Sumbark
| Sumbark | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Moravskoslezský kraj | ||||
| District : | Karviná | ||||
| Municipality : | Havířov | ||||
| Area : | 379.8 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 48 ' N , 18 ° 25' E | ||||
| Residents : | 19,779 (2011) | ||||
| License plate : | T | ||||
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| Next international airport : | Ostrava Airport | ||||
Šumbark ( German Schumbarg , Schumberg , Schomberg, Polish Szumbark , Szomberk , Szombark , Szumberk ) is a north-western district of Havířov in the Czech Republic .
history
The village of Schomberg in the Duchy of Teschen was first mentioned in a document in 1430. The German topographical name is derived from Schönberg . The first adaptation into the Czech official language appeared in 1447 as z Ssumbergka , but followed by the changes oe ≥ o, n + b ≥ m + b, er ≥ ar (1450: z Ssumberka , 1568: na Ssumberku , 1592: na Ssomberku , 1598: na Szombarcze , 1652: Szonbarg , 1686: Ssumbark ) rather the Polish adaptation of the names with the suffix -berg (compare e.g. Szymbark (Gorlice) , Szlembark , Tymbark ) than the Czech -berg ≥ -berk ≥ -perk (e.g. Šumperk , Vimperk ). In the local Polish-Silesian dialect , the name szómbark was pronounced.
The owners, who signed up for Szumberka (von Schumbarg), built a fortification in the 15th century, which was converted into a Renaissance chateau in the early 17th century.
The first mention of a Roman Catholic church, which became Lutheran during the Reformation, dates back to 1527 . After the death of Duchess Elisabeth Lukretias in 1653, the Teschen branch of the Silesian Piast family died out and the duchy fell as a settled fiefdom to the Crown of Bohemia, which had owned the House of Habsburg since 1526 . The Habsburgs initiated the re-Catholicization of the subjects. In 1654 a Habsburg special commission returned 49 churches and one chapel to the Catholics, including one in Schumbarg on March 25th.
In the description of Teschener Silesia by Reginald Kneifl in 1804, Schumbag, also Schombarg, Pohlnisch Szombarch was a village on the Luczina of Mr. Karl von Rußezky in the Teschner district . The village had 62 houses with 470 inhabitants in Silesian-Polish dialect, which had a St. Catherine branch church of the parish in Nieder Bludowitz. Also on the ethnographic map of the Austrian monarchy by Karl von Czoernig-Czernhausen from 1855, Schumbarg was on the Polish side of the linguistic border along the Luczina. In 1835 the goods were acquired by Schumbarg Josef Ludwig Neisser from Neutitschein , who in 1839 opened a Turkish red dyeing factory known in Europe .
After the abolition of patrimonial it became a municipality in Austrian Silesia , in the Teschen district . After the spin-off of the district Freistadt in 1868 it was with low Dattin and low Bludowitz a northwestern Lutheran Peninsula of Court District Cieszyn (from 1901 the district Cieszyn, after the spin-off of the district Frýdek ). According to the census of 1880, the majority of residents (697 out of 737, or 94.6%) gave Czech colloquial language, the Polish language only 17 or 2.3%, the German 23 or 3.1%. According to the following census in the years 1890 to 1910, on the other hand, it was predominantly Polish-speaking (98.9% in 1890, 93.7 in 1910), as the north-westernmost Polish-speaking municipality in the district. In 1910 there were 1380 inhabitants, of whom 64 (4.9%) were Czech speakers, 19 (1.4%) German speakers, 695 (50.3%) Protestants, 661 (47.9%) Roman Catholics, 22 ( 1.6%) Jews. From 1907 the municipality belonged to the constituency of Silesia 13 . In the first general, equal, secret and direct Reichsrat election in 1907 and the Reichsrat election in 1911 , Ryszard Kunicki from the Polish Social Democratic Party of Galicia and Teschen Silesia won four times .
In 1911 a train station was opened on the railway line from Ostrau to Teschen, which led to industrialization in the 1920s.
After the collapse of Austria-Hungary at the end of 1918, the area of Teschen was controversial. On November 5, 1918, the Polish National Council of the Duchy of Teschen (Rada Narodowa Kięstwa Cieszyńskiego, RNKC) and the Czech Territorial Committee (Zemský národní výbor, ZNV) agreed that Schumbarg should fall to Poland as Szumbark. However, the Czechoslovak government did not recognize this. After the Polish-Czechoslovak border war , a referendum that was not carried out and the decision of the Council of Ambassadors of the victorious powers on July 28, 1920, the place became part of Czechoslovakia and the Český Těšín district. In 1938, Šumbark was annexed by Poland as part of the Olsa region and the new Polish border town came to the German Reich the following year after the invasion of Poland . Until 1945 it belonged to the district of Teschen and came back to Czechoslovakia after the end of the war.
In 1947 the construction of the social realistic workers' town for the Ostrau-Karwiner coal and industrial area began. On December 18, 1955, 53 hectares of land were spun off from Šumbark for the new town of Havířov. The rest of Šumbark was incorporated in 1960. The station was rebuilt. In the years 1986–1990 a large prefabricated housing estate was built. From the time before the communist expansion were u. a. Anna Church from the years 1841-1845 and parts of the castle are retained.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Robert Mrózek: nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego . Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach , 1984, ISSN 0208-6336 , p. 171-172 (Polish).
- ^ Jan Broda: Z historii Kościoła ewangelickiego na Śląsku Cieszyńskim . Dom Wydawniczy i Księgarski "Didache", Katowice 1992, ISBN 83-8557200-7 , Materiały do dziejów Kościoła ewangelickiego w Księstwie Cieszyńskim i Państwie Pszczyńskim w XVI i XVII wieku, p. 259-260 (Polish).
- ^ Reginald Kneifl: Topography of the Kaiser. royal Antheils von Schlesien , 2nd part, 1st volume: Condition and constitution, in particular of the Duchy of Teschen, Principality of Bielitz and the free minor class lords Friedeck, Freystadt, German people, Roy, Reichenwaldau and Oderberg . Joseph Georg Traßler, Brünn 1804, pp. 312–312 ( e-copy )
- ↑ Ethnographic map of the Austrian monarchy by Carl Freiherr von Czörnig (1855)
- ↑ Kazimierz Piątkowski: Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem . Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego, Cieszyn 1918, p. 283 (Polish, online ).
- ↑ Wyniki wyborów Archived from the original on February 5, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Gwiazdka Cieszyńska . No. 39, 1907, pp. 196-197. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
- ↑ Wyniki wyborów Archived from the original on February 5, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Gwiazdka Cieszyńska . No. 42, 1907, p. 210. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
- ^ Wyniki wyborów . In: Ślązak . No. 25 (113), 1911, p. 205. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
