Old Thomas Church (Erfurt)
The old Thomaskirche was a Protestant church from the 13th / 14th centuries. Century and stood on the corner of Löberstrasse / Rosengasse in the south of Erfurt's old town . The Gothic hall church served as the parish church of the Löbervorstadt and was replaced by a new building on Schillerstrasse at the beginning of the 20th century. This was followed by the demolition of the old Thomas Church in 1903 and the construction of row houses from the early days of the company in its place.
history
The old St. Thomas Church was first mentioned in writing in a document in 1282 and was probably rebuilt in the first half of the 14th century in the Gothic style. It remained in this form until it was demolished, making it one of the few Erfurt churches that did not undergo major structural changes either as a result of city fires or because of disrepair. With the Reformation in 1525, the old Thomas Church was one of the Protestant churches. Justus Menius preached here between 1525 and 1529 as the first Protestant pastor. In 1689, Johann Christoph Bach , the eldest brother, played for a short time , and between 1702 and 1707 Johann Gottfried Walther , a cousin of Johann Sebastian Bach , played as organist in the old Thomas Church. In 1727 an organ by the Erfurt organ builder Franciscus Volckland was installed and between 1844 and 1882 a heating system and electric lighting were installed. After softening of Erfurt in 1872, the shifted Löbervorstadt to the south, then from 1890 between Flutgraben and Steigerwald numerous new residential buildings emerged and no longer offered the old St. Thomas Church enough space for the growing community. Around 1800 the Thomas parish had around 700 members, the number of which grew to 7,500 by the turn of the century and finally reached its maximum with 15,000 members in the 1930s. In addition, many wealthy citizens settled in the quarter who wanted a more representative and central parish church. Thus the Thomas parish had developed from what was once the smallest and poorest to one of the largest and richest parishes in Erfurt. As a result, from April 29, 1900, a new building was erected on Schillerstrasse under the direction of Pastor Alfred Fritzsche and the Hanoverian architect Rudolph Eberhard Hillebrand , which was inaugurated on June 15, 1902. In return, the old St. Thomas Church on the corner of Löberstrasse and Rosengasse was demolished a year later and valuable items such as the altarpiece from 1445 were transferred to the new building. In place of the old Thomaskirche, today's Löberstraße number 18, a multi-storey row house from the Wilhelminian era was built, which with its name Haus zum St. Thomas is reminiscent of the previous sacred building.
Architecture and equipment
The old Thomaskirche was a hall church in the Gothic style and served as the Protestant parish church of the Löbervorstadt until it was demolished in 1903 . The parish stretched between the inner and outer city walls in the south of Erfurt until it was demolished in 1872 . During the Middle Ages, this area was mainly inhabited by poorer people, such as day laborers, porters and the Löber who practiced the craft of tannery and gave the district its name. For this reason, the old Thomaskirche was one of the smallest church buildings in the city with simple architecture and few valuable inventory items such as the carved altar from 1445. The hall church had several windows with tracery and a saddle roof , which overlooks in the west a pent roof connected to the church tower with the main portal. The church tower was located on the northwest corner of the nave and had a stone relief of the Apostle Thomas from 1440 at the foot. At the level of the bells, an ogival window with tracery was let in on each side and a stone gallery with an octagonal top made of slate extended over it . A tower clock with an attached tip was attached to this in the south and north.
The interior of the old Thomas Church was accessed via the main portal in the west, which initially led into an entrance hall with a vault . In the north the staircase to the tower and in the east the single-nave nave followed. This had a wooden gallery with an organ on the west wall and a wooden barrel vault from the 19th century as the ceiling. Behind the altar there was a sacrament house built into the wall, which was donated by Hans Heilwig in 1440 in memory of his wife Künne von Milwitz. The end of the nave was formed by a straight choir with a 19th century sacristy behind it . Until it was demolished, the Old Thomaskirche had three bells, a larger one probably from the 15th century and a smaller one from 1448. Furthermore, the so-called plague time bell, which was medium-sized and was designed by Hans Rausch in 1683 Erfurt was poured. All three pieces were melted down by the Schilling foundry in Apolda in 1903 for the production of new bells for the new St. Thomas Church . Both the sacrament house, the stone relief and the carved altar have been installed in the New Thomas Church in Schillerstrasse since it was demolished in 1903.
Evangelical pastors and deacons
Pastor since the Reformation
- Justus Menius (or Moenius) (1526–1529)
- Magister Sigismund Kirchner (1529–1550)
- Magister Joh. Caesarius (1550–1564)
- Magister Ambrosius Sidelius (1564–1572)
- Magister Wilh. Königroth (1572–1587)
- Johannes Sturm (1587–1593)
- Magister Johann Nicolai (1593–1597)
- Magister Martin Kaboth (Kabuth) (1597-1624)
- Magister Christian Köcherbach (1624–1664)
- Johann Frueschel (1664–1678)
- Ehrhardt Thielemann (1678–1683)
- Magister Joh. Melchior Schellenberger (1683–1693)
- Magister Paul Christoph Hagen (1693–1694)
- Magister Joh. Kießling (1694–1696)
- Magister Joh. Gle (a) ndenberg (1684–1722)
- Magister Joh. Paul Witschel (1721–1728)
- Magister Heinrich Wolfgang Fratscher (1728–1744)
- Magister Carl Andreas Lossius (1744–1747)
- Magister Gottlieb Gottlob Osann, (1748–1754)
- Johann Balthasar Plauel (1754–1757)
- Wilhelm Jacob Müller (1757–1764)
- Magister Johann Rudolph Gottlieb Gelmroth (1764–1770)
- Sigismund Friedrich Hesse (1770–1777)
- Christian. Aug. Martin Wahl (1777–1784)
- Joh. Immanuel Armann (1784-1811)
- Magister Adolf Ferdinand Lauprecht (1816–1822)
- Casp. Christian. Tailor (1825–1829)
- Joh. Daniel Heinrich Schmidt (1829–1846)
- Carl David Christian Kühn (1847–1879)
- Karl Aug. Peter (1880-1892)
- Alfred Eugen Fritzsche (1893–1902)
Deacons since the Reformation
- Georg Agricola (1597)
- Johann Frueschel (1655–1664)
- Ernst Gottfried Heuser (1696–1722)
- Joh. Balthasar Erich (1741–1742)
- Joh. Melchior Flock (1742–1758)
- Johann Christoph Methfessel (1765–1766)
- Joachim Wisser (1766–1769)
- Sigismund Friedrich Hesse (1769–1770)
- Christian. Heinr. Jul. Lozzen (1770–1772)
- Joh. Gottfr. Schwabe (1772–1773)
- Christian Nicol. Lusche (1773–1774)
- Magister Joh. Caps. Tromsdorf (1774–1777)
- Joh. Lorenz Deception (1777–1779)
- Christian. Joh. Fidejust Klüppel (1779–1785)
- Joh. Rud. Gottlieb Beyer (1780–1783)
- Georg Ludw. Thieme (1783)
- Rud. Christian. Lossius (1790–1799)
- Heinrich Samuel Müller (1800–1801)
- Andr. Carl Hildebrandt (1801-1807)
- Johann Gottfried Jakob Sinnholdt (1808)
- Friedr. Godfr. Swabian (1808)
- Magister Adolf Ferdinand Lauprecht (1810–1811)
- Friedrich Samuel Büchner (1811–1813)
- Johann Georg Scherer (1814)
- Johann Wilhelm Pfeiffer (1814-1819)
- Georg Heinrich Carl Schulz (1819–1821)
- Casp. Christian. Tailor (1822-1824)
- Adolph Frobenius (1825)
- Joh. Daniel Heinrich Schmidt (1828–1829)
- Aug. Petri jun. (1830-1832)
- Joh. Christ. Aug. Petersen (1834-1835)
- Johann Friedr. Herm. Weingärtner (1837-1840)
- Johann Wilhelm Riedel (1841–1842)
- Carl David Christian Kühn (1842–1847)
- Joh. Fri.Aug. Theod. Schubert (1847–1849)
- Georg Christoph Gustav Lorengel (1849–1850)
- Herm. Schulze (1851–1855)
- Hugo Bodo Wagner (1856-1858)
- Friedrich Wilhelm v. Schütz (1857-1858)
- Carl Aug. Erbstein (1859–1860)
- Karl Ernst Robert Kaufmann (1861–1862)
- Ludwig August Wilhelm Pfeifer (1863–1864)
- Heinrich Adolph Schneider (1866–1867)
- Otto cheap (1894–1903)
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ev. Thomas Parish Erfurt: Evangelical St. Thomas Church - Festschrift for the re-inauguration on September 24, 2000 after renovation and redesign of the interior , p. 9
literature
- Wilhelm Freiherr von Tettau : Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the city of Erfurt and the Erfurt district. Otto Hendel Verlag, Halle an der Saale 1890.
- Otto-Arend Mai: The Protestant Churches in Erfurt 2nd edition. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt GmbH, Berlin 1983.
- Ev. Thomas Parish Erfurt: Evangelical St. Thomas Church - Festschrift for the re-inauguration on September 24, 2000 after renovation and redesign of the interior
Aegidia Church | Albanikirche (†) | All Saints Church | Andreas Church | Augustinian Church | Barefoot Church | Bartholomäuskirche (T) | Benedictine Church (†) | Brunnenkirche | St. Mary's Cathedral | Gangolfi Church (†) | George's Church (T) | Gotthardt Church (†) | Hospital Church | Johanneskirche (T) | Carthusian Church | Merchant Church | Leonhardskirche (†) | Lorenz Church | Magdalenenkapelle | Outer Martini Church | Inner Martinikirche (†) | Matthias Church (†) | Michaeliskirche | Moritzkirche (†) | Neuwerkskirche | Nikolaikirche (T) | Paulskirche (T) | Peterskirche | Preacher Church | Reglerkirche | Schottenkirche | Servatius Church (†) | Severikirche | Old Thomaskirche (†) | Ursuline Church | Vitic Church (†) | Wigbertikirche
(†): Church no longer exists | (T): only the church tower still exists
Coordinates: 50 ° 58 ′ 16.8 ″ N , 11 ° 1 ′ 51.5 ″ E