Dolní Datyně

Dolní Datyně
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Moravskoslezský kraj
District :	Karviná
Municipality :	Havířov
Area :	217 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 46 ' N , 18 ° 25' E Coordinates: 49 ° 45 '36 " N , 18 ° 24' 56" E
Residents :	474 (2011)
License plate :	T
traffic
Next international airport :	Ostrava Airport

Dolní Datyně ( German Nieder Dattin , Polish Datynie Dolne ) is a western district of Havířov in the Czech Republic .

history

The village Datynia or Datyń in the Duchy of Teschen was first mentioned in 1577 as z Datynie . It was about today's Dolní Datyně (Lower Dattin), while the first mentions of today's Horní Datyně , a district of Vratimov two kilometers to the west, behind the forest and hill (303 m) Babčok and Václavovice , from the second half of the 17th century . Century. The distinction by name with the additions Nider Datina and Ober Datina appeared in 1724. The originally singular possessive name Datynia (feminine) or Datyń (masculine) was derived from the personal name Dat or Data (compare old Polish names Miłodat and Dat (e) k ) with the suffix -yń / -ynia. The plural form Datyně / Datynie initially referred to both villages in the 17th century, but then established itself for individual places after they were differentiated with the adjectives Nieder and Ober . In the local Polish-Silesian dialect , the place name was pronounced datynie dólni / dólne .

In the description of Teschener Silesia by Reginald Kneifl in 1804, Dattin (Nieder) was a village of the goods Mittel- Schönhof (mostly) and Nieder-Bludowitz in the Teschner district . The village had a total of 69 houses with 355 inhabitants in Silesian-Polish dialect, which were parish in the Polish-speaking parish in Nieder Bludowitz. On the ethnographic map of the Austrian monarchy by Karl von Czoernig-Czernhausen from 1855, the Luczina river was locally designated as the linguistic border, and the entire left bank (including Nider Dattin) was on the Moravian-Lachian side of the border, opposite the water pole . After the abolition of patrimonial it became part of the municipality of Nieder Bludowitz in Austrian Silesia , in the Teschen district , and became independent from 1864. After the district of Freistadt was spun off in 1868, it remained the westernmost municipality in the judicial district of Teschen, as well as the westernmost predominantly Lutheran village in all of Teschen Silesia. In 1879 the new brick building for the Polish elementary school was built, but according to the 1880 census, the majority of the residents (373 out of 462, or 80.7%) indicated the Czech language as the colloquial language, and the Polish language only 89 or 19.3% . According to the following census in the years 1890 to 1910, however, it was predominantly Polish-speaking (from 93.3% in 1890 and 1900 to 96.9% in 1910) as the westernmost Polish-speaking municipality in the district. In 1910 there were 586 inhabitants, of whom 18 (3.1%) were Czech-speaking, 84 (14.3%) Roman Catholics and 502 (85.7%) Protestants, the proportions were the opposite of those in Ober Dattin in the district Friedek , who was spun off from the Teschen district in 1901 in connection with the national conflict between Poles and Czechs that flared up at the time. In 1896 a Lutheran wooden chapel was donated by Józef Prymus and Jan Kołorz. Two Polish politicians came from Nieder Dattin, Franciszek Czyż and Józef Kiedroń (1879–1932), who was born in Nieder Bludowitz and attended the local elementary school as a child and was Minister of Industry and Trade of the Second Polish Republic from 1923 to 1925 . and the Polish linguist Jan Bystroń (1860–1902), who specialized in the Teschen dialects, the father of the ethnographer and sociologist of the Polish Academy of Sciences Jan Stanisław Bystroń (1892–1964). From 1907 the municipality belonged to the constituency of Silesia 13 . In the first general, equal, secret and direct Reichsrat election in 1907 and in the Reichsrat election in 1911 , Ryszard Kunicki from the Polish Social Democratic Party of Galicia and Cieszyn Silesia won four times .

After the collapse of Austria-Hungary at the end of 1918, the area of Teschen was controversial. On November 5, 1918, the Polish National Council of the Duchy of Teschen (Rada Narodowa Kięstwa Cieszyńskiego, RNKC) and the Czech Territorial Committee (Zemský národní výbor, ZNV) agreed that Nieder Dattin should fall to Poland as Datynie Dolne. However, the Czechoslovak government did not recognize this. After the Polish-Czechoslovak border war , a referendum that was not carried out and the decision of the Council of Ambassadors of the victorious powers on July 28, 1920, the place became part of Czechoslovakia and the Český Těšín district. In 1920 a Czech elementary school was opened. In 1938, Dolní Datyně was annexed by Poland as part of the Olsa region and the new Polish border town came to the German Reich the following year after the invasion of Poland . Until 1945 it belonged to the district of Teschen and came back to Czechoslovakia after the end of the war. After the Second World War, the Polish primary school was closed and the building is used by the Czech primary school. The village was incorporated into Havířov as the fifth district in 1974, but the village remained little urbanized.

Town center
Lutheran wooden chapel from 1896
primary school
Bilingual plaque of the victims of the Nazi concentration camp
Bilingual memorial obelisk of gratitude for the Soviet soldiers from 1975

Web links

Commons : Dolní Datyně - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Robert Mrózek: nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego . Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach , 1984, ISSN 0208-6336 , p. 57 (Polish).

^ Reginald Kneifl: Topography of the Kaiser. royal Antheils von Schlesien , 2nd part, 1st volume: Condition and constitution, in particular of the Duchy of Teschen, Principality of Bielitz and the free minor class lords Friedeck, Freystadt, German people, Roy, Reichenwaldau and Oderberg . Joseph Georg Traßler, Brünn 1804, pp. 169–170 ( e-copy )

↑ Ethnographic map of the Austrian monarchy by Carl Freiherr von Czörnig (1855)

↑ Kazimierz Piątkowski: Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem . Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego, Cieszyn 1918, p. 283 (Polish, online ).

↑ Wyniki wyborów Archived from the original on February 5, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Gwiazdka Cieszyńska . No. 39, 1907, pp. 196-197. Retrieved February 5, 2017. @1@ 2

↑ Wyniki wyborów Archived from the original on February 5, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Gwiazdka Cieszyńska . No. 42, 1907, p. 210. Retrieved February 5, 2017. @1@ 2

^ Wyniki wyborów . In: Ślązak . No. 25 (113), 1911, p. 205. Retrieved February 5, 2017.

[mrozek-1] Robert Mrózek: nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego . Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach , 1984, ISSN 0208-6336 , p. 57 (Polish).

[2] Reginald Kneifl: Topography of the Kaiser. royal Antheils von Schlesien , 2nd part, 1st volume: Condition and constitution, in particular of the Duchy of Teschen, Principality of Bielitz and the free minor class lords Friedeck, Freystadt, German people, Roy, Reichenwaldau and Oderberg . Joseph Georg Traßler, Brünn 1804, pp. 169–170 ( e-copy )

[3] Ethnographic map of the Austrian monarchy by Carl Freiherr von Czörnig (1855)

[piatkowski-4] Kazimierz Piątkowski: Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem . Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego, Cieszyn 1918, p. 283 (Polish, online ).