeliskirche in the village of Oosterland.
When the Zuiderzee Works were carried out, the isolation ended abruptly. First a dike was built on the western edge to the mainland (date of completion: July 31, 1924); then followed the poldering of the Wieringermeer , through which Wieringen lost its island status, and the connection to the province of Friesland through the dike (Dutch: Afsluitdijk). This dike begins at the village of Den Oever in the east of the island.
Attractions
- The final dike begins in the east of the island
- On the western edge there is a lake (Amstelmeer), it serves as a local recreation area and has many water sports facilities; The Dutch Navy, based in Den Helder, also has a water sports club there
- There is the Jan Lont museum farm, a well-preserved farm based on local tradition
- One of the silver treasures is exhibited in Den Oever in the village museum; the other two can be seen in Leiden in the “ Rijksmuseum van Oudheden ” there
- The Michaeliskirche in Oosterland dates from the 12th century
- The village church of Hippolytushoef, which was consecrated to the church father Hippolyt of Rome , has a tower from the 15th century ; the church has been beautifully restored after being destroyed by a hurricane in 1674.
politics
Distribution of seats in the municipal council
| Political party | Seats | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 | |
| VVD | 4th | 3 | 3 | 5 |
| Wieringen 05 | - | - | 3 | 4th |
| PvdA | 3 | 3 | 4th | 3 |
| CDA | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Onafhankelijk Wieringen 1991 | 4th | 5 | 2 | - |
| total | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
Web links
- Latest news from Wieringen (Dutch)
- Website about the presence of the Vikings in the Netherlands (Dutch)
- Tourist office of the region (Dutch, German, English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2017 Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek , accessed on May 13, 2018 (Dutch)
- ↑ Kurt Koszyk : Gustav Stresemann: The democrat loyal to the emperor. A biography. Kiepenheuer & Witsch , Cologne 1989, p. 266
- ^ Jörg Kirschstein: Imperial children. The Wilhelm II family in photographs. Matrix-Media-Verlag, Göttingen 2011, p. 27; 50.
- ↑ Allocation of seats in the municipal council: 1998 2002 2006 2010 , accessed on May 13, 2018 (Dutch)