Šumná (Litvínov)
| Šumná | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Ústecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Must | ||||
| Municipality : | Litvínov | ||||
| Area : | 246.4206 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 36 ' N , 13 ° 36' E | ||||
| Height: | 392 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 214 (2011) | ||||
| Postal code : | 436 01 | ||||
| License plate : | U | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Horní Litvínov - Šumná | ||||
Šumná , until 1947 Raušengrund ( German Rauschengrund ) is a district of Litvínov in the Czech Republic .
geography
location
Šumná is located one and a half kilometers northwest of Horní Litvínov on the southern slope of the Ore Mountains . The location is surrounded by forests in the valley of the Bílý potok brook ( Weißbach , formerly the Gold River ). To the north rise the Černý vrch ( Black Mountain , 889 m), the Kühberg (865 m), the Studenec ( Höllberg , 878 m) and the Loučná ( Wieselstein , 956 m) and northwest of the Holubí vrch ( Nitschenberg , 716 m).
Neighboring towns are Meziboří in the north, Dlouhá Louka and Hrad Osek in the northeast, Litvínov Osada in the east, Horní Litvínov in the southeast, Chudeřín in the south, Písečná in the southwest, Křížatky , Lounice and Horní Ves in the west and Sedlo and Rašov in the northwest.
Local division
The Šumná u Litvínova cadastral district includes not only Šumná but also the villages of Horní Ves and Písečná .
history
The first written mention of the settlement Rauschengrund belonging to the lordship of Oberleutensdorf took place in 1570. In 1589, Wenzel von Lobkowicz acquired the lordship, and in 1642 it passed to the Counts of Waldstein through marriage . In 1680 Johann Friedrich von Waldstein raised the lordships of Dux and Oberleutensdorf to a family affide . The water power of the Gold River drove several mills and a gun hammer. The Chemnitz businessman August Wilhelm Marbach had a mechanical spinning mill built in the valley in 1828, which was driven by a water wheel; on July 31, 1831 the factory started operations.
In 1831 Rauschengrund consisted of 19 houses with 113 German-speaking residents. In the village, the cotton yarn spinning mill AW Marbach & Comp., The iron hammer Anton Helmschmiedt, gave two grinding mills , a board mill , an oil mill and a stocking walke . Parish was Ober-Leitensdorf . Until the mid-19th century remained Sandel of Fideikommissherrschaft Dux servants.
After the abolition of patrimonial Rauschengrund formed from 1850 a district of the municipality Oberleutensdorf in the Leitmeritz district and the judicial district of Brüx. From 1868 the village belonged to the Brüx district . After Konrad Riecken joined the company as a partner, the cotton spinning and weaving mill operated under the name Marbach & Riecken. Heinrich Riecken, a son of Konrad Riecken, was the founder of the Mozart Orchestra in Oberleutensdorf. In 1895 the road leading around the factory to Oberleutensdorf was relocated to the creek west of the factory, and a second spinning mill building and a new weaving room with a shed roof were added according to plans by the Oberleutensdorf master builder Franz Nuska. After the old spinning mill burned down in 1905, it was rebuilt, also under the direction of Nuska. The population explosion in the neighboring North Bohemian Basin at the end of the 19th century only had a moderate impact on Rauschengrund because of the limited expansion possibilities due to the narrowness of the valley. From 1905 the village belonged to the newly formed judicial district Oberleutensdorf. After the village had applied for its independence in 1908, the formation of the community Rauschengrund with the districts Oberdorf and Sandl was approved in 1913 .
In the 1920s the working population was mostly employed by Marbach & Riecken or in the local sawmills. As a result of the Munich Agreement , Rauschengrund was added to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the district of Brüx until 1945 . In 1939 the community had 440 inhabitants. After most of the workers at Marbach & Riecken AG had been called up for military service as a result of the “ total war ”, production was maintained between 1942 and 1945 through the use of a total of 287 foreign forced laborers. After the end of World War II, Rauschengrund returned to Czechoslovakia and the German-Bohemian population was expelled .
In 1947 the village was renamed Šumná and in the same year incorporated into Horní Litvínov. From 1949, Šumná formed the Litvínov V district of the city of Litvínov. The Glockner mill, documented since 1634, was the oldest building in the village; it was canceled in the late 1940s. The Ecce homo chapel, first mentioned in 1835, belonged to the mill; it was demolished in 1951 and the wooden figure of the saint was taken to a museum.
For the currently vacant factory area of RICO Šumná, formerly Marbach & Riecken, a usage concept was drawn up in 2009 that provides for use for residential, school and cultural purposes.
Development of the population
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Attractions
- Šumný důl ( Rauschengrund ), the valley formed by the Bílý potok, is one of the longest and deepest notch valleys on the southern slope of the Eastern Ore Mountains. The side valley Pekelské údolí ( Hell's Ground ) branches off north of Meziboří .
- Torso of the memorial stone for the fallen soldiers of the First World War from Rauschengrund, Oberdorf and Sandl
- Factory building of Marbach & Riecken AG including factory owner's villa, cultural monument
Web links
- Description of Šumná on litvinov.sator.eu
- Historical views of Rauschengrund on www.boehmisches-erzgebirge.cz
- Průmyslové dědictví Ústeckého kraje - mapování a revitalizace, p. 102 Přádelna bavlny a tkalcovna Marbach & Riecken
- Description of the Rauschengrund / Šumný důl on vychodnikrusnohori.org
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/686174/Sumna-u-Litvinova
- ↑ a b Historický lexikon obcí České republiky - 1869–2015. (PDF) Český statistický úřad, December 18, 2015, accessed on February 17, 2016 (Czech).
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia , Vol. 1 Leitmeritzer Kreis, 1833, p. 143.
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. District of Brüx (Czech. Most). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ http://litvinov.sator.eu/ategorie/litvinov/v-castech-obce/sumna/konverze-tovarny-v-sumne
