Heinrich Jacob Feuerborn

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Heinrich Jacob Feuerborn , born Heinrich Jacobfeuerborn (born March 4, 1883 in Kattenstroth , † November 14, 1979 in Berlin ) was a German zoologist and limnologist .

Life

Title page of Heinrich Jacobfeuerborn's dissertation

Heinrich Jacobfeuerborn was born as the first child of the farmer Christof Jacobfeuerborn (1851-1916) and his wife Theresia nee Großehagenbrock (* 1852) in Kattenstroth. The place became a district of Gütersloh in 1910 . Heinrich had a sister Maria (* 1889) and two brothers Otto and Josef (1885–1953). After elementary school and private tuition, Heinrich went to the Rector's School in Wiedenbrück for a year and then to the grammar school in Gütersloh for four years, where he graduated from high school in 1902. After a semester at the Episcopal Faculty in Paderborn , he studied mathematics and natural sciences at the University of Münster . He spent the winter semester of 1903/1904 at the University of Berlin. Jacobfeuerborn received his doctorate in 1908 at the University of Münster under Emil Ballowitz (1859-1936) with a dissertation on the prenatal development of the hedgehog . In 1914 he was called up for military service, was a company commander in Infantry Regiment No. 13 , suffered minor injuries and returned to Kattenstroth in 1918 from the Western Front. In 1919 he finally left his parents' farm and in October 1920 married his first wife, Helene nee Moennig (* 1891), a doctor from Iserlohn .

Heinrich Jacobfeuerborn later called himself Heinrich Jacob Feuerborn and completed his habilitation in 1921 at the University of Kiel for zoology and comparative anatomy. From 1922 Feuerborn was a representative of a zoological ordinariate in Münster. When Leopold von Ubisch became a full professor of zoology in Munster in 1927, Feuerborn was only left with an unofficial professorship.

Von Ubisch was half-Jewish , but was not dismissed as a combatant in 1933. Feuerborn began to be politically active. He became a member of the National Socialist German Workers' Party as well as an employee of the regional training office of the Gau Westphalia-North and the racial political office . Feuerborn it reached with the support of some colleagues that early in 1935 by Ubisch emeritus left, but failed to get its place. In particular, his professional qualifications played a role. Feuerborn was transferred to von Ubisch's term of office, initially for a short time in the professorship for zoology at the Technical University of Braunschweig and in 1936 the chair for forest zoology in Freiburg . Feuerborn continued to try to get a position as a full professor. Among other things, he wrote in a letter to the head of Training Office and the German Labor Front of 9 October 1936: "As soon as I have a firm position ... I would like the most honorable calls me to guest lectures on the Ordensburgen to ask the party is available, Obey …"

In 1939, Feuerborn finally went to the University of Berlin and became an associate professor there. In 1945 he had to leave his apartment at Meerscheidstrasse 4 in Berlin-Westend as it was confiscated by the military government of the British zone of occupation . He then lived temporarily in the porter's apartment in the basement of the Zoological Institute on Invalidenstrasse in the area of ​​the Soviet occupation zone . In 1946, Konrad Herter had to dismiss him from the university because of his party membership. Feuerborn, however, received a teaching position and stayed in the basement apartment until 1949, which was also inhabited by his pupil Dorothea Neuhaus and her mother.

Helene Feuerborn had meanwhile completed specialist training in neurology, psychiatry and depth psychology, including in Gütersloh in 1943 and 1944. After the war she first moved to Münster and then opened a nerve practice in the western part of Berlin in 1949, which enabled her husband to return to the western part. Olaf, the only son of the Feuerborns, was drafted as a medical student during World War II and died of typhus in Siberia as a prisoner of war . Helene Feuerborn died of heart failure in 1960 . In 1961 Heinrich Feuerborn married his former student Dorothea Neuhaus and moved with her to the Hansaviertel . According to the official telephone directory for the district of the Landespostdirektion Berlin, Heinrich Feuerborn lived in 1963 at Händelallee 5 in the Walter-Gropius-Haus in the Hansaviertel at the Großer Tiergarten, which was built in 1957 .

Scientific achievements

Feuerborn initially dealt with limnology and was a member of the International Association for Theoretical and Applied Limnology . Together with August Thienemann and Franz Ruttner , he undertook limnological research trips to Java in 1928 and 1929 , with the support of the Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft , the Kaiser Wilhelm Society for the Promotion of Science and the Prussian Ministry for Science, Art and Education, Sumatra and Bali (German Limnological Sunda Expedition). About this research visit also 1932/1933 of over one-hour documentary shot Insulinde .

During his time in Münster he also developed the theory that the thorax of the two-winged winged wing originally developed from four instead of three segments. He also tried to extend this theory to other insects. To this end, he had some dissertations written , mainly on butterfly mosquitoes , by Heinrich Kemper , among others . Feuerborn's work was often criticized and judged negatively by over 20 experts, for example by Julius Wilhelmi and Hermann Weber in the early twenties, and later by Wolfgang von Buddenbrock-Hettersdorff and Max Hartmann . Today nobody speaks of these theories anymore.

After 1935, Feuerborn devoted himself to nature conservation and other, more political, biology topics. To this end, he founded, among other things, the magazine Natur und Heimat . The first four issues appeared in 1934. Feuerborn was the editor of the magazine up to and including 1937 and wrote numerous articles himself. The magazine still exists today and is currently (as of 2018) published by the LWL Museum für Naturkunde . In Berlin, Feuerborn was in charge of the extensive scientific collections, represented the institute director Friedrich Seidel , who was drafted for military service, and suggested, among other things, hydobiological work, such as the dissertation by Hans Hass .

Feuerborn newly described some animal species, in particular bristle worms ( e.g. Namalycastis ranauensis (Feuerborn, 1932) and Lycastopsis catarractarum Feuerborn, 1932), crustaceans ( e.g. Sesarmaxenos gedehensis Feuerborn, 1931) and butterfly flies ( e.g. Pericoma calcilega Feuerborn, 1923). Some species and genera of butterfly mosquitoes were named after him in his honor, for example Sycorax feuerborni Jung 1954, Feuerbornia Jung 1942 and Feuerborniella Vaillant 1974 as well as the moss animal Reteporella feuerbornii (Hass, 1948). Feuerborn's collection of butterfly mosquitoes, comprising 6,000 specimens on microscope slides, is in the State Museum of Natural History in Stuttgart .

Works (selection)

  • HJ Feuerborn: The larvae of the psychodids or butterfly mosquitoes. A contribution to the ecology of "damp". With 14 text figures and 2 table supplements. In: SIL Proceedings, International Association for Theoretical and Applied Limnology: Negotiations. 1 (1), 1922, pp. 181-213. doi: 10.1080 / 03680770.1923.11896457
  • HJ Feuerborn: The dipteral wing not meso-, but metathoracic? A new morphogenetic interpretation of the dipteran thorax. In: Zoological Yearbooks, Anatomy Department. 42 (4), 1921, pp. 529-546.
  • HJ Feuerborn: The sexual stimulus apparatus (jewelry, fragrance and touch organs) of the psychodids examined according to biological and physiological aspects. At the same time a contribution to the knowledge and physiology of the sensory organs and the organs of the sexual and readiness odor. In: Archives for Natural History. 88 (4), 1922, pp. 1-138.
  • HJ Feuerborn, F. Ruttner, A. Thienemann: Tropical inland waters. Volume 8, 1930. (180 illustrations, 10 plates)
  • HJ Feuerborn: A Rhizocephale and two polychaetes from the fresh water of Java and Sumatra. In: SIL Proceedings. Volume 5, No. 2, 1931, pp. 618-660. doi: 10.1080 / 03680770.1931.11898495
  • HJ Feuerborn: Conservation from National Socialism. In: Nature and Home. 1 (2), 1934, pp. 25-27.
  • HJ Feuerborn: The core of German popular education: biology. In: The Biologist. 6, 1935, pp. 99-105.
  • HJ Feuerborn: The concept of instinct and the archetypes of CG Jung . In: Biologia generalis. 14, Vienna 1939, pp. 456-506.
  • HJ Feuerborn (ed.): Limits of knowledge; A series of publications to promote research and knowledge. With the collaboration of leading specialists. Unger & Domröse, Berlin 1952.

swell

  1. ↑ a b c d Heinrich Jacobfeuerborn: The intrauterine development of the external body shape of the hedgehog: ( Erinaceus europaeus L.) with consideration of the more important internal organs. Dissertation. Munster 1908.
  2. ^ German biography (accessed November 14, 2018)
  3. ^ A b c Lieselotte Steveling: Lawyers in Münster. Lit-Verlag, Münster 1999, ISBN 3-8258-4084-0 , p. 330.
  4. ↑ Self-Portrait in Letters II (1933–1942). S. 114. Edith Stein Archive (accessed November 14, 2018)
  5. ^ Heinrich Jacob Feuerborn: Kattenstroth and the Jacobfeuerborn colony at the turn of the century. In: Gütersloher contributor to local and regional studies. 30/31, 1973, pp. 597-610.
  6. ↑ a b c d e Heinrich Jacob Feuerborn: The Jacobfeuerborn farm in Kattenstroth, its "end" and its importance as ancestral farm of the Schalück clan. In: Gütersloher contributor to local and regional studies. 42/43 1976, pp. 848-853.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Anonymus: On the 90th birthday of Professor Dr. HJ Feuerborn. In: Gütersloher contributor to local and regional studies. 28/29, 1973, pp. 584-587.
  8. ↑ a b Friedrich Volbehr , Richard Weyl : Professors and lecturers at the Christian Albrechts University in Kiel: 1665–1954. 4th edition. (edited by Rudolf Bülck , Hans-Joachim Newiger ). (= Publications of the Schleswig-Holstein University Society. New part 7). Hirt, Kiel 1956.
  9. ↑ a b c d e f g Ute Deichmann : Biologists under Hitler. Revised and expanded edition. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 1995, ISBN 3-596-12597-9 .
  10. ↑ Walther Horn : From the entomological world. In: Works on physiological and applied entomology from Berlin-Dahlem. 3 (2), 1936, pp. 160-162.
  11. ↑ Berlin Address Book, 1943 edition. Part I, p. 638.
  12. ↑ a b c Konrad Herter: Encounters with people and animals. Memoirs of a zoologist 1891–1978. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1979, ISBN 3-428-04549-1 , p. 226.
  13. ^ Official telephone directory for the district of the Landespostdirektion Berlin 1963–1964.
  14. ↑ Insulinde on film portal (accessed January 15, 2019)
  15. ↑ Heinrich Kemper: Morphogenetic investigation of the tracheal system of 'Psychoda phalaenoides' (Diptera): with 8 figures. Regensbergsche Buchdruckerei, Münster i. W. 1925.
  16. ↑ Nature and Home . Downloads of the booklets from volume 1 (1934).
  17. ↑ Rudolf Bährmann : To knowledge of Dipterensammlungen Germany. In: Entomology Contributions. 49 (1), 1999, pp. 173-209.
personal data
SURNAME Feuerborn, Heinrich Jacob
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jacobfeuerborn, Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German zoologist and limnologist
DATE OF BIRTH March 4, 1883
PLACE OF BIRTH Kattenstroth
DATE OF DEATH November 14, 1979
Place of death Berlin