Alwine Schroedter

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Reproduction from the magazine Illustrirte Frauen-Zeitung from November 24, 1879

Alwine Schroedter , also Allwiena Schrödter , née Heuser (born February 13, 1820 in Gummersbach , † April 12, 1892 in Karlsruhe ), was a German illustrator and painter from the Düsseldorf School .

Life

Advertisement of "Allwiena Heuser and Adolf Schroedter" in September 1839

Alwine Schroedter was born as Alwine Heuser in Gummersbach, where she spent her youth. Her father was the Protestant merchant Heinrich Daniel Theodor Heuser (1767-1848), son of the merchant Johann Peter Heuser and wholesaler for paints and wine, who had married her mother Katharina Luisa Jügel (1776-1841) on August 21, 1804 in Gummersbach. Alwine had five siblings: Luisa (1805–1874), who was to become a well-known painter, Henriette Emma (1807–1875), Adelheid , called Adeline, also later a well-known painter (1809–1897), Daniel (* 1814) and Ida (1817-1880). Her aunt, Henriette Jügel , who came to Gummersbach in 1806, introduced her to knitting, painting and drawing. As a 17-year-old Alwine Heuser went to Frankfurt am Main , to the house of her uncle, the publisher Carl Christian Jügel .

On June 2, 1840, she married the Düsseldorf engraver and painter Adolph Schroedter , through whom she met many protagonists of the Düsseldorf School of Painting, such as Wilhelm von Schadow , Andreas and Oswald Achenbach , Alfred Rethel , Karl Ferdinand's son , Eduard Bendemann , Johann Wilhelm Schirmer , Ludwig Des Coudres , Carl Friedrich Lessing , Robert Reinick and Hans Fredrik Gude . The late romantic milieu of Düsseldorf had a lasting impact on her conception of art. In 1848 Alwine Schroedter moved with her husband to Frankfurt am Main, which she already knew, where the couple belonged to the circle of the doctor and children's book author Heinrich Hoffmann . During this time in Frankfurt, Alwine Schroedter began to give private drawing lessons together with her husband and to make a name for himself through first publications. In 1854 Alwine and Adolph Schroedter returned to Düsseldorf for a few years. At Pfannenschoppenstrasse 35 (later Klosterstrasse), in the former house of Johann Wilhelm Schirmer, they were immediate neighbors of the artist couple Marie and Rudolf Wiegmann .

In 1859 Adolph Schroedter was appointed professor of ornamentation at the Grand Ducal Badische Kunstschule Karlsruhe , founded in 1854 , where Schirmer director and Des Coudres and Lessing, who had married her sister Ida in 1841, were professors. Adolph and Alwine Schroedter, who at that time already had two sons, Maximilian (1842-1908) and Roderich (1843-1894), and two daughters, Malvine (1847-1901) and Adeline (1851-1928), followed suit Karlsruhe, where they lived first in Langen Straße 2/3 ( Kaiserstraße ), then in Vorderen Zirkel 3 and from 1866 in Nowackanlage 8, and took an active part in an artist scene that was emerging there, which dealt with the circle around the Karlsruhe theater director Eduard Devrient overlap. The Schroedters received a visit from the musicians Johannes Brahms and Clara Schumann , whom the couple had already met in Düsseldorf. At times the painter and lithographer Wilhelm Riefstahl was one of the Schroedters' close circle of friends, who moved into their own, artfully designed house in 1872 at Mühlburger Allee 3 (Moltkestrasse 3), at that time on the edge of the Hardtwald . Adolph Schroedter fell ill soon after and died in December 1875 at the age of 70.

After Des Courdres, Lessing and his wife died by the beginning of the 1880s, further friends and colleagues of their deceased husband were appointed to other universities and their children were married (their daughter Malvine married the history painter Anton von Werner on August 22, 1871 ), It got lonely in her "forest house" so that she began to use part of the rooms as a private drawing school for women. The most prominent of her students was Luise , the Grand Duchess of Baden , whom she had been instructing in painting since 1859. This contact led to a long-term and closer relationship between the women who used to visit each other. Another student was Jenny Nottebohm , a protagonist of the Grötzingen painters' colony . After Alwine Schroedter struggled with a heart condition at the end of her life, she died on April 12, 1892 in her "forest house", where the Grand Duchess of Baden paid her last respects on April 14, 1892. The Kunsthalle Karlsruhe honored the deceased in the year she died with a retrospective exhibition, which also showed pictures by Adolph Schroedter.

plant

Copper title Düsseldorfer Künstler-Album , 1859

Alwine had been encouraged by her husband to be an artist. In her subject, book decoration as well as allegory , initials and flower painting, she developed an independent mastery, using technical innovations such as chromolithography . The significance of her work reaches that of Hermine Stilke , who, like her, is one of the most important German artists of the 19th century. Alwine Schroedter was not able to make friends with the increasingly prevalent naturalism, rooted in a romantic and decorative conception of art from Düsseldorf .

For the work Um Lieb 'und Kunst , published in 1867, a contemporary reviewer praised the “most diverse group of flowers”, “which, in a charming harmony of shapes and colors with the initials, appear as the soul of the words that has become visible.” Flower surrounds Calligraphic sayings and verses by Hermine Stilke and Alwine Schroedter, which were presented in 1870 at an exhibition of the Association of Artists and Art Friends in Berlin in the genre of flower painting, earned them criticism as “recognized representatives of this direction”, a “certain sweetness and sentimentality in the selection of the sayings and in the execution of the floral decorations ”.

Alwine Schrödter's work includes the following publications:

  • New patterns for lace-up embroidery. Frankfurt am Main 1851 (six sheets)
  • Drawing as an aesthetic educational tool. Frankfurt am Main 1853
  • Düsseldorf artist album. Düsseldorf 1857 (copper title and title page for part II)
  • Herbarium Ur ornamentum. 1st issue. Karlsruhe 1861 (six lithographs)
  • Six pictures of Don Quixote. Gotha 1863 (six copper engravings)
  • Prayer of the lord. Düsseldorf 1864 (edition for Catholics: eight chromolithographs; edition for Protestants: nine chromolithographs)
  • About love and art. Düsseldorf 1867 (portfolio, mottos with initials, twelve chromolithographs and a sheet of text)
  • Annual blossoms. Karlsruhe 1869 (portfolio with 13 chromolithographs)
  • Foreign and home. Sayings in words and pictures. Frankfurt am Main 1869 (folder with eleven chromolithographs and a sheet of text)
  • In joy and sorrow. Frankfurt am Main 1871 (folder, mottos with initials, 19 sheets in color print and four texts)
  • Penates. Düsseldorf 1871 (19 lithographs, ten of them in color print)
  • Triumph of flowers in songs. Düsseldorf 1871 (twelve chromolithographs)
  • Studies in watercolor painting. Bremen 1872 (together with Adolph Schroedter and Angelica von Woringen)
  • Children's prayers. Frankfurt am Main 1880 (27 chromolithographs)
  • The lord is my shepherd. Leipzig 1881 (six chromolithographs)
  • Floral language. Lahr 1883 (chromolithographs)
  • Women's training course for home and world. Leipzig 1883 (together with H. Volger and Caspar Scheuren )

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to other information, the date of birth is February 7, 1820. Frank Heidermanns: Alwina (Alwine) Heuser. In: heidermanns.net. Retrieved November 30, 2014 .
  2. ↑ German Gender Book , Volume 195, Limburg an der Lahn 1989, p. 36
  3. ^ Frank Heidermanns: Heinrich Daniel Theodor Heuser. In: heidermanns.net. Retrieved November 30, 2014 .
  4. ↑ Schroedter, Adolph, Maler, Pfannenschoppenstrasse 35 , in address book of the Mayor's office in Düsseldorf, 1856, p. 164
  5. ^ Supplement to the Allgemeine Zeitung of November 19, 1867, No. 323, pp. 5159 f. ( online )
  6. ^ Supplement to the magazine for visual arts from February 4, 1870, Verlag EA Seemann, Leipzig, p. 66 ( online )
  7. ↑ Copper title signed by Frau Schrödter (see table of contents) , in Düsseldorf artist album, 7th year, 1857
    Title page for part II: Poems with illustrations , in Düsseldorf artist album, 7th year, 1857
  8. ↑ See title recording in the portal digital.ub.uni-duesseldorf.de ( online )
personal data
SURNAME Schroedter, Alwine
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schroedter, Alwina; Heuser, Alwine (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German illustrator and painter from the Düsseldorf School
DATE OF BIRTH February 13, 1820
PLACE OF BIRTH Gummersbach
DATE OF DEATH April 12, 1892
Place of death Karlsruhe