Vogelsberg wind energy park

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Vogelsberg wind energy park
View of the wind farm from the direction of Hartmannshain (west)
View of the wind farm from the direction of Hartmannshain (west)
location
Vogelsberg wind energy park (Hesse)
Vogelsberg wind energy park
Coordinates 50 ° 27 '52 "  N , 9 ° 17' 21"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 27 '52 "  N , 9 ° 17' 21"  E
country Federal Republic of Germany
Data
Type Onshore wind farm
Primary energy Wind energy
power 13.5 MW (electrical)
owner Wind energy park Vogelsberg GmbH
operator ovag Energie AG
Start of operations 1990
turbine 3 × Enercon E-82
4 × GE Wind Energy 1.5sl
1 × Tacke TW 1.5i
was standing March 2014
f2

The Vogelsberg wind energy park ( WEPV for short , often also called Hartmannshain wind park ) is a wind park in the Grebenhain municipality in Hesse . It is located on the White Stone east of the Hartmannshain district .

The WEPV was set up in 1990 as the first German wind farm in a low mountain range and for years served as a test site and test field for the comparative operation of wind power plants from different manufacturers. At the same time, the WEPV was also the first wind farm in Hesse and was also the first wind farm in this state to be repowered in 2004 .

technology

The Vogelsberg wind energy park consists of eight wind turbines. Three Enercon E-82s (hub height 108 m, rotor diameter 82 m, output 2  MW each ) and four GE Wind Energy 1.5sl (hub height 80 m, rotor diameter 77 m, output 1.5 MW each) are used. A Tacke TW 1.5i (hub height 67 m, rotor diameter 65 m, power 1.5 MW) was taken over from the previous test site. The WEPV has a total nominal output of 13.5 MW. The electricity generated is fed into the network of ovag Netz AG via two transfer stations, directly at the wind farm and in Bermuthshain, 2 km away .

Original condition

In its original concept as a test wind farm and test field, the WEPV was supposed to test various technical concepts (e.g. windward and leeward runners , two- and three-bladed rotors, synchronous and asynchronous generators , stall and pitch control , spur and planetary gears ) of wind power plants under the same conditions in the low mountain range. Stands for up to thirteen turbines were planned, three of which were part of a test field integrated into the wind farm.

In the end, one of each of the following systems was built (hub height, rotor diameter and nominal power in brackets): Krogmann 15/50 (hub 30 m, rotor 15 m, 50 kW), Enercon E-17 (hub 30 m, rotor 17.2 m , 80 kW), Hüllmann FHW 100 (hub 24 m, rotor 20 m, 100 kW), AN Bonus 150/30 (hub 30 m, rotor 23 m, 150 kW), MAN Aeroman 14.8 / 33 (hub 22 m, rotor 14.8 m, 33 kW), Tacke TW 250 (hub 30 m, rotor 24 m, 250 kW), HSW 30 (hub 22 m, rotor 12.5 m, 30 kW), HSW 250 (hub 28.5 m , Rotor 25 m, 250 kW). A copy of the single-wing MBB Monopteros M30 (rotor 33 m, 200 kW) was originally planned . Due to the interim production of this type, a further (modified) HSW 250 (with an enlarged rotor of 28.5 m diameter) was built. In total, up to nine of the thirteen possible stands in the WEPV were actually occupied.

Aeroman 14.8 / 33 and HSW 30 were two-winged and - like the three-winged FHW 100 - leeward runners. All other turbines, as windward runners with active wind tracking and three rotor blades, already corresponded to the design generally accepted today.

history

The promotion of renewable energies in Hessen began in July 1985 with the law on economical, rational, socially and energy-compatible use of energy passed under the red-green state government ( Cabinet Börner III ) . It remained in force even after the change of government following the state elections in 1987 . As early as 1988, the now CDU / FDP state government ( Wallmann cabinet ) formulated a state funding program for research, development and demonstration projects in the energy sector. In addition to photovoltaics , the main focus of this program was on a wind energy park , which was to serve as a pilot project for the first-time trial operation of wind turbines from various manufacturers in a German low mountain range. The cost of this project was estimated at around 6 million DM.

Planned and built the wind farm by the State of Hesse and was OVAG in 1989 together the wind energy park Vogelsberg GmbH founded as the operating company. The planning was supported by the Institute for Solar Energy Supply Technology (ISET, today Fraunhofer IWES ) in Kassel, founded in early 1988 . After wind measurements by ISET at five different locations in Vogelsberg , the site near Hartmannshain was finally selected as the location. The Federal Ministry of Research and Technology funded the wind farm as part of the 100 MW wind program launched in 1989, which was increased to the 250 MW wind program in 1991.

Between October 1990 and June 1991 eight wind turbines with a nominal output of 30 to 250 kW each were built. Manufacturers were the companies Krogmann, Enercon , Hüllmann, Bonus Energy (German sales by AN Windenergie), Tacke Windtechnik and Husumer Schiffswerft (HSW). The WEPV thus also reflected the wind energy industry of that time, which in its early years was characterized by rather small and medium-sized companies. Of the manufacturers mentioned, only the company Enercon still exists today as one of the most important worldwide and as the German market leader. On the other hand, after the takeover by Siemens, AN and Bonus form their Siemens Wind Energy division , while Tacke Windtechnik was merged into the US company Enron Wind Systems (later GE Wind Energy ). The wind energy division of the Husum shipyard was taken over by the company Jacobs Energie (today part of Senvion ) after its bankruptcy . All other companies have stopped building wind turbines or have disappeared from the market.

Wind turbines in the WEPV in May 1991

The systems in the WEPV deliberately represented a cross-section of the technical concepts and nominal outputs of that time in the early days of the expansion of wind energy generation. The WEPV also included a test field from ISET and Fraunhofer LBF with another wind turbine from MAN Technologie, modified for technological experiments, as well as a measuring container and a 50 m high wind measuring mast . This enabled a systematic measurement of the meteorological conditions, especially the wind conditions, at the site over many years at five points at different heights. The ISET wind power plant was used, among other things, for attempts to detect errors at an early stage, such as in the case of asymmetries and unbalance of the rotor.

From the beginning, the WEPV was also intended as a demonstration object for the public and for investors. In the company building there was therefore a lecture room with information boards. The roof of this building was also used to test the installation of photovoltaic systems from OVAG. Since 2007, two solar-tracking PV systems with mounting on stands have been installed here.

In 1993 , the first commercially operated wind farm in Hesse was finally built near Windhausen , also located in Vogelsberg. This location was already part of the planning for the WEPV. From 1994 there was an increased expansion of the use of wind energy in Hesse, initially mainly in the Vogelsberg district and in the Waldeck-Frankenberg district . Almost two fifths of all 750 wind turbines built in Hesse by the end of 2013 are still in the Vogelsberg district. The first commercial wind farm in a German low mountain range ever was, moreover, the taken in July 1992 in operating wind field Hirtstein in statute in the Saxon Erzgebirge .

The total nominal output of the WEPV in the beginning was about 1.2 MW. In 1994 and 1996, however, the Hüllmann and Krogmann systems had to be shut down and dismantled due to technical defects. After a three-year delay, due to the manufacturer's insolvency in the meantime, a 1.5 MW system from Tacke was built in 1999, which, as an expression of technical advancement, outperformed all existing old systems. The original aim of this system was to test whether - contrary to initial assumptions - larger wind turbines could also be operated economically in the low mountain range.

In 2001 the state of Hesse transferred its shares in Windenergiepark Vogelsberg GmbH to OVAG. In 2003 HessenEnergie GmbH took over Windenergiepark Vogelsberg GmbH as a subsidiary of OVAG. The background to this was the planned modernization of the wind farm, after extensive experience had been gained in the use of wind turbines inland in more than ten years of continuous operation. On the part of Hessen energy was considered for this holding company , the Hesse wind VI GmbH & Co. KG founded to which the site was leased long term. After the dissolution of Hesse wind VI on 18 December 2013, took OVAG Energie AG as the sole limited partner of the operated so far by these wind farms, which includes not only the wind energy park Vogelsberg two of the wind farms in Ulrichstein one each as well as the territory of the municipalities Kirtorf , Hirzenhain and Diemelsee include .

Wind turbines in the WEPV in July 2012

With the exception of the 1.5 MW system from Tacke (today GE Wind Energy), all existing systems were dismantled in September 2004. As part of repowering, which was carried out for the first time in Hessen, four wind turbines from the manufacturer GE Wind Energy were then installed, also with an output of 1.5 MW each. In the summer of 2010, three systems from the manufacturer Enercon followed, each with an output of 2 MW. With a total height of 149 m in the upper rotor circuit, these are currently the tallest structures in the area of ​​the municipality of Grebenhain. At the time of completion, they were also the second tallest structures in the Vogelsberg district after the only slightly higher Vestas wind turbines in the Fleschenbach-Neustall wind farm built in 2008–2009 .

The WEPV has been operated as a normal commercial wind farm since repowering.

See also

literature

  • Windenergiepark Vogelsberg GmbH (ed.): Windenergiepark Vogelsberg. Electricity from wind power , Friedberg o. J. (approx. 1991)
  • Institute for Solar Energy Supply Technology ISET eV, Windenergiepark Vogelsberg GmbH (Ed.): 10 years of the Vogelsberg wind energy park. Interim balance sheet on the pilot and demonstration project of the State of Hesse and the Oberhessische Versorgungsbetriebe Aktiengesellschaft (OVAG) , Kassel 2000 ( online , PDF, 419 kB)

Web links

Commons : Vogelsberg wind energy park  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Jan Oelker: Wind faces. The start of wind energy in Germany. Dresden 2005; P. 368.
  2. ^ Windenergiepark Vogelsberg GmbH ( Memento from September 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ). Retrieved March 30, 2014
  3. ^ André Suck: Renewable energies and competition in the electricity industry. Wiesbaden 2008; P. 110.
  4. ^ André Suck: Renewable energies and competition in the electricity industry. Wiesbaden 2008; P. 111.
  5. Fraunhofer IWES: Operational management of the test field in the Vogelsberg wind farm ( memento from October 20, 2007 in the web archive archive.today ). Retrieved February 10, 2013
  6. Fraunhofer IWES: Vogelsberg wind turbine test field ( memento from October 20, 2007 in the web archive archive.today ). Retrieved February 10, 2013
  7. Fraunhofer IWES: Field testing of wind farm monitoring and early error detection systems . Retrieved March 30, 2014
  8. ^ Betzenrod wind power: Windhausen wind farm . Retrieved March 30, 2014
  9. ^ Office for Building and Environment Vogelsbergkreis: Wind turbines in the Vogelsbergkreis ( Memento from March 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive ). Retrieved March 30, 2014
  10. Federal Renewable Portal . Retrieved March 30, 2014
  11. References BOREAS Energie GmbH . Retrieved March 30, 2014
  12. ^ Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of December 14, 2007 . Retrieved March 30, 2014
  13. Reference list Windkraft HessenEnergie . Retrieved March 30, 2014