1. Carinthian fishing museum
The 1st Carinthian Fishing Museum is a museum since 1980 existing in the Austrian state of Carinthia in the west bay of Lake Millstatt in the district Wirlsdorf in Seeboden . After a temporary closure from 2009 to mid-2011, the museum is now open again.
The Brugger House
The Brugger House in the Seebodner Bucht with the 1st Carinthian Fisheries Museum is located in a very important place in the past. The name was derived from the Steiner Bridge over the Seebach, located directly next to it, the western outflow of the Millstätter See, a river crossing of an Alpine transversal that has been used at least since Roman times , which runs from the dealer station in Baldersdorf near Molzbichl in the Drautal past a pass sanctuary on the Wolfsberg to Kötzing and Gmünd led.
Due to its position on the outflow of the lake, the Brugger House was once the most productive place for fishing on Lake Millstatt. By means of a fish fence , the salmon rake or the salmon prey, one could catch the salmon here without much effort. Even the water level of the lake could be regulated for fishing purposes, which repeatedly led to arguments with the farmers in Döbriach at the other end of the lake. In the 18th century in particular, the conflict between the Ortenburgers' fishermen and the farmers under the Millstatt manor seemed to have escalated. The mediation of the court judge and the superior of Millstatt Abbey did not help. In 1724 the lake was again "halfway up the field, so everything was drowned". A peasant delegation found that there was a new, higher charge: "First because of the many found stones and then because of the large cups that were put in to raise the water, the carpentry was a whole pound." 1725 changed nothing, and the peasants resorted to self-help and destroyed half of the harvest. The “agress attack” was seen as a breach of the peace, and the peasants had to humbly apologize.
The Brugger estate was documented for the first time in 1084, when the Kraut farm "curtis Chrowat" with fish rights was donated to the Reichersberg Abbey in Upper Austria by a Werenher who echoes the place name Wirlsdorf . This excellent control and fishing site was probably in use long before that. The waterway across the lake, which used to be much more important, ends here at the bay, the westernmost point of Lake Millstatt. Today's Millstätter Straße along the lake is only a few hundred years old. The old Roman road led over the Millstätter Berg . From around the year 1100 the sea fishermen of the County of Ortenburg lived in the Brugger House , who were first mentioned there and in Millstatt around 1450. Due to the lack of meat in ancient times and the Christian Lent , fish meat was allowed, fish woad has always been an important right of a manor . In a certificate about Sommeregg Castle, which is around three kilometers away , it says: “Sommereck has a kind of vischwaid from the castle to his Aigen art. The Vischer should carry all vastag to the castle visch in khauf .. "
At present, commercial fishing around Lake Millstatt only plays a role in the catering sector. Up until the beginning of the 20th century, however, fish farming and trading were an important source of income for the population. The migration of salmon from the sea into fresh water to their place of birth came to an end through river regulation and power plant construction. The remains of the former salmon rake, which was first mentioned in 1638 and was seen in the water in front of the bridge, have now also disappeared.
The building itself was built around 1610 in the style of a typical Carinthian smoke house with a pitched roof. The smoking room with a large open hearth represented the main living and working space. The chimney in the hallway also served as a smokehouse (South German, Austrian: Selche ) for the salmon that were caught in the rake next to the house. In 1918 Baron Klinger von Klingerstorff bought the Porcia Castle in Spittal from the Prince of Porcia , which included the lake life with the fisherman's house Brugger, the grounds at today's Klinger Park, as well as fishing rights at the upper end of the lake and the outflow and parts of the Lieser.
History of the museum
Seeboden experienced the height of mass tourism in the 1970s. To prevent the dilapidated building from being demolished, Freiin Gabrielle Klinger Klingerstorff, nee Countess van der Straten Ponthoz bought the property in June 1979 for the association Bezirksheimatmuseum Spittal / Drau ( Museum of Folk Culture ). The edition was u. a. stated: “The recipient of the gift is obliged to set up and maintain a fishing museum in the Fischerhaus Brugger and to make this museum accessible to the public in an appropriate and customary manner. However, the gift recipient is entitled to transfer the subject matter of the contract at any time to a regional authority, an association or other legal person at the discretion of the gift giver, provided that this recipient undertakes to maintain and continue the fishing museum and takes on the above edition. "By means of the concept and organization of The 1st Carinthian Fisheries Museum was opened in 1980 on the basis of voluntary monetary, material and work donations by Helmut Prasch , the multifaceted founder of the Upper Carinthian museum . In 1996 the content was restructured by Fritz Rathke. The Fisheries Museum was awarded the Austrian Museum Seal of Approval from ICOM Austria (International Council of Museums, National Committee Austria) and the Austrian Museum Association. In 2008, the association sold the fishing museum to the Seeboden municipality, which acquired the museum for the WasserLeben tourism project on Lake Millstatt. However, the Seeboden community closed its museum operations at the end of 2009. Due to the private initiative of the Karl Winkler (tree nursery) and Cattina and Wolfgang Leitner (Camp Royal X) families with advice from the local historian Axel Huber , the museum was reopened on August 26, 2011.
The Fischerhaus Brugger as a museum
The old Carinthian farmhouse is entered on the ground floor through the Lab'm, the vestibule, formerly with ground. In the southeast corner is the old smoke kitchen with a salmon and bacon elk . The house used to have a stable building that no longer exists today. In the Rauchküche, in addition to various cooking utensils and in the other building, objects from the local fishery such as fishing boats, fishing gear, fish preparations, various photos and display boards such as sketches of the salmon Fürschlag mit Kalter, as it has been in Seebach since 1805, can be seen. Dioramas and documents document disputes over fish law. Also part of the exhibition is sacred art, in which fishing is a common motif.
A Millstätter Lake Aquarium (7000 liters) of live fish showed the diversity of species in the lake, occur in the following fish species: rainbow trout , whitefish , char , arbors ( bleak ), roach , chub (chub), barbel , tench , carp , catfish , Pike , pikeperch , perch and eel .
In addition to traditional fishing, predatory fishing is also illustrated. On the first floor you can see a wide range of hand-forged fish spikes, which were used exclusively for predatory fishing. Carinthia only received a binding fishing law in 1931. As long as fishing was a manorial right, there were dedicated rules for fishing. Closed periods were set, and climbing aids at mills and weir systems were prescribed. The use of traps and night fishing was prohibited. Furthermore, the common man was expressly forbidden to catch crabs. With the abolition of the manorial rule in 1848, there was complete freedom of fishing in many places. It was not until 1885 that a Reich Fisheries Act was enacted. In the meantime there has been an uncontrolled overexploitation of the fish population.
Old water sports equipment document the emerging tourism. After the Second World War , sport diving emerged, which became very popular thanks to the films by Hans Hass . In the 1950s and 1960s, a harpoon or a spear was part of the basic equipment of recreational divers. The result is emptied waters wherever there is mass tourism. Instead, underwater film and photo competitions have established themselves. A selection of industrially produced harpoons as well as diving masks and snorkels can be seen in the museum.
The museum gives an overview of shipping on Lake Millstatt. Next to the fisherman's house stood the last plateau preserved from Lake Millstatt , a boat for transporting large goods that was already powered by a diesel engine. Unfortunately, it was disposed of in June 2010. From 1890 onwards, tourism also became interesting for passenger shipping, and the first steamer with petroleum went into operation.
Since 1980, three dugout canoes have been exhibited in the Seeboden Fishery Museum, two of which are said to have been found in the Weißensee . One of the dugouts comes from the first half of the 7th century AD, a time when there are almost no historical written sources. One of the dugout canoes was found in the Wörthersee . It is only known from the 590s that the Bavarian Duke Tassilo I led military campaigns into the Slavic province in the Upper Drautal.
literature
- Axel Huber: From predatory fishing to underwater photography. ( Memento of August 22, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) In: KulturLandMenschen, No. 2/2009, pp. 4–6, accessed on October 19, 2018.
- Axel Huber: 400 years of the Brugger House & 30 years of the fishing museum in Seeboden. In: KulturLandMenschen. No. 9-10. 2010, pp. 168–175 , accessed October 19, 2018 .
Web links
- Museum of Folk Culture Spittal / Drau Former owner of the Brugger House.
- Market community Seeboden Current owner of the Brugger House.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Huber, 400 Years of the Brugger House , p. 168 f.
- ↑ Edi Rauter: Seeboden. A health resort on Lake Millstatt. Carinthia Verlag, Klagenfurt, 1976, ISBN 3-85378-015-6 , p. 80 f.
- ^ Information as posted in the museum in 2006.
- ↑ a b Edi Rauter: Seeboden. A health resort on Lake Millstatt. Carinthia Verlag, Klagenfurt, 1976, ISBN 3-85378-015-6 , p. 44 f.
- ↑ Axel Huber: Age-determined woods from the Millstatt Abbey and from Hochgosch, from Rennweg, Spittal and Seeboden. In: History Association for Carinthia : Carinthia I . Journal for historical regional studies of Carinthia. 199th year / 209, pp. 135–158, here p. 158.
- ↑ Notarial act of June 7, 1979, land register of the Spittal an der Drau district court, collection of documents.
- ↑ Land register status (June 2010): Owner MG Seeboden, Fischerweg 1, EZ 1193, KG 73212 Seeboden, Bau-Parz. No. 6, construction area building 327 m²
- ↑ MMKK receives the Austrian Museum Seal of Approval . On www.kleinezeitung.at, October 16, 2007, last accessed on May 25, 2017.
- ↑ Minutes of the municipal council meeting No. 05/2007 of the municipal council of the market town of Seeboden . Website of the Seeboden People's Party at www.oevp-seeboden.at/pdf/prot_05-2007.pdf, December 14, 2007, accessed on September 8, 2011.
- ↑ NN: Fisheries in focus . On www.kleinezeitung.at, August 29, 2011, last accessed on June 24, 2017.
- ↑ Huber, Predatory Fishery , p. 4 f.
- ^ Camilla Kleinsasser: Seeboden wood sample for analysis in US laboratory. Kleine Zeitung , June 24, 2017, accessed on July 28, 2019 .
- ↑ The dugout canoe from the Wörthersee. Report on the recovery of an impressive boat . ( Memento of July 21, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Website of the Triton Society, April 3, 2009, last accessed on June 24, 2017.
Coordinates: 46 ° 48 ′ 49.8 " N , 13 ° 30 ′ 33.5" E