Prora

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Prora
Binz municipality
Coordinates: 54 ° 26 ′ 20 ″  N , 13 ° 34 ′ 30 ″  E
Height : 4 m
Postal code : 18609
Area code : 038393
Aerial view of the Colossus of Prora, general view in the background of the Kleine Jasmunder Bodden
Aerial view of the Colossus of Prora, general view
in the background of the Kleine Jasmunder Bodden
The "Colossus of Prora" from the sea side in 2004 ...
... and in 2019 after the reconstruction
Plan Prora 1945/2009

Prora is a district of the municipality of Binz on Rügen . It is located directly on the Baltic Sea coast in the center of the Prorer Wiek and emerged from the KdF-Seebad Rügen , which was built between 1936 and 1939 but remained unfinished . In the complex, the organization Kraft durch Freude (KdF) should be able to take 20,000 people on vacation at the same time. The beginning of the Second World War in 1939 prevented its completion as a seaside resort. The name is derived from the Prora , a forested range of hills in the southern part of the Schmale Heide .

The "Colossus of Prora" is the core of the complex and originally consisted of eight identical blocks lined up over a length of 4.5 kilometers along the Prorer Wiek. Three blocks were destroyed between 1945 and 1949 except for a few segments. There remained five blocks over a length of around 2.5 kilometers, which were converted and expanded around 1950 under the auspices of the “ Cold War ” to become the “most monumental barracks in the GDR ”. The site was used for military purposes for four decades. Prora became a restricted area.

After 1990 the Bundeswehr wound up the military site. After initial temporary civil use, a large part of the former barracks fell into disrepair. Since 2004, the blocks have been sold individually and converted into residential and hotel complexes. The post-war and GDR history of the place is dealt with together with that of the "former NS-Bad" or "former KdF-Bad" with different approaches. In 2013, the Rügen Natural Heritage Center with a lookout tower was opened to the west of the seaside complex at the historic Prora forest house . On August 17, 2018, the growing holiday resort was officially designated as a “state-approved resort ” and is aiming to be named a “ Baltic Sea resort ”.

location

Prora is located on the Baltic Sea island of Rügen between the towns of Sassnitz and Binz on the Prorer Wiek , a spacious bay on the so-called Schmalen Heide (with the Prora , a wooded chain of hills) that separates the Kleiner Jasmunder Bodden from the Prorer Wiek and the Baltic Sea . The coast of the Schmalen Heide forms a long, flat sandy beach that extends from Binz to the new Sassnitz ferry port in the Neu Mukran district. The area between the buildings and the coast is covered with pine trees and low bushes.

Architecture and conception

and display information about the image
Panorama of the lake side of a block of the Prora complex (the impression of the curvature is created by the close viewpoint and cylinder projection)
and display information about the image
Panorama of the land side of a block of the Prora complex

The contract to build the seaside resort was awarded to the architect Clemens Klotz (1886–1969) following a tender in February 1936 . A total of ten architects were involved in the process, but Klotz had already built other National Socialist propaganda structures and developed plans for this complex in advance on behalf of his sponsor, KdF leader Robert Ley . After the competition, on Hitler's instructions, they were only modified in such a way that the large festival hall was taken from the design by the architect Erich zu Putlitz as a further central element and architecturally adapted. The overall design was awarded a Grand Prix at the Paris World Exhibition in 1937 . It was changed during construction until 1939; for example, the aforementioned festival hall was dispensed with.

Typical room from the time the building was in use on the fourth floor (status: November 2010)

The plans envisaged building eight, each 550-meter-long, six-story, completely similar blocks of houses with a total of 10,000 guest rooms to accommodate the holidaymakers. This elongated construction, extending over about five kilometers along the coastline, was intended to ensure that all rooms had a sea view, while the corridors faced the land side. The planned furnishing of the 2.25 m × 4.75 m large rooms, two of which could be connected by a door, was quite sparse by today's standards: two beds, a sitting area, a cupboard and a hand washbasin. Further sanitary facilities were found in the landward stairwells of the blocks. All guest rooms should have speakers.

From the uniformity of the architecture of the guest blocks and the very functional furnishings, which together allowed construction according to the modular principle, it becomes clear that here, unlike in other major National Socialist projects, at least in this part of the complex, functionality was placed above architecture .

According to the totalitarian claim of the system, life in the holiday complex should take place in the community. For this purpose, communal buildings with catering and utility rooms as well as bowling alleys and reading rooms were planned, which were to protrude from the front of the houses at regular intervals like a breakwater. Open, heatable halls within the bed wing should make the holiday more independent of the weather. Two wave swimming pools , a cinema and several restaurants were to be built as additional community facilities. Other central elements of the facility were the parade ground planned in the middle between the blocks and the quayside , which should enable small boats to be moored. Contrary to some propaganda drawings, seaside resort ships cannot navigate the flat Prorer Wiek. In parallel to the facilities for vacationers, the complete infrastructure had to be built for such a number of people. For this purpose, a train station, staff and farm buildings were planned and also partially realized inland.

From the original planning of the main complex until the beginning of the Second World War, only the ward houses and the southern perimeter of the fairgrounds could be completed, and even these only in the shell. Construction director and senior site manager was Willi Heidrich. After the war, the southernmost block, which did not have all the planned floors, but which had been expanded for resettlers towards the end of the war, was blown up and demolished by the Red Army. The two northern blocks were left in ruins after being blown up. In the other blocks, too, material was massively demolished, some of which was used for local homes. Around 1950 up to 19,000 helpers, including the barracked people's police , were involved in the renovation of the "KdF ruins". "Strictly speaking, there was no question of buildings, after all, it was only the half-finished and the blown blocks". While maintaining the contours of the planned beds and stairwells, but with bricking of the planned reclining halls and changed spatial interior design, the blocks were rebuilt and the later face of the barracks was created. “The expansion in the 50s was amateurish and in no way according to the original plans. The original design, which was only partially implemented, can hardly be recognized in the remains. ”By 1956, the partially destroyed shell structures of five blocks had been completed. The planned theater building on Block III was redesigned into a festival hall (later the "House of the Army"). As GDR contemporary witnesses report, the shielded, later gray-brown plastered large barracks had made a deep impression on them and in some cases made them fearful. "What power must 'the party' (note: the SED ) have, I felt," writes a former sergeant. Some slogans from the 1950s reappeared during the gutting, for example: “FDJ'ler! Fulfills the oath of the III. World Festival of Youth! Be steadfast patriots “ The white letters on a red background disappeared again under the plaster, now under that of today's houses Verando and Flora (Block II).

Today the entire complex is a listed building . However, only the unfinished KdF model is de facto protected, so that the actual history of use by the NVA is not taken into account. This was heavily criticized by historian Stefan Wolter , whereupon the history of use is to be given greater attention in the renovation of Block V - especially in the area of ​​the planned education center.

  • Prora ruins

  • Side view

  • Reconstruction of a planned room from the KdF period, which was never actually implemented

  • View along a typical barracks corridor

  • View of the sea from a window on the upper floors

history

construction

The KdF seaside resort of Rügen during the construction phase

The areas required for the seaside resort of Rügen were acquired from Malte zu Putbus by the KdF organization as early as 1935 . The foundation stone was laid on May 2, 1936, although the tender for the building project was still running at that time. The date was deliberately chosen so early because it was the symbolic third anniversary of the union's break-up . The actual work only began six months later.

In the three years between 1936 and 1939 the eight guest blocks were built. Nine renowned construction companies ( Philipp Holzmann , Hochtief , Dyckerhoff & Widmann , Siemens-Bauunion , Boswau & Knauer , DEUBAU , Sager & Woerner , Polensky & Zöllner , Beton- und Monierbau ) were involved in the construction work. At times 9,000 construction workers were working at the KdF seaside resort of Rügen . Apart from the company Sager & Woerner (construction of the quay), all other construction companies involved each erected a block, a kind of competition for the fastest construction work developed.

At that time, the construction work received international attention. For example, at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1937 , a model of the Prora seaside resort was awarded a Grand Prix . At this point it became apparent that the cost limit set by DAF boss Robert Ley of 50 million Reichsmarks (40 million marks for construction and 10 million marks for equipment) would be significantly exceeded. A “cost summary for the new construction of the KdF seaside resort of Rügen” drawn up by the KdF construction management in 1938 put the construction costs at 237.5 million marks (adjusted for purchasing power in today's currency: around 1,029 million euros).

When the war began in 1939, construction work was largely stopped. With the exception of one block, the shell of the eight apartment blocks, the southern perimeter of the fairground development and the quay was already completed, but not the swimming pools, the festival hall and large parts of the farm buildings. They were never realized. The most necessary securing work was carried out on the building shell, then construction work was finally stopped. The construction material delivered remained on site, which suggests a planned resumption of work after the end of the war. It took place a few years later under the completely changed conditions of the Cold War, in that five blocks were rebuilt from the shell structures, which had meanwhile been largely dismantled and looted, to form a large barracks for the GDR military. This second construction phase shaped the face of the large buildings until 2010, when the construction of a youth hostel began to complete the seaside resort.

1939 to 1945

During the war, part of the complex's later residential buildings served as a training facility for air force helpers and a police battalion . The rough building blocks of the colossus remained uninhabitable. In 1943, parts of the southern block were expanded in order to create replacement quarters for Hamburgers bombed out as part of Operation Gomorrah . From 1944, the Wehrmacht maintained a small hospital in Prora . Towards the end of the war, refugees from the eastern regions also found a place to stay in Prora, again mostly in the later residential buildings.

1945 to 1990

When the Soviet Union took control of Rügen in May 1945 , the facility was initially used to intern large landowners and then to accommodate people displaced from their homeland from the eastern regions . Parts of the facilities were dismantled for removal as war repairs. Between 1948 and 1953 the site was used by the Red Army , which blew up and removed the southernmost shell. Massive demolitions were also carried out on the two northernmost blocks. One segment of the penultimate block remained, about half of the last block remained badly damaged. This partly shows the state of the shell structure before its completion to the barracks around 1950. The Soviet 13th Panzerjäger Brigade was stationed there.

In the first years after the Second World War, the future use of the complex was still publicly discussed. It was suggested that it should be expanded into a recreational area. "If you consider that workers' money of around 60 million marks was spent on these buildings, there can hardly be any other goal than to further expand this bathing facility for the working people," it said in a press report. The use as an industrial area was also discussed. Soon afterwards, however, the military expansion of the facility was decided. After claims by the Free German Trade Union Confederation (FDGB) had been rejected, there was an infantry school in Prora for almost 1,000 men as early as 1949. In 1950 this resulted in a barracked police readiness, which was integrated into the barracked people's police, founded in 1952 . The GDR's National People's Army (NVA) emerged from it in 1956 . For the first time in its history, Prora housed around 10,000 men. The area around the Prora blocks was declared a restricted area around 1950 . At times, up to 19,000 people were busy rebuilding five blocks of the largely dismantled seaside resort. In 1956 the KdF ruins were converted into barracks, and further expansion continued into the 1980s. Only now did the blocks receive rooms, doors, windows, installations and the gray rough plaster that is still visible today.

Initially, military combat units were stationed in Prora, including the Motorized Rifle Regiment 29 (MSR-29) , which was used to secure the construction of the Berlin Wall . Starting in 1960 (at first disguised, until 1962 officially) until 1982 was in Block V at the site of today's youth hostel Prora the Luftsturmregiment 40 , an elite unit of the NVA land forces , dislocated . From the end of the 1970s, the barracks were mainly used for military training. From November 1982 construction units that were used in the construction of the Mukran ferry port were stationed in Block V. Immediately next to them, in the southern section of Block V, one of the largest reserve training regiments in the GDR was stationed. In the neighboring Block IV, soldiers from politically friendly developing countries such as Ethiopia and Mozambique have been trained for foreign currency in the officers' college for foreign military cadres "Otto Winzer" since 1981 . The NVA's "Erich Habersaath" military technical school was located in Prora-Ost . The southern part of the facility (today: Block I) was available to members of the NVA and border troops as a rest home, camping site, children's holiday camp and holiday resort.

Since 1990

Prora Museum Mile, 2004
Youth hostel, 2012

After German reunification in 1990, the Bundeswehr took over the complex, stopped using it at the end of 1992 and left Prora. The facility has been open to the public since the beginning of 1993. In 1994 the complex was one of the greatest legacies of the Nazi regime under monument protection provided. Since the Federal Property Administration was initially unable to sell the listed buildings, only the absolutely necessary security measures were carried out on large parts of the facility. An exception to this was initially only Block 3, Prora Mitte , which houses the Prora Museum Mile with a KdF Museum (Museum Prora) , NVA Museum, Rügen Museum and various special exhibitions, the Rügenfreunde picture gallery and a Viennese coffee house. A “hands-on museum” operated by Joachim Wernicke was closed in 2004, as was the boxing museum located there. Between 1993 and 1999 the largest youth hostel in Europe was located here , and from 2002 the One World Camp Youth Hostel . In 2011 a new youth hostel was opened in the northernmost part of the complex (Block V).

Documentation centers

Staircase in the southern part of the building,
taken in 2010

The Prora documentation center has been located in the southern development of the fairground, next to the former NVA house - once planned as a theater - after the Berlin city planner Jürgen Rostock in particular had worked on this facility for the history of the KdF since 1990. Operated by the “Stiftung Neue Kultur” until 2012, it is now a non-profit organization. In addition to special exhibitions, the permanent exhibition “MACHTUrlaub - Das KdF-Seebad Rügen and the German National Community ” is shown, in which the planning and early construction history of the facility is documented. Both the background of the project and its use by National Socialist propaganda are discussed. Numerous symposia also dealt with the future of the place. The aim was to anchor the "KdF-Bad" as a memorial to the social and architectural history of the Third Reich and a mixed use of the same by trade, art, culture and living. In addition, the Prora Documentation Center has been organizing an annual meeting week between former Polish forced laborers deployed on Rügen (hardly in Prora) and students from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania since 2001 and is active in educational work. Until 2014, the chairman of the Prora Documentation Center was the historian, publicist and rabbi Andreas Nachama . The scientific advisory board of the Documentation Center includes the architectural historian Wolfgang Schächen , the political scientist Johannes Tuchel and the contemporary historians Peter Steinbach , Wolfgang Benz and Hans-Ulrich Thamer .

In 2001 historians of the Documentation Center founded the competing association Prora-Zentrum under the leadership of the then District Administrator Kerstin Kassner and supported by the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Political Memorial Office . In 2007 the PRORA-ZENTRUM Education - Documentation - Research moved into a provisional workshop and exhibition room at today's youth hostel (Block V), where it conducts historical and political educational work, shows exhibitions and organizes tours through the historic site. Supported by the association, an educational and meeting center was to be opened in the former barracks in 2011, although the selection process in favor of the association was controversial. Since then, the Prora Center has also devoted itself to the history of the GDR, for example an exhibition on the Prora construction soldiers. The planned education center has not yet come about, since 2016 the association has been running its exhibition in the former guard building in front of Block V and the last detention cells from the time of the military site, which were placed under monument protection at the initiative of the Denk-MAL-Prora initiative. In the meantime, Block V has also been approved for privatization by the district council, subject to the creation of a memorial and educational site.

Sales, new uses

Refurbished apartment blocks, 2014

Since 2004, further blocks of the plant have been sold individually. On September 23, 2004, Block VI was sold to an unknown bidder for 625,000  euros . Block III, the former museum mile, was sold on February 23, 2005 to Inselbogen GmbH , which subsequently announced the operators of the museums located there and announced that it would be used as a hotel and cultural establishment. In October 2006, blocks I and II were sold to Prora Projektentwicklungs GmbH in Binz. Block I had already sold this in advance to the Austrian investor Johann Christian Haas, who provided the financial means. The development plan was developed together. The new owners' plans were primarily for apartments in the two blocks south of the current Museum Mile. A mixture of culture, art, gastronomy, small businesses and shopping opportunities was planned for the ground floor. After completing the planning and achieving planning security, Haas sold Block I again. At an auction on March 31, 2012, the property was acquired by a Berlin investor for 2.75 million euros.

Corridor on the fourth floor of the southern part of the building, 2010

In November 2006, the Federal Agency for Real Estate Tasks concluded a purchase agreement for Block V with the Rügen district . The Rügen district intended to build a youth hostel with around 400 beds for the DJH in Block V with financial support from the federal government, the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and the EU . An international youth campground with 250 places has been open since September 2007.

On March 15, 2008, a high ropes course opened on the 3.7 hectare coastal forest area of ​​the complex . A total of 460,000 euros were invested in the construction of the new sports facility.

In the northern part of the complex (Block V), the long-planned, large youth hostel with 402 beds in 96 rooms was opened in five adjoining buildings in July 2011 and in November 2011 the last of five blocks was given to a private German investor by the Federal Real Estate Agency sold.

In September 2016, the construction of a 104-meter high residential tower was rejected by a clear majority in a referendum in the municipality of Binz. A private investor wanted to build the tallest house on the island of Rügen behind the buildings of the seaside resort with the Binz book tower. Critics feared that the appearance of the place would be spoiled and that it would be copied in other parts of the island.

The company carrying out the renovation, “Wohnen in Prora Vermögensverwaltungs GmbH & Co. KG”, a subsidiary of the “Irisgerd” company, filed for preliminary insolvency in August 2018, when the bank loan was largely not extended.

Denk-MAL-Prora initiative

Memorial plaque on the multipurpose building of the Prora Youth Hostel

Inspired by the publication Behind the Horizon Alone - The Prince of Prora , the initiative Denk-MAL-Prora was founded in 2008 around the Berlin historian and book author Stefan Wolter . The aim was to recall the history of use of what was once the largest barracks site in the GDR. As a result of the installation of a memorial plaque and monument protection in the sense of the "double past", including the ensemble of the former guard in front of Block IV, including the monument to Otto Winzer , the namesake of the NVA college for foreign officers, the view of the facility is decisive changed. 2011–2014 the series Denk-MAL-Prora documented the approach to the history of expansion and use of the place associated with repression and opposition, which had largely fallen out of view. It complains that the Prora Youth Hostel is still being kept free of the site's usage history. The reviews and documentation in the series are now often linked. This is how the first television production on the double story of the colossus Prora - Naziseebad and restricted area in the RBB series Mysterious Places (2012) was created following the “Secret Notes of a Building Soldier in Prora” (series of publications, Volume 2 ). In 2014, two so-called “time splinters” from the history of the construction soldiers were made accessible to the public in the outdoor area of ​​the youth hostel , including a detention cell secured by Denk-MAL-Prora . In 2016, the initiative submitted an online petition to the state government of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, among others, with more than 15,000 signatories who spoke out in favor of preserving the historically grown face of Block V. After the state government had confirmed the additional inclusion of interior fittings from the barracks usage time of the block in the list of monuments (based on an earlier application by the initiative), a "supplementary application" was submitted based on this petition with regard to the preservation of the external appearance of the block (gray-brown rough plaster) .

Others

  • The National Socialists based themselves on ideas from the time of the Weimar Republic , comparable to the construction of the autobahn, which was also exploited for propaganda purposes. The introduction of paid vacation entitlement in the 1920s made tourism for the working population possible in the first place. The plans from the 1920s also included the Rügen dam , the construction of which began in 1931 and which created the logistical prerequisites for allowing 20,000 holidaymakers to arrive and depart at the same time.
  • Contrary to popular belief , the name Prora is not an acronym like Napola , but the name of the surrounding landscape and namesake for the Prorer Wiek .
  • Although Prora was one of the flagship projects of the KdF organization, Hitler never came to the construction site. In contrast, the first and only President of the GDR , Wilhelm Pieck , came to Prora in the course of the rebuilding of the blocks to thank the up to 19,000 workers. In 1990 the future Chancellor Angela Merkel was nominated as a direct candidate for the German Bundestag in the Prora barracks .
  • The cornerstone of Prora was never found. According to old photos and reports, it should be in the area around the quays. The original plans were lost in the turmoil at the end of the war.
  • At the northern end of the complex are the fenced-in ruins of two blocks: of the penultimate block, only the torso of a planned reclining hall remains, which was used as a workshop by the NVA (after the core of the complex was expanded into a large barracks) . As a result of explosions and exercises by the Soviet Army, only six segments remain from the last block, which later served as a training area for the NVA paratroopers. Only the southernmost block, which, unlike the rest of the ward blocks, had never reached its planned number of floors, was completely blown up and removed.
  • The rumor that the facility could not be blown up and removed persisted both in the GDR and in the reunified Federal Republic of Germany. It was refuted both by the explosions in 1948 and by the complete demolition of the dining and ballrooms of the NVA rest home (now known as Block I), which was known among high-ranking military personnel at home and abroad. The two sections were named " Lying halls ”(according to previous plans) meanwhile added.
  • Prora was explicitly mentioned in the second four-year plan of the National Socialists and thus had the highest priority in the allocation of funds. Goering personally was responsible for the four-year plan. This becomes understandable when one takes into account that Prora should serve as a hospital in the event of war . The restaurant wings, which should extend towards the lake, could have been converted into operating theaters, for example. The plans allegedly provided for necessary installations. The beds in the hotel rooms were hospital standard beds, and the elevators were supposed to hold two hospital beds at the same time. However, the lack of air raid shelters and bunkers speaks against any longer war use .
  • Rumors of a submarine passage under the island in the Prora complex were systematically spread before 1989. These rumors are to be understood against the background of the Rügenhafen project . It was planned to let submarines enter the passage through a lock off the coast. This “politically useful” rumor served the NVA, among other things, to legitimize post-war military use , since otherwise the FDGB could have asserted claims for use. Due to the lack of the original plans and the fact that some basements are inaccessible due to flooding, these and similar theories were promoted. However, the very large shallow water area in front of the beach, which has a water depth of less than 2 meters around 500 meters from the shore, as well as the heavy silting of the Baltic Sea coast, which can also be understood from aerial photographs, speak against use by submarines.
  • The Lietzow – Binz railway line , which opened in May 1939, was built to develop the seaside resort . The KdF-Seebad Rügen station , today's Prora station, was built along the route . In the course of reparations payments, the tracks were dismantled after the war and later relocated. The Prora station building is also a post-war building. 1987–1989 the line was electrified. After the Second World War, the Prora Ost stop in the southeast of the complex went into operation.
  • The construction of a subway to develop the extensive facility was mentioned by Robert Ley in 1936, but there is no evidence of an actual project planning. The basement floors are unsuitable for the operation of a subway, later planning was based on bus traffic within the seaside resort.
  • Prora must officially resort call and charges such as tax and tourist tax levy

literature

  • Hartmut E. Arras: Prora development concept for Rügen: [Needs and economic feasibility study] / [STERN Society of Cautious Urban Renewal. http://www.stern-berlin.com/ Red .: Hartmut E. Arras…]. STERN, Berlin 1997.
  • Gabi Dolff-Bonekämper : The KdF-Bad Prora on Rügen. And: an experiment on architecture and morality. In: Annette Tietenberg (Ed.): “The work of art as a history document.” Festschrift for Hans-Ernst Mittig. Klinkhardt & Biermann, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-7814-0419-6 , pp. 144-157.
  • Martin Kaule: Prora. History and present of the "KdF-Seebads Rügen". Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-86153-767-0 .
  • Bernfried Lichtnau: Prora - Germany's first KdF bath: Prora on Rügen. The unfinished project of the 1st KdF seaside resort in Germany. 3rd, act. Edition. Greifswald 1995, ISBN 3-930066-33-5 .
  • Hendrik Liersch : A voluntary visit - as a construction soldier in Prora. 2nd Edition. Verlag amBATion / Randlage 2003, ISBN 3-928357-06-9 .
  • Jürgen Rostock, Franz Zadniček: Paradise ruins - The KdF seaside resort of the twenty thousand on Rügen . Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-86153-414-3 .
  • Hasso Spode : A seaside resort for twenty thousand people. On the grammar and history of the Fordist vacation. In: Peter J. Brenner (Ed.): Travel culture in Germany. From the Weimar Republic to the “Third Reich”. Max-Niemeier-Verlag, Tübingen 1997, ISBN 3-484-10764-2 .
  • Hasso Spode, Albrecht Steinecke: The Nazi community “Strength through Joy”. In: To the sun, to freedom! Contributions to the history of tourism. Verlag für Universitäre Kommunikation, Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-928077-10-4 .
  • Hasso Spode: Fordism, Mass Tourism and the Third Reich: the Strength through Joy Seaside Resort as an Index Fossil. In: Journal of Social History. 38, 2004, pp. 127-155.
  • Joachim Wernicke, Uwe Schwartz: The colossus of Prora on Rügen - yesterday - today - tomorrow. 3rd, extended u. updated edition. Langewiesche, Prora / Königstein im Taunus. 2015, ISBN 978-3-7845-4903-3 .
  • Rainer Wilkens: Built utopia of power. The example of Prora. In: Romana Schneider, Wilfried Wang (Hrsg.): Modern architecture in Germany 1900 to 2000. Exhibition power and monument. (Frankfurt am Main: German Architecture Museum January 24 - April 5, 1998). Hatje, Ostfildern-Ruit 1998, ISBN 3-7757-0713-1 , p. 117 ff.
  • Stefan Wolter: Prora - In the middle of the story. Volume I: The southern colossus and the culture of remembrance. Norderstedt 2015, ISBN 978-3-7386-3237-8 .
  • Stefan Wolter: Prora - In the middle of the story. Volume II: The northern colossus with youth hostel. Norderstedt 2015, ISBN 978-3-7386-2981-1 .

See also

Web links

Commons : Prora  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Stefan Wolter: Resurrected from KdF ruins. The “large-scale Stalinist barracks” Prora and its reception today . In: State Office for Culture and Monument Preservation Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Ed.): Alles Platte? Architecture in the north of the GDR as a cultural heritage . Crl. Links-Verlag Berlin, 2018, pp. 156–172, here p. 156
  2. ↑ Frank Pubantz, Alexander Loew: pier, marina, hotels Prora to be super seaside resort. In: Ostsee-Zeitung online. April 2, 2016, accessed April 16, 2017 .
  3. ↑ Sale of the last Prora block met with criticism , In: Schweriner Volkszeitung online . April 6, 2016, accessed August 12, 2018.
  4. ↑ The monster by the sea. What will become of Prora? , In: 3sat Kulturzeit , October 2, 2014 (author Nico Weber), accessed on August 12, 2018.
  5. ↑ Matthias Stark, Niemandsland Prora, 2018, p. 154 ff.
  6. ↑ Holiday complex on Rügen is named a resort , In: Focus online . July 16, 2018, accessed August 12, 2018.
  7. ↑ Jürgen Rostock, Franz Zadnicek: Paradise ruins . Ch.links publishing house, p. 60.
  8. ↑ Wolfgang Buddrus (Ed.): Happy holidays for all children: Summer camps in the GDR. 2015, ISBN 978-3-7347-9126-0 , p. 63 f.
  9. ↑ Gritt Brosowski: The National Socialist Community “Strength through Joy” and the first “KdF” seaside resort Prora on Rügen. In: Fundus - forum for history and its sources. 4/1999, p. 291. (online)
  10. ↑ Stefan Wolter, Prora-Inmitten der Geschichte, 2015, p. 151.
  11. ↑ Ibid., P. 103 f.
  12. ↑ a b Stefan Wolter: The monster by the sea is being renovated on Rügen. In: tagesspiegel.de. August 10, 2014, accessed April 26, 2018 .
  13. ^ Dirk Handorf: Letter from the State Office for Culture and Monument Preservation. In: Denk Mal Prora. May 4, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2018 .
  14. ↑ Johannes Schweikle: Large block and small diamond. In: The time. 47/2007.
  15. ↑ Ndr: Prora - The "Colossus of Rügen". In: ndr.de. January 2, 2018, accessed November 21, 2018 .
  16. ↑ Stefan Wolter: Never again Rügen. In: Zeit Online . June 24, 2010.
  17. ↑ What will become of Mukran? In: New Time . August 19, 1949, p. 4.
  18. ↑ proraer-bausoldaten.de
  19. ^ Maik Trettin: German-Polish encounters also very private. In: Ostsee-Zeitung . April 24, 2009.
  20. ^ Advisory board on the website of the Prora Documentation Center.
  21. ↑ press release. In: denk-mal-prora.de.
  22. ↑ Stefan Wolter: Ashes on your head! About the fight against the collective suppression of GDR history from Prora on Rügen. 2012, available at: http://www.denk-mal-prora.de/AscheaufsHaupt2012.pdf p. 115 ff.
  23. ↑ Press release on the award ceremony at the Prora Center
  24. ↑ Block 5 of Prora is to be sold. Retrieved April 17, 2017 .
  25. ↑ Prora block auctioned for 2.75 million euros. In: Ostsee-Zeitung online. March 31, 2012, accessed March 31, 2012 .
  26. ^ Prora on Rügen: The denazified concrete monster. In: Der Spiegel . May 15, 2007.
  27. ↑ Prora international youth campground officially opened. ( Memento of May 8, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) In: Der Rüganer. September 26, 2007.
  28. ^ Youth hostel opened in a Nazi building in Prora. NDR, July 4th 2011.
  29. ^ Nazi holiday complex Prora has been completely sold. In: Welt Online . November 3, 2011, accessed December 22, 2011.
  30. ^ Rügen: No to high-rise plans. In: Spiegel Online . September 5, 2016, accessed November 4, 2016.
  31. ↑ Prora: Citizens vote against the 104-meter tower. In: ndr.de . 4th September 2016.
  32. ↑ http://www.ostsee-zeitung.de/Vorpommern/Ruegen/Umbau-von-Prora-Wichtiger-Investor-ist-pleite
  33. ↑ Stefan Wolter: Behind the horizon alone - the "Prince" of Prora: experiences of an NVA construction soldier . Projects Verlag, Halle 2005, ISBN 978-3-938227-96-1 .
  34. ↑ Memory needs a place to relate to. In: Contemporary history regional. Volume 13, 2009, pp. 85-94.
  35. ↑ Stefan Wolter: Prora - from the “double trauma” in the struggle to remember to the first approaches for a successful turnaround. In: Contemporary history regional. Messages from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. 2/10 Volume 14, pp. 61-69.
  36. ↑ Application from May 26, 2011 (PDF file), quoted at denk-mal-prora.de
  37. ↑ Letter from the State Office for Culture and the Preservation of Monuments to the Lower Monument Protection Authority in Bergen dated August 15, 2011 (PDF file, scanned image document), quoted at denk-mal-prora.de
  38. ↑ Andreas Montag: The monster house makes the state. In: Mitteldeutsche Zeitung. October 14, 2010.
  39. ↑ Andreas Montag: Prora is reminiscent of NVA construction soldiers. In: Mitteldeutsche Zeitung. November 23, 2010.
  40. ↑ Literature by and about Prora in the catalog of the German National Library
  41. ↑ A Construction Soldier's Secret. Leipziger Volkszeitung, 18./19. August 2012.
  42. ↑ Stefan Wolter: The monster by the sea. In: Der Tagesspiegel . August 8, 2014.
  43. ↑ Gerit Herold: Time splinters begin with a view of the detention cell. In: Ostsee-Zeitung. 23rd August 2014.
  44. ^ Online petition Prora Needs Culture , April 3, 2016.
  45. ↑ Supplementary application of May 24, 2016 (PDF file), quoted at denk-mal-prora.de
  46. ^ Frank Pergande: constituency 15: The hand on turbot. In: FAZ.net. July 15, 2009, accessed March 2, 2016 .
  47. ↑ a b Jürgen Rostock, Franz Zadnicek: Paradise ruins . Ch.links Verlag, p. 104.
  48. ↑ Jürgen Rostock, Franz Zadnicek: Paradise ruins . Ch. Links Verlag, p. 107 ff.
  49. ↑ Rügen: Prora is now officially a resort NDR.de, August 17, 2018
This version was added to the list of articles worth reading on January 25, 2006 .