Hans Hass

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Hans Hass
In 1950 the marine researcher Hans Hass demonstrated the trick of the torn telephone book , which he had learned from Graf Felix von Luckner .

Hans Heinrich Julius Hass (previously Haß, born January 23, 1919 in Vienna ; † June 16, 2013 ibid) was an Austrian zoologist and marine researcher who was best known for his documentaries about sharks and his commitment to environmental protection .

Life

Hans Hass, still spelled “Haß” in the 1950s, was the son of the lawyer Hans Haß (* 1879) and Meta Haß (actually: Margaretha Antonia Haß), born. Brausewetter (* 1890), daughter of Charles Brausewetter (* 1857), operator of the first Austrian terracotta (pottery) factory in Wagram near Leobersdorf on the southern railway Victor Brausewetter, and his wife Paula nee. Pelz (* 1869; from 1879: Pelz von Felinau ).

Hass attended the Theresianum in Vienna and graduated from school in 1937. His high school graduation trip to the French Riviera in 1937 with underwater hunts and underwater photography was decisive for his interest in marine biology .

In 1939 Hans Hass organized a trip to Curaçao and Bonaire ( Netherlands Antilles ) with his friends Alfred von Wurzian and Jörg Böhler . There he shot his first film, in which he used the free-swimming film method for the first time. Since the Second World War had started in the meantime, the three friends returned to the (Greater) German Reich via the United States , Japan , China and the Soviet Union - not yet involved in the war in 1939/1940 .

Because of a vascular disease of the feet ( Raynaud's syndrome ), Hans Hass was not drafted into the Wehrmacht when the war broke out; when walking, the blood flow to the feet is dangerously reduced. From autumn 1940 he had the status of “ indispensable ” for the production of underwater documentaries as a so-called “independent producer” via the UFA , which kept him from military service until the end of the war.

After the Caribbean expedition and the first specialist articles, Hass switched from studying law to zoology in 1940 . Another expedition took him in 1942, one year after the occupation of Greece, to the Aegean Sea to the Pelion Peninsula, the Northern Sporades and Santorini . Alfons Hochhauser , who was indispensable as a local expert, interpreter and fishing expert , was there for the first time . Hass tested a new regeneration diving device and used it in conjunction with fins for the first time for swim diving.

In February 1944 he received his doctorate at the Friedrich Wilhelms University in Berlin in the subject of zoology with a dissertation on the Neptune veils (Reteporidae or Phidoloporidae) belonging to the moss animals . In his dissertation, he honored his academic teacher Heinrich Jacob Feuerborn by describing a new species of bryophytes , which he called Sertella feuerbornii (today Reteporella feuerbornii (Hass, 1948)). Until the end of the war he mainly devoted himself to completing his last expedition film.

One of his main concerns was to take away people's fear of sharks , because they prevented them from having easy access to the underwater world.

After the Second World War, his research ship was lost due to confiscation; he turned to anthropology and evolutionary biology . In 1947 his film “ Menschen unter Haien ”, which had already been started as a Ufa cultural film in 1942, premiered in Zurich. Contracts with Herzog-Film (Munich) and Sascha-Film (Vienna) followed as well as - after two expeditions to the Red Sea - two Xarifa expeditions together with the biologist Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt .

Hans Hass (left) and Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt

A film about it - " Company Xarifa " - was released in 1954. The new research vessel Xarifa had to be financed in part by diving safaris in the Red Sea and with the help of the BBC . The ship's captain was Johann Diebitsch, who died in 1957 while in command of the Pamir . The Xarifa itself was sold again by Hass in 1960.

Research vessel Xarifa 2007 in the port of Monaco

After expeditions in East Africa and South Asia , the first TV series were made in 1959 , and in 1961 for the first time about land creatures. This was followed by behavioral research and from 1963 to 1966 the energon theory - the basis of his following work: Combined with management strategy, Hass published in 1969 about similarities to evolution. In the seventies he dealt with environmental and economic issues and received the professional title of "professor" in 1977 - but this was not associated with an academic promotion or a professorship at the university.

1983 began long-term studies and numerous seminars on predatory instincts in the profession. Hass combined marine biology, behavioral research and management theories. In 1989 he turned back to environmental issues .

Lotte and Hans Hass at boot 2009 on his 90th birthday

In 1959, Wolfgang Klausewitz and Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt named the tube eels he discovered in the Maldives after him and his ship Xarifa with Xarifania hassi (the species has since been renamed Heteroconger hassi ).

Hass dived off the Maldives in January 2005 to investigate the consequences of the tsunami disaster underwater. In January 2007 he took part in a cruise off Port Sudan and did some dives there as well.

In April 2006, Hass gave up his residence in Liechtenstein and has since lived in Vienna again. He died there on June 16, 2013 and was buried on June 22, 2013 in Hietzinger Friedhof , Group 47, No. 31. Hans Hass bequeathed part of his estate to the Natural History Museum Vienna .

Gravesite of Hans and Lotte Hass

The Hans Hass Award has been presented since 2003 .

family

  1. Marriage to Hannelore Schroth from June 30, 1945 to April 1950; Son Hans (1946–2009)
  2. Marriage to Lotte Baierl from November 29, 1950; Daughter Meta (* 1957)

Energon theory

Between 1959 and 1970 Hass developed the energon theory: In it he presented a new view of the world and the position of man in it, which, based on physical conditions, showed general laws for all forms of development and based them on biology. The energon concept was described by Hass as his " glass bead game ", in which he tried to bring together the conceptual system of different sciences and to represent it through a uniform structure and a uniform conceptual system. The theory was not accepted by academic science and is considered pseudoscientific because it works primarily with analogies. Very few authors dealt with the content of the energon theory.

Hass derived the concept of the "hypercell" from the energon theory. He defined the human organs made up of cells as function carriers and added the products of technology to the individual as additional organs that can be exchanged as required. Hatred referred to people who used tools as "hypercell", characterized modern people as changeable, flexible beings and called them "Homo Proteus" (after the Greek god Proteus ). Proteus is described as a master of transformation who could take on any shape - similar to a modern human being who supplemented his "performance body" with "artificial organs" with tools.

Institute founding

After moving from Vienna to Berlin, Hass founded the “Special Fund Hans-Hass Expedition” on June 11, 1941. After submitting his material, his collections, the underwater photos and a memorandum about his further plans, the responsible tax authorities in Berlin showed understanding and courtesy and promised the complete exemption of the fund from income tax . It should only be used to purchase and equip a research vessel.

In 1942, Hass founded the "Expedition for Biological Oceanography" association in Berlin, which was also tax-privileged. After the end of the war, Hass first tried to conclude a similarly favorable agreement with the local tax authorities in Austria, but was unsuccessful. He then moved to Liechtenstein in 1950 and founded his "International Institute for Submarine Research (IISF)" in Vaduz on November 29, 1950. He agreed with the tax authorities of the Principality of Liechtenstein on a favorable annual flat-rate tax.

Hans Hass was a founding member and president of the Liechtenstein PEN Club .

In December 1999, on the initiative of Hans Hass, the "International Hans Hass Institute for Energon Research (IHHI)" was founded at the Chair of Philosophy and Philosophy of Science at the University of Vienna , which translates Hans Hass's energon publications into other languages ​​and more Should support research in this new direction. Erhard Oeser , head of the Institute for the Theory of Science and Science Research at the University of Vienna, became President . Vice-president was Wolfgang Fallmann , director of the Institute for General Electrical Engineering and Quantum Electronics at the Technical University of Vienna. In 2002 the IHHI received research funding from the Austrian Federal Ministry for Education, Science and Culture. After Oeser's retirement in 2006, the IHHI was no longer operated.

The “International Institute for Submarine Research (IISF)” was renamed “Hans Hass Institute for Submarine Research and Diving Technology HIST” in December 2000 and merged with the “Research Center for Diving History” founded in Germany in 1994. This Hans-Hass-Institut has been headed by Michael Jung since then.

Technical innovations

1938 began hatred in Dubrovnik with the underwater photography . To do this, he used self-made waterproof housings with standard cameras. In 1940 he took color photographs for the first time under water. He marketed his findings on underwater photography and film after the war by bringing two underwater housings for photo cameras into series production together with industrial companies: the “UW-Leica” with electronic flash unit from 1950 together with the company AKG in Vienna and the “Rolleimarin “From 1954 together with Franke & Heidecke for the Rolleiflex . The Rolleimarin was very successful and remained the standard tool for every professional underwater photographer for two decades.

In 1941, together with the Drägerwerk , Hass developed a swim- diving device from a standard diving reserve through a few modifications . In connection with swimming fins, a three-dimensional mode of locomotion was possible. He founded swim diving and thus laid the foundation for modern research diving and diving tourism.

Hass first used the new diving device in 1942 during his expedition to Greece. It was produced in series by Dräger from 1948 under the name “Small Diving Device Model 138” and worked on an oxygen basis. Because of the design-related risks, Hass tried to convert it for use with Heliox as early as 1944 . However, the attempts got stuck in the prototype phase.

In 1950, Hass experimented in front of Port Sudan and also during his first Xarifa expedition in 1953/54 with electromagnetic signals to control schools of fish and to ward off sharks. He applied for patents worldwide and founded the company "Elektro-Marina" in 1953 to market his ideas. His attempts with the new method were unsuccessful due to various technical problems, so that Hass let the patent protection expire and the company dissolved. In 1963, however, attempts by Donald Nelson and Samuel H. Gruber from the University of Miami confirmed Hans Hass's concept.

Together with the architect Karl Schwanzer , Hans Hass constructed an underwater station in 1973 . Hass also used his experience in the field of diving technology as a lecturer at the Technical University of Vienna and in 1977 as a consultant for the Bruker company in the construction of smaller submarines for marine research, tourism and oil exploration.

In 1982, Hans Hass worked together with the two Liechtenstein engineers Jürgen Hermann and Roland Vogler on the concept of the world's first full-fledged decompression computer . It came onto the market under the name "Hans Hass Deco-Brain". Around 3000 pieces were sold worldwide.

For his human ethological studies, Hass developed the “mirror technique” in 1962 so that those filmed did not feel observed and behaved as uninfluenced as possible. He also changed the normal timing of the recordings and filmed in fast motion or in slow motion. In this way, connections and regularities in behavior emerged that are normally not recognized. The camera lens with deflecting prism became a fundamental tool in human ethology. The Max Planck Institute for Behavioral Physiology used this technique successfully for many years.

criticism

As part of his research, Hass was concerned with the question of how to save the earth from overpopulation . In his opinion, the earth is threatened with collapse in the foreseeable future if the growth rate remains the same. His main theses, which he published under the title Message to the Women of the World in November 2007 in the Austrian daily Der Standard , among others , warned Hass of a "self-destruction of life" by the population explosion and called for the worldwide introduction of family planning .

Julius K. Steinberger and Verena Winiwarter from the Institute for Social Ecology at the University of Klagenfurt took a critical look at the hypothesis of hate in a contribution entitled That would be pointless, Mr. Hass was also published the next day in Standard .

Works

(Selection)

  • 1939: Hunting under water with a harpoon and camera.
  • 1941: Among corals and sharks.
  • 1942: Photo hunt on the seabed.
  • 1947: Three hunters on the ocean floor.
  • 1949: humans and sharks.
  • 1952: Manta, devil in the red sea.
  • 1954: I took photos in the 7 seas.
  • 1957: We come from the sea.
  • 1958: fish and corals.
  • 1961: expedition into the unknown.
  • 1968: we humans. The secret of our behavior.
  • 1970: Energon. The hidden common.
  • 1971: Into untouched depths. Conquering the tropical seas.
  • 1972: Advance into the depths. A magazine about the adventure of exploring the seas.
  • 1973: World under water. Man's adventurous foray into the sea.
  • 1976: conquering the deep. The sea - its secrets, its dangers, its exploration.
  • 1976: The Hans Hass diving guide. The Mediterranean. A guide for scuba divers and snorkelers.
  • 1977: the shark. Legend of a murderer.
  • 1978: Together with Horst Lange-Prollius: Creation goes on. Station human in the stream of life.
  • 1979: How the fish became human. The fascinating history of our body's development.
  • 1980: In the Red Sea. Return after 30 years.
  • 1985: City and quality of life.
  • 1986: Adventure under water. My experiences and research in the sea.
  • 1987: The ball and the rose.
  • 1988: The shark in management. Recognize and control instincts.
  • 1991: Foray into unknown seas.
  • 1994: The Hyperzeller. Evolution's new image of man.
  • 1996: From the pioneering days of diving. Into untouched depths.
  • 2004: memories and adventures.
  • 2005: Live your dream.
  • 2016 (posthumous): Departure into a new world.

Between 1939 and 2005, Hans Hass published 32 German-language first editions; of these titles, a total of 84 translations in different languages ​​appeared. The titles with the most translations are We Come From the Sea from 1957 (12 different editions) and Three Hunters on the Sea Floor from 1947 (11 different editions).

items

  • The world in blue light. In: Geo-Magazin . Hamburg 1980, 4, pp. 106-124 (text on photos of Leni Riefenstahl's diving trips).

Filmography

(Selection from around 70 TV films)

  • 1942: stalking under water
  • 1947: people among sharks
  • 1951: Adventure in the Red Sea
  • 1954: Xarifa company
  • 1956: Diving to Adventure. 6-part series, 30 minutes each in English for the BBC about the expeditions to date.
  • 1958–1962: expedition into the unknown
  • 1966: We humans
  • 1971: The Secret of Cheviot Bay. Trip with Hans Hass jr. to Cheviot Bay near Melbourne , where Harold Holt found an unexplained death in the sea (59 min.).
  • 1971: Our voyage with Captain Cook. First part of the trip with Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt, his wife Lotte and daughter Meta to the Great Barrier Reef , where the team traces his journey to Cape York two hundred years after James Cook (59 min.).
  • 1972: The Enchanted Islands. Continuation of the journey to Tahiti (59 min.).
  • 1972: The pirate island. About the history of Jamaica and modern day Jamaica of tourists (59 min.).
  • 1972: Devil's Island. Hass explores the islands off the coast of French Guiana and follows in the footsteps of Alfred Dreyfus and Henri Charrière (59 min.).
  • 1974: Shots in the depths. Hass advocates a worldwide ban on underwater hunting (55 min.).
  • 1974: The wreck of the dead. About a Japanese submarine sunk by the US Air Force in 1943 near Truk and the recovery of the crew who died in it (45 min.).
  • 1976: Living in the sea. About the floating cities by the Japanese architect Kiyonori Kikutake and an underwater villa built off the Japanese coast (45 min.).
  • 1977: Intoxication without drugs. Return to Curaçao , where the underwater adventures of Hass began in 1939 (45 min.).
  • 1977: fish among fish. About diving tourism on Bonaire (45 min.).
  • 1979: Diving for money. About the American underwater cameraman Stan Waterman (45 min.).
  • 1980: The monster. About the coral growth on two wrecks near Port Sudan (45 min.).
  • 1983: A gentleman and his dog. Via the JIM armored suit and an underwater vehicle (45 min.).
  • 1983: Come into the sea! 3-part series, each 30 minutes on human evolution.
  • 1984: Paradise transformed. About the study of the ecological changes caused by diving tourism in the Maldives.
  • 1985: My adventures and research in the sea. 13-part series, each 45 minutes of the SDR
  • 2011: The girl on the ocean floor

Films about Hans Hass

  • 1994: A life between adventure and science (50 min.). Hans-Hass-Special for his 75th birthday. Script and direction: Helmut Edelmann. Production: Mavis Film, Munich.
  • 1995: Witnesses of the Century (60 min.). Hans Hass in an interview with Volker Panzer.
  • 1999: Tierzeit - Hans Hass turns 80 (30 min.). Hans Hass in an interview with Helmut Mülfarth.
  • 1999: Hans Hass - the man who discovered the sea (52 min.). Documentary about the life of Hans Hass. A co-production by ORF, Telcast International Munich and Cosmos Factory Vienna. Script and direction: Manfred Christ and Harald Pokieser. The original film material by Hans Hass was digitally restored for the first time for the film. Due to numerous interviews with friends and contemporaries of Hans Hass in the USA, the English version has a different character from the German version.
  • 2006: On the trail of paradise (15 min.). Michael Jung's film biography about Hans Hass with plenty of previously unpublished image material as a bonus film on the DVDs.
  • 2011: The girl on the ocean floor (90 min.). Film adaptation of Hans Hass's first diving expedition in the Red Sea in 1950 with the character of a feature film. The main roles were played by Yvonne Catterfeld (as Lotte) and Benjamin Sadler (as Hans). Co-production by ZDF and ORF. Director: Ben Verbong.
  • 2014: Wild Journey: The Last Dive (45 min.). In 2007, Hass and his wife Lotte went diving with the nature filmmaker Erich Pröll on the coast of Sudan on the Red Sea. It was a journey back to the roots of the diving couple - to where trend-setting films such as Adventure in the Red Sea were made. These are the records of the couple's last great diving trip with retrospectives on the life and work of Hans Hass.
  • 2019: Exploring Hans Hass (100 min.) Was presented on January 23, 2019 by producer and cameraman Sebastian Postl, Graz. Oliver Bruck, director of the film, discovered 150 film cans in a garage in Lower Austria. They come from remnants stored in Hass' Vienna office. According to the daughter Meta Raunig-Hass, Hans Hass himself released it for disposal when his institute was closed in 2012. Some undeveloped films were developed by a Viennese company as part of film production. Kurt Schaefer , assistant and camera maker from Hass, is one of the contemporary witnesses whose memories "play a central role in the film". The cinema release is planned for spring 2019.

Awards

  • 1949: First prize from the Federal Chancellor for the "best film idea for an Austrian propaganda film"
  • 1950: Golden Society Medal from the Photographic Society in Vienna
  • 1951: The film Adventure in the Red Sea received the International Prize for Long Documentary Films at the 2nd Mostra Internazionale del Film Scientifico e del Documentario d'Arte in Venice.
  • 1956: The television series Diving to Adventure was voted "Program of the Year" by the BBC.
  • 1959: Outstanding Underwater Photographer of the Year of the Underwater Photographic Society (USA, International Underwater Filmfestival 1959)
  • 1974: Honorary member of the Association of German Sports Divers
  • 1977: Professional title "Professor", awarded by Science Minister Hertha Firnberg
  • 1978: Honorary member of the Europäische Bildungsgemeinschaft-Verlags GmbH, Stuttgart
  • 1984: Gold Medal of Honor from the Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques (CMAS)
  • 1987: Science Medal of the City of Linz
  • 1989: IADS Lifetime Achievement Award from the International Association of Diving Schools
  • 1994: Golden Badge of Honor from the Association of German Sports Divers (VDST); Honorary President of the Sports Diving Association; Reg Vallintine Award for Historical Diving Achievement, UK
  • 1995: A diving site in the Maldives is named as Hans Hass Place
  • 1997: Reaching out Award DEMA (Diving Equipment & Marketing Association) USA. Diving Pioneer Trophy from the Historical Diving Society USA. Diving Pioneer Award from the Historical Diving Society Italia. Austrian Decoration for Science and Art
  • 1998: Two NOGI awards for Science and Distinguished Service, USA
  • 1999: Gold Medal of Honor of the Federal Capital Vienna . Honorary President of the PEN Club Liechtenstein. Konrad Lorenz Prize for environmental protection. Gold Medal of Honor of the Austrian Federation of Photographers. DANUBIUS Donauland Non-Fiction Book Prize . Golden Lot of the Association of German Surveying Engineers
  • 2001: Dieter Plage Lifetime Achievement Award for special achievements in the nature film sector (Jackson Hole Wildlife Film Festival, Wyoming, USA)
  • 2004: Christopher Parsons Award for special achievements in the nature film sector (Wildscreen Festival, Bristol)
  • 2005: Peace Prize for Biology from the World Association of Private Schools and Universities for Complementary Healing Practices
  • 2006: Cayman Islands International Scuba Diving Hall of Fame Award. Wyland ICON Award. Beneath the Sea Special Award. Pannatura Prize for the great contribution to nature film
  • 2009: Schmitz Salue Medal from the association "Freundeskreis Löbbecke Museum + Aquazoo - Society of Zoo Friends", Düsseldorf
  • 2009: Elisabeth Mann Borgese Sea Prize
  • 2011: DIVA - German Entertainment Prize
  • 2012: Romy Platinum for his life's work. A cone snail found in the Philippines was named after him (Protoconus hanshassi).
  • 2018: A park in Vienna is named “Hans-Hass-Park”.

Archives holdings

Hans Hass was extremely productive in his life and left behind a large amount of documents, photos and films. Today these are distributed across different depots.

As early as 2000, Hass began to sort out his priorities and to ensure that his work and research were continued as far as possible. Hass handed over all the records, correspondence and manuscripts that could be assigned to the energon theory from 1960 onwards to the "International Hans Hass Institute for Energon Research (IHHI)". The IHHI files are now in the archives of the University of Vienna. All files from the years before 1960 and all photo material up to 2000 went to the "Hans Hass Institute for Submarine Research and Diving Technology (HIST)", where they are systematically evaluated today. Files from the years after 2000, files from his office archive and fragments were handed over to the Natural History Museum in Vienna in 2012 after the office was closed.

Copies and residual material of his cinema films and some of his television films were stored for decades in the SWR archive in Stuttgart, in the warehouse of the Listo-Film copier in Vienna , in the shed of his house in Liechtenstein and in Hans Hass' office in Vienna. From 1999 to around 2010, all of this material was stored in the Filmarchiv Austria on behalf of Hass . This includes, among other things, a 35 mm optical tone negative from the film Company Xarifa , which Hass received from the editor of the film, Peter Graham Scott , in 2000 for further custody from England. The Eastman original negative and the Technicolor Dup of the first generation from company Xarifa are considered "lost" - this applies to both the German and the English version. The original negative of Stalking Under Water - probably during the turmoil of World War II - and the original negative of Adventure in the Red Sea have also been lost . In 2012, Hass disposed of scrap material from some of his television films, test exposures and heavily scarred screening copies of his films that were stacked in the coal cellar of the Vienna office.

In addition, there is a copy of the film Adventure in the Red Sea in the film archive of the German Federal Archives and a copy of the film Pirsch unter Wasser in the archive of the Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau Foundation . Hass' scientific short films are archived in the IMF Knowledge and Media .

The television films are stored as originals and as various broadcast copies in the archives of the television companies that were co-producing at the time ( Süddeutscher Rundfunk , ORF , BBC , possibly also SRG SSR ).

Many items such as photo and film cameras, underwater housings, diving equipment, books and trophies were given to the Aquazoo Löbbecke Museum in Düsseldorf in 2002. The historical objects are now open to the public as part of a permanent exhibition.

Web links

Commons : Hans Hass  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Jung: Hans Hass - A lifetime on expedition. Naglschmid, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-927913-63-4 , p. 20, 315. p. 315: “Hans Heinrich Julius Hass was born on January 23, 1919 as the only child of the lawyer Dr. Hans Hugo Hass (born April 18, 1879) and the factory owner's daughter Margaretha Antonia (Meta) Brausewetter (born June 16, 1890) and baptized on April 13, 1919 in the Votive Church. "
  2. ^ Entry by Hass' father in "Adolph Lehmann's general Viennese apartment gazette". 1939 edition, Volume 1, p. 409 (= p. 484 of the digital recording).
  3. ↑ Company logs. (...) Changes and additions (...) Wagram near Leobersdorf. In:  Official Journal of the Wiener Zeitung , No. 175/1920, August 3, 1920, p. 642, column 2. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / wrz;
    Otmar Rychlik: On the history and art history of Lower Austrian terracotta production in Wagram near Leobersdorf. In: Helmuth Feigl (Red.): Yearbook for regional studies of Lower Austria. Volume 2: The Association for Regional Studies of Lower Austria celebrates the Ostarrîchi Millennium. Association for regional studies of Lower Austria, Vienna 1996, ISBN 3-901234-04-7 , pp. 507-528 passim ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  4. ↑ Joachim Scholz, Emmy Wöss: Hans Hass - a life for the underwater world. In: Biology in Our Time. 39 (2), p. 138. 2009.
  5. ↑ Hans Hass: Memories & Adventure. Verl. Styria, Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-222-13155-4 . P. 145.
  6. ↑ Michael Jung: Steps into No Man's Land. New insights into the life and work of the natural scientist Hans Hass. Tredition, Hamburg 2019, ISBN 978-3-7469-8819-1 , p. 40.
  7. ↑ Hans Hass: Contribution to the knowledge of the reteporids with special consideration of the formation laws of their zoariums and a report on the new method used for investigations on the seabed. Zoologica 101 (1948): 1-140.
  8. ↑ Hans Hass: Memories & Adventure. Verl. Styria, Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-222-13155-4 . P. 154.
  9. ↑ Michael Jung: Hans Hass Biography. RoBoT-Camera-Museum, accessed on August 22, 2013 .
  10. ^ Family obituary. ( Memento from April 15, 2014 in the Internet Archive ). Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  11. ↑ a b The fighter of the underwater world is dead. ( Memento from November 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). On: Tagesschau.de. June 22, 2013.
  12. ↑ The grave of Hans Hass. At: knerger.de.
  13. ↑ Michael Jung: Hans Hass. A lifetime of expedition. Stuttgart, 1994.
  14. ↑ Andreas Hantschk, Michael Jung: Framework conditions for life development. The energon theory of Hans Hass and its position in the sciences. Solingen, 1996.
  15. ↑ Hans Hass: In untouched depths. Conquering the tropical seas. Vienna 1971. ISBN 3-217-00314-4 .
  16. ↑ Brigitte Verlezza, Manfred Haidl: factual documentation of research in Austria 2002. (PDF; 1.1 MB) Federal Ministry for Education, Science and Culture + Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology, June 4, 2003, archived from the original on January 21 2015 ; Retrieved November 8, 2013 .
  17. ^ Hans-Hass-Institute for Submarine Research and Diving Technology. ( Memento from February 25, 2013 in the Internet Archive ).
  18. ↑ Roger Blum: diving history. The underwater camera "Rolleimarin IV". At: easydive24.de. Sporttaucher-Museum Berlin, accessed on January 27, 2019.
  19. ↑ Michael Jung: Secret Project Sea Spirit. A Heliox deep diving device from 1944. In: Divemaster, Stuttgart, No. 74, pp. 53-59.
  20. ↑ Donald Nelson, Samuel Gruber: Sharks. Attraction by Low Frequency Sounds. In: Science 142 (3594), pp. 975-977.
  21. ↑ Hans Hass: Message to the women of the world. In: derStandard.at. November 19, 2007.
  22. ↑ Julius K. Steinberger, Verena Winiwarter: That would be pointless, Mr. Hass. In: The Standard. November 20, 2007.
  23. ↑ We humans. The secret of our behavior. ( Memento of November 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ). Abstract.
  24. ↑ Energon. The hidden common. ( Memento of November 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ).
  25. ↑ Creation goes on. Station human in the stream of life. ( Memento of November 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ).
  26. ↑ The shark in management. Recognize and control instincts. ( Memento of November 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ).
  27. ↑ The hypercell. Evolution's new image of man. ( Memento of November 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ).
  28. ↑ Isabelle Engels: On the dive to a legend. Radio report in Ö1. In: oe1.orf.at. January 23, 2019, accessed January 29, 2019 .
  29. ^ The film team picked up the underwater pioneer's treasures. In: Small newspaper. January 27, 2019, p. 36.
  30. ↑ Gulhifalhu Medhuga onna kohlavaanee. On: epa.gov.mv.
  31. ^ List of members of the Curia for Science
  32. ↑ HANS HASS DIVA - Earth Award 2010. ( Memento from July 24, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ).
  33. ↑ Barbara Schöneberger moderates KURIER ROMY.
  34. ↑ Protoconus hanshassi. Lorenz & Barbier, 2012.
  35. ^ The Cone Collector. On: seashell-collector.com. PDF, p. 48.
  36. ^ Hans-Hass-Park. In: GeschichteWiki.Wien.gv.at.
  37. ^ Hans Hass archive report / film catalog by Manfred Christ on behalf of the Austrian Federal Ministry for Education and Art / Media Service, Vienna 1999.
personal data
SURNAME Hate, Hans
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hass, Hans Heinrich Julius (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian biologist and ichthyologist
DATE OF BIRTH January 23, 1919
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH June 16, 2013
Place of death Vienna