170 e regiment d'infanterie
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170 e regiment d'infanterie |
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|---|---|
  Regimental badge |
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| active | July 22, 1794 to April 30, 1994 |
| Country |
 France
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| Armed forces |
.svg){kind=small} French army
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| Branch of service | infantry |
| Type | Infantry regiment |
| Insinuation | 11 e division d'infanterie (1940) |
| Location | Golbey , Epinal |
| Patron saint | Saint-Maurice d'Agaune |
| motto | Terrain conquis, terrain gardé |
| Awards | Croix de guerre 1914-1918 |
The 170 e régiment d'infanterie was an infantry regiment that existed from 1794 to 1994. It was a unit of the French Army and was in service with interruptions from the Revolution until 1994. It was set up as "170 e demi-brigade de bataille" in the course of the reorganization of the French army on the occasion of the premier amalgams . However, the roots go back to the Régiment d'Enghien (established in 1706) of the royal army of the Ancien Régime .
Lineup and significant changes
- On July 22, 1794, the Armée du Rhin (Rhine Army) set up the "170 e demi-brigade" of three battalions. The 1st battalion consisted of volunteers from Chaumont (Haute-Marne) , the second from an active battalion of the " 93 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne (ci-devant Enghien)" and the 3rd battalion from the 10th battalion of volunteers of the Jura department .
With the reorganization of 1795/1796 the unit was divided again. The 1st battalion was used to set up the "26 e demi-brigade d'infanterie", the 2nd battalion to set up the "69 e demi-brigade d'infanterie" and the 3rd battalion to set up the "12 e demi-brigade d'infanterie ”is used.
- April 15, 1913 : Re-establishment of the "170 e régiment d'infanterie" from the 4th battalion of the 21 e régiment d'infanterie , the 44 e régiment d'infanterie , the 69 e régiment d'infanterie and the 149 e régiment d ' infantry
- 1914 : During the mobilization , the 370 e régiment d'infanterie was set up as the first reserve regiment.
- August 6, 1940 : Dissolution in Limoges
- July 1, 1964 : Re-established in Épinal by renaming the 7 e régiment de tirailleurs algériens (7th Algerian Rifle Regiment). The tradition of the “170 e demi-brigade” and the “170 e régiment d'infanterie”, but not the “7 e régiment de tirailleurs algériens”, was adopted.
- May 1, 1994 : Dissolution by renaming to 1 er régiment de tirailleurs
Regimental commanders
- 1913: Colonel Pichoud
- January 22, 1915-18. September 1915: Lieutenant-colonel Naulin
- 1915-1916: Colonel Bertrand
- 1916: Lieutenant-Colonel Lavigne Delville
- 1916: Lieutenant-colonel Beaudenom de Lamaze
- 1917: Colonel Tisserand
- 1918: Lieutenant-colonel Charlet (fallen)
- 1939: Colonel Raoul Blasselle
- 1964-1965: Colonel de Lardemelle
- 1965-1967: Colonel Portail
- 1967-1969: Colonel Deabriges
- 1969–1971: Colonel de Chatillon
- 1971–1973: Lieutenant-Colonel Bart
- 1973-1975: Colonel Monnier
- 1975-1977: Colonel Amblard
- 1977-1979: Colonel Danigo
- 1979-1981: Colonel Paulin
- 1981-1983: Colonel Momon
- 1983-1985: Colonel Mougenot
- 1985-1987: Colonel Bouard
- 1987-1989: Colonel Bodin
- 1989-1991: Colonel Laforcade
- 1991-1993: Colonel Richard
- 1993-1994: Colonel Gendras
Mission history
Coalition wars
In 1795 and 1796 the 170 e demi-brigade was used in the battles of the Armée des Alpes and the Armée d'Italie . With the reorganization of "18 nivôse an IV" (January 8, 1796) it was dissolved.
First World War
- 1914
- Garrison in Epinal
- The regiment was intended to garrison the forts of the fixed place Épinal .
- After a defense of Épinal was not necessary, it was withdrawn and used on the front. It belonged from February 1915 to December 1916 to the 49th Infantry Division and from December 1916 to November 1918 to the 167th Infantry Division.
- "Border battles" in Alsace . The regiment was one of the units that advanced into German territory and briefly took Mühlhausen .
- A first battle took place on September 24 at Merviller (Meurthe-et-Moselle). The unit recorded its first of a total of 2,816 casualties.
- Withdrawal to the Meuse: between October 16 and November 4, fighting at Cousances-au-Bois - Ménil-aux-Bois
- 1915
- Winter battle in Champagne : fighting on the Côte 196 (beginning of March), at Le Mesnil-les-Hurlus - Bois Jaune Brûlé (mid-March)
- End of April / beginning of May: trench warfare at Les Éparges
- May / June: trench warfare in Artois near Notre-Dame de Lorette, June to September near Angres and Vingré
- Autumn battle in Champagne : September 28th to November 23rd, trench warfare at Souain and Sommepy
- 1916
- Battle of Verdun : defensive battles at Eix , Douaumont (February 25), in the Bois de la Caillette and at the Ouvrage de Thiaumont (April 27)
- Summer battle : aggressive battles at the Ferme de Monacu (July), trench warfare near Cléry-sur-Somme and in the Bois des Berlingots (October / November)
- 1917
- Position battles on the Aisne near Loivre and in the Bois de Séchamp
- 1918
- Offensive on the Aisne (July 18 to 28): Attack battles near Beuvardes . Aggressive battles in Champagne : Butte de Souain, Ferme Médéah (August), Crête d'Orfeuil (October), La Recouvrance (October 29)
- On September 28th, the regimental commander, Lieutenant-Colonel Charlet, died near Sommepy.
- The grenadiers of the Prussian Guard, with whom the regiment met three times, gave it the nickname "Death Terns" (Hirondelles de la mort).
- On November 11th, the regiment marched to the Aisne and took up quarters in Trépail . During the past four years it had lost 88 officers as well as 2802 NCOs and men in the dead.
Interwar period
After the end of the war, the regiment was assigned to the occupation forces in Germany and Kehl was assigned as a garrison. In 1930 it returned to France and was stationed in Épinal, Remiremont and Gérardmer .
Second World War
- 1939: The regiment belonged to the 11th Infantry Division, Région Militaire, "Center Mobilisateur d'infanterie"; active RI type NE. It was put into a state of war when the "CMI 205" Remiremont - Épinal was mobilized .
- When war was declared, the border guard unit moved to the Saar , where they participated in the seated war in the Forbach sector until May 16, 1940 .
- From June 8 to 12, the regiment fought against the German advance on the Aisne , with a major battle at Croutoy on June 9 .
- The "170. Infantry Division ", it withdrew with this as far as Limoges , where it was disbanded on August 6, 1940.
- The "170 e RI" suffered heavy losses, with more than 1,000 men killed, wounded or missing.
post war period
On July 1, 1964, the regiment from the dissolved "7 e régiment de tirailleurs algériens" was reorganized in Épinal.
In 1967 the support company was stationed in Rambervillers .
From March to April 1967 it was used for beach cleaning after the environmental disaster in the Torrey Canyon .
In April 1993, the 1st Battalion under the command of the 7th Panzer Division in Besançon was assigned as part of the "Force de protection des Nations unies pour l'ex-Yougoslavie" (FORPRONU - UN Protection Force in Ex-Yugoslavia, third mandate). The deployment lasted six months, the battalion consisted of 250 men in a battalion staff, two combat companies and various logistics and administrative details. They were used to maintain peace between the Krajina Serbs and the Croats . The area of responsibility extended specifically to the Gračac (Zadar) and Glina region . 170 men volunteered for this operation.
On May 1, 1994, the name was changed to "1 er régiment de tirailleurs" in honor of all soldiers from North Africa. It was mainly dedicated to the former members of the “7 e régiment de tirailleurs algériens”.
Regimental flag
On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.
Awards
The flag ribbon is decorated with the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with four palm branches for four honorable mention in the army command and with the Fourragère in the colors of the Médaille militaire (General Order No. 134 F of November 13, 1918, given by Général Maistre, the commanding officer the central army group).
Motto
terrain gained, terrain held
Personalities who served in the regiment
Maintenance of tradition
In this case the “170 e demi-brigade de bataille” sees the very idiosyncratic and complicated form of maintaining tradition in the French army as the tribe of the regiment, although apart from the number it has nothing in common with the regiment.
Footnotes
- ↑ The reserve regiments carried the regimental number of their parent unit, which was increased by a factor of 200
- ↑ Regulation No. 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply industry. Published with the Official Army Bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007
- ^ Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A by Michèle Alliot-Marie
literature
- Général Andolenko: À partir du Recueil d'historiques de l'infanterie française. Eurimprim, 1969.
- L'Hirondelle. Journal of the Association des anciens (engagés et appelés) des “170 e RI”.
- Declaration à la préfecture des Vosges . Previous title: Amicale régionale de Lorraine des anciens des 170 e et 174 e RI. Current title: Amicale des anciens du 170 e régiment d'infanterie. New Purpose: “To enable those who have served on the 170 e RI to meet again, to maintain the bonds of camaraderie that were forged during their service, and to remember the memories of the 170 e RI “To keep it alive, it seeks to maintain relations with the 1 er régiment de tirailleurs in Épinal, created in 1994 from the 170 e IR by changing the number.” Registered office: 7 rue Lormont, 88000 Épinal. Date of declaration: May 16, 2008.