Alexander Ivanovich Makarewski

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Alexander Ivanovich Makarewski ( Russian Александр Иванович Макаревский ; born April 3 . Jul / 16th April  1904 greg. In the village Muschkowitschi, Ujesd Duchowschtschina ; † 11. May 1979 in Moscow ) was a Soviet physicist , an aerospace engineer and university professor .

Life

Makarewski's father was a deacon at the local church. He attended the middle school in Smolensk . After the October Revolution he joined the Red Army in 1919 and participated in the Polish-Soviet War as a reporter on the staff of the 16th Army of the Western Front . At the end of 1920 he was discharged from the army and sent to the RabFak at the Smolensk Polytechnic Institute. Then he began studying at the mechanics - Faculty of the Moscow Institute of Technology (MWTU), which he in 1929 with his thesis on a wind turbine as an aeronautical engineer graduated.

From 1927 Makarewski worked in the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (ZAGI) in Schukowski . In the first years of his scientific work he continued to work on wind turbines. When the laboratory for wind turbines was downsized in 1935, Makarewski switched to the laboratory for problems of the strength of aircraft . From 1935 to 1936 he worked on questions relating to the permissible total deformation of aircraft structures. The corresponding strength values ​​were first included in the strength standards in 1937 . A focus of his work during this time was the investigation of the loads on the wings and tail units of the fighter aircraft during flight.

After the beginning of the German-Soviet War , Makarewski headed the Laboratory for Strength of the ZAGI from August 1941. During the war, the focus was on ensuring the strength and fatigue strength of the aircraft. Many Pe-2 , Il-2 and fighters of the Jak and La series passed the appropriate tests. From 1944 to 1947 Makarewski examined the special loads on aircraft constructions during flights with high Mach numbers , the results of which were again included in the standards.

In 1950 Makarewski became head of the ZAGI. He participated in working on the problems of high temperature strength . He contributed to solving the safety problems of the Tu-16 , Tu-95 and 3M bombers in nuclear weapon explosions . He participated in the development of the airliner Tu-104 in part, in which he developed the methodology to ensure the safety of such aircraft. In 1956 he became a founding member of the Russian National Committee for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics .

In 1960 Makarewski became the first deputy of the ZAGI chief for strength. He expanded the strength laboratory, so that in 1963 it was converted into a complex with initially three sub-laboratories. He strengthened the experimental equipment, founded a laboratory for aero elasticity , a laboratory for high temperature strength and other facilities. In 1970 he became scientific director of the ZAGI for problems of the strength of aircraft structures.

In addition to his research and development activities, Makarewski taught at the MWTU. In 1943 he received his doctorate in technical sciences . In 1952 he was appointed professor , and then headed the Chair of Strength of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MFTI). In 1953 he was elected a Corresponding Member and in 1968 a full member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (AN-SSSR, since 1991 Russian Academy of Sciences (RAN)).

Honors, prizes

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e RAN: Макаревский Александр Иванович (accessed July 14, 2019).
  2. ↑ Большая российская энциклопедия: МАКАРЕ́ВСКИЙ Александр Иванович (accessed July 14, 2019).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Landeshelden: Макаревский Александр Иванович (accessed on July 14, 2019).
personal data
SURNAME Makarewski, Alexander Ivanovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Макаревский, Александр Иванович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian physicist, aerospace engineer and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH April 16, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Muschkowitschi, Ujesd Duchowschtschina
DATE OF DEATH May 11, 1979
Place of death Moscow