Alstom Citadis

The Citadis 402 in Bordeaux operated without overhead lines

Citadis is the name of a family of low-floor trams from the French rail vehicle manufacturer Alstom in aluminum construction. The two-system light rail vehicles RegioCitadis and Citadis Dualis have similar names, but are technically independent vehicles.

The first vehicle was ordered in 1997 for the Montpellier tram , and in 2007 the 1000th vehicle was delivered to the Lyon tram . The vehicles are particularly widespread in France, where they occupy a quasi-monopoly position. But the vehicles are also in use in the rest of Western Europe as well as in North Africa, South America and Melbourne . According to a press release from Alstom, 1527 firm orders had been placed for almost 40 cities by October 2011, with Aubagne being the last new customer .

The 1500th vehicle entered service on line 7 of the Paris tram on November 16, 2013.

concept

Citadis railcar in Reims

A modular design allows the low-floor articulated multiple units to be configured in different lengths according to the requirements of the operator. Standardized technical components are used, while the design - especially the head module - and the interior design of the vehicles are based on the customer's specifications, so that each company can have an individual design.

This individual design of the head shape was used in many cities to create a connection to the city and to give the tram its identity. For example, the front of the vehicles in Lyon was modeled on a silkworm, as silk processing was of enormous importance for the city. In Reims , the sets were designed based on a champagne glass, as Reims is the most important production center for champagne. Other cities have had their vehicles designed by local designers and companies, such as Toulouse from the aircraft manufacturer Airbus .

The Citadis are basically bidirectional vehicles . However, they are also available as a one-way trolley . In this form they were obtained from the Rotterdam tram . In some companies such as Casablanca or Rabat - Salé , they are used as fake bidirectional wagons with only one driver's cab, but doors on both sides and coupled with the cab ends in double traction .

Types

The following vehicle series run under the name Citadis, which are mainly developed and manufactured in Aytré near La Rochelle .

In November 2016, Alstom announced that it had orders for more than 2,300 vehicles from 55 cities, including 23 from France.

Type	description	length	Dimensions	Low-floor portion	Locations
202	three-part	23 m		100%	Melbourne
301	three-part	29.9 m	37 t	70%	Orléans (formerly also in Montpellier and Dublin , but were extended to 401)
301 CIS	three-part			100%	Broad gauge wagons for 1524 mm: Moscow , Saint Petersburg
302	five-part	~ 32 m		100%	Adelaide , Algiers , Angers , Barcelona , Buenos Aires, Bordeaux , Brest , Casablanca, Constantine, Dijon , Jaén, Jerusalem , Le Havre , Le Mans , Lyon , Madrid , Melbourne, Montpellier, Mulhouse , Murcia , Nice , Nottingham , Oran, Orléans , Paris (T2, T7, T8) , Parla , Rabat-Salé , Reims , Rotterdam , Tenerife , Toulouse , Tunis , Valenciennes
401	five-part	~ 41 m		70%	Dublin, Montpellier
402	seven-part	~ 43 m	53 t	100%	Bordeaux , Brasilia, Dubai, Grenoble , Lyon, Montpellier, Paris (T3) , Rouen , Sidi bel Abbès , Tours , Rio de Janeiro
403	seven-part	45.1 m	55 t	100%	Strasbourg
502	nine parts	~ 55 m		100%	Dublin
X04	three-part	~ 30 m		100%	Istanbul
205-305-405	three to seven parts	24-44 m			Orders: Avignon , Caen, Frankfurt am Main , Kaohsiung (Taiwan), Nice , Sydney
Compact (205)	three-part	~ 20 m		100%	Aubagne
Spirit	Light Rail Vehicle			100%	Ottawa

In addition, the Konstal 116Nd, designed for Poland and built by Alstom Konstal, which shares only individual components (such as driver's cab controls, interior panels) with the Citadis family, but has nothing in common with it in terms of construction, is also sold as the Citadis 100 by Alstom.

The first two digits of the type name indicate the approximate length of the vehicles, while the last digit indicates the generation or construction method used. All vehicles, with the exception of those delivered to Russia, are regular lane . The Citadis are generally approved for speeds of up to 70 km / h.

First generation (301 and 401)

The first generation (301 and 401) was first ordered in 1997 and delivered from 1999. With a low-floor share of 70%, the wagons are only partially low-floor and were initially ordered by the companies in Montpellier , Orléans and Dublin . Both vehicles of type 301 (with a length of almost 30 m, Montpellier and Orléans) and 401 (with a length of approximately 41 m, Dublin) were ordered. Both Montpellier and Dublin extended their Citadis 301 by 10 meters to make them 401 vehicles. The vehicles have bogies at the front and rear.

Second generation (202, 302 and 402)

Sketch of the Citadis 302 of the Nice tram

System change point at Masséna in Nice - the train on the left shuts down the pantograph

The second generation (202, 302 and 402) are multi-articulated vehicles with two to seven car bodies and fixed undercarriages, which enable a low-floor share of 100%. While the three-part 202 vehicles were only delivered to the Melbourne tram , the 302 series is the most popular Citadis series - it accounts for more than 50 percent of all orders for Citadis vehicles.

The vehicles of the Bordeaux tram (series 302 and 402) are specially equipped so that they can be operated on sections of the route without overhead lines with an APS busbar system . This system is also used on the Angers , Reims and Orléans trams . The Dubai tram is fully equipped with a power rail and does not need any overhead lines.

The Citadis 302 on the Nice tram, on the other hand, have built-in batteries with which they can also be operated without overhead lines.

The Dublin tram is purchasing seven nine-part 502 units with a length of 54 m for the extension of the green line. Seven-part 402s are already being used there, and the platforms are being lengthened where necessary.

Third generation (403)

The 403 series vehicles were developed for the Strasbourg tram . These are also completely low-floor, the ends of the wagons are supported on small wheel bogies.

Citadis X04 in use in Istanbul

Fourth generation (X04)

The Citadis X04 was developed for the Central and Eastern European market and is produced by Alstom Konstal in Poland . The X04 is based on the modular concept of the Citadis family, but has bogies and is made of steel. It is also 100% low-floor. The Istanbul tram ordered 37 vehicles in 2009.

Fifth generation (X05)

Citadis X05 in Cuenca

A renewed version of the Citadis trains was presented at InnoTrans Berlin in 2014 . Three-, five- and seven-part sets with lengths between 24 m and 44 m are also available here. The type designations will then be 205, 305 and 405.

By optimizing the design, about ten percent savings in maintenance costs can be expected. The trains are driven by electric motors with permanent magnets. Noise pollution has also been further reduced. Double doors at the ends of the trains speed up passenger changes. Overall, Alstom promises a 10% increase in capacity and energy savings of 30%. At the end of the term, the vehicles can be recycled to 98%.

Power can be supplied via the classic overhead contact line, the APS-type power rail developed by Alstom or the Citadis Ecopack . The latter consists of a combination of batteries and supercapacitors, which make the trains independent of overhead lines and busbars for shorter sections.

The first order came from the Sydney light rail system : Alstom will supply 60 X05 trains that are to be used in double traction in sets of 67 m in length. From 2019, they will be used on a new 12 km long section, with a section of 2 km in length being equipped with the APS power rail.

An order for the delivery of 19 sets came from Nice for the local tram : The 44 m long units are to be used on the planned east-west route, which will connect the port with the airport from the end of 2018. The urban area will be tunnelled, the route will be 11.2 km long and will be built in the above-ground sections without overhead lines. The trolleys receive the Ecopack and the supercapacitors at the stops are charged enough within 20 seconds that the next stop can be reached without any problems.

On June 19, 2018 , an order for 45 three-part vehicles of the new T series came from Frankfurt am Main for the Frankfurt am Main tram operated by Verkehrsgesellschaft Frankfurt (VGF) . There is also an option for 10 more vehicles. Delivery of the first railcars produced in Barcelona is scheduled for 2020. This is intended to replace older vehicles of the P and R series . The vehicles can be coupled for use in stadium traffic. They have a passenger counting system. The consistently low-floor vehicle floor is approx. 30 centimeters above street level. The vehicle length is 31.5 m, with a retrofittable optional additional middle section 38 m. 197 passengers can be carried per railcar, theoretically up to 244 with the additional middle section. With an energy storage system that can also be retrofitted, operation without a live overhead line is possible.

Citadis Compact

Alstom offers the Citadis Compact for smaller businesses. This is a short version with a length of 22 m, similar to the Citadis 202 for Melbourne. In the Citadis Compact, however, further developed drives are used, referred to by Alstom as Ixège, which should enable a larger aisle area inside. Furthermore, the doors in the end modules are double instead of single doors, so that a quick change of passengers should be possible despite the short vehicles. Aubagne was the first to order this type in October 2011. In addition, has Avignon also ordered Citadis Compact.

Citadis Spirit

The Citadis Spirit was presented for the North American market in February 2013. This is marketed as a light rail vehicle , is based on the Citadis Dualis (see below), is also completely low-floor and has a top speed of 100 km / h.

The first customer is the Canadian capital Ottawa , where the vehicles are also finished with components produced in the USA. 34 vehicles were delivered for the Confederation Line , which opened in September 2019. They offer enough space inside for bicycles and are specially equipped for winter use.

Multi-system trolley

Alstom produces two families of multi-system wagons that can run on roads and railways under the names Regio Citadis and Citadis Dualis.

RegioCitadis

RegioCitadis by RandstadRail

The RegioCitadis are three-part multiple units in modular steel construction developed by Alstom LHB (formerly Linke-Hofmann-Busch, now Alstom Transport Germany ) in Salzgitter . They have two trailer bogies under the middle and one motor bogie each under the attached end car.

18 two-system cars for 600 V DC voltage and 15 kV AC voltage at 16.7 Hz as well as ten two-motor vehicles for 600 V DC voltage and supply from two 375 kW roof generator systems were delivered to Kassel. These are the world's first standard - gauge twin-power tram cars.

In addition, 54 direct current two-voltage vehicles for 600 and 750 volts were delivered to the Randstad region for RandstadRail in the Netherlands. A replica series of 18 vehicles followed, built in the Alstom plant in Reichshoffen.

Citadis Dualis

Citadis Dualis of the Nantes tram-train at Vertou station

These are also designed as two-system railcars for 750 and 1500 V DC or 25 kV AC voltage at 50 Hz. The vehicles are designed for a top speed of 100 km / h. There are four-part articulated cars, the car body with pantograph runs on two, the other parts on just one bogie each. They are saddled with the drive-less end on the adjacent car body.

The Citadis Dualis are being developed in Valenciennes after the concept had previously been worked out in Reichshoffen (the work of the former De Dietrich Ferroviaire , or today Alstom DDF ).

So far 63 units have been ordered by the SNCF .

24 vehicles for 25 kV at 50 Hz AC and 750 V DC are provided for the Tram-Train Nantes in the Pays de la Loire region and operate between Nantes and Clisson and, since 2014, between Nantes and Châteaubriant . The four-part units are 42.575 m long, 2.65 m wide, have four double doors on each side for changing passengers and are designed with an output of 900 kW for a top speed of 100 km / h. At SNCF these railcars are run as the U 53500 series. They were put into operation from 2011 to 2015. As a special feature, they have a toilet .

A further 24 dual-voltage cars for 750 and 1500 volts DC have been running on the Tram-train de l'Ouest lyonnais from Lyon Saint-Paul train station to the west of the greater Lyon area since December 2012 . At SNCF, these railcars are run as the U 52500 series. They were put into operation between 2011 and 2013. In both cases, use on the already existing tram networks is not planned in the first expansion stage.

15 Citadis Dualis for 25 kV and 750 V are also planned for operation on the Tangentielle Nord around Paris. At SNCF, these railcars are run as the U 53600 series. The first vehicles went into operation in April 2017.