Beverbach (worm)

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Beverbach
Upper course of the Beverbachs in the Aachener Wald, Augustinerwald, a mixed forest

Upper course of the Beverbachs in the Aachener Wald , Augustinerwald, a mixed forest

Data
Water code DE : 282816
location Vennvorland

Germany

River system Meuse
Drain over Wurm (Rur)  → Rur  → Maas  → Hollands Diep  → North Sea
source two source streams in the Aachener Wald , Augustinerwald
50 ° 43 ′ 43 ″  N , 6 ° 6 ′ 30 ″  E
muzzle on the Brabantstraße under the worm coordinates: 50 ° 46 ′ 17 "  N , 6 ° 6 ′ 1"  E 50 ° 46 ′ 17 "  N , 6 ° 6 ′ 1"  E

length 9.1 km
Catchment area 12.334 km²
Drain
at the mouth 		MNQ
MQ
 48.78 l / s
140.52 l / s

The Beverbach is a 9 km long right tributary of the Wurm in the Aachen hill country in North Rhine-Westphalia. Its headwaters lie in the Aachen forest , which is criss-crossed by numerous streams, to the left and right of Monschauer Strasse. It then flows northwards until it finally joins the Wurm underground at Brabantstrasse / Luisenstrasse . The total catchment area of ​​the Beverbach is over 12 km². The water association Eifel-Rur (WVER) is responsible for the care and maintenance of the water .

Geographical course

Upper course - two main source streams

A special feature of the Beverbach is its two main source brooks on the Augustinerweg in the Aachen Forest, which probably gave the brook its name. This is probably derived from the Roman name bi-werra , which means "two waters". These two main source brooks arise on the left and right of Monschauer Straße . One rises in the gardens behind the houses on Augustiner Weg , near the forester's house Grüne Eiche , the other seeps from the meadows of the Augustinerwald east of Monschauer Strasse and forms a muddy spring pond that is used as a cattle trough at times.

Union of the two main source streams of the Beverbach (Wurm) in the Aachen forest, Dornbruchweg / Büfferweg

In the vicinity of the Dornbruchweg / Büfferweg fork , the two main source streams come together, take the Hitfeld outfall to the right after approx. 500 m , and the Beverbach meanders untamed, close to nature through the Aachen forest in a northerly direction. South of the Schöntal forester's house , the stream crosses under the Kornelimünsterweg and flows between the Nellessenpark and the Lintert cemetery in the direction of Eselsweg . From its two sources to Eselsweg, the Beverbach is one of the legally protected biotopes in accordance with Section 62 of the Landscape Act (LG) of North Rhine-Westphalia.

Middle course

Shortly before reaching the Eselsweg, the Beverbach takes on the Hitfelderbach , which flows into the right. Here, the water power of the Beverbach was first used by a water mill , the mill in the Heidbenden . Beyond the Eselsweg, the Waldfriedhof receiving water flows into it from the left ; This creek, which sometimes runs below the river bed, which rises in the forest cemetery , is fed by a spring channel on the left east of the barracks area, while another nameless brook from the forest area south of the Eselsweg is added from the right shortly before reaching the Beverbachs. Immediately before the inflow of the Waldfriedhof receiving water, the Beverbach falls down an artificial waterfall several meters high . However, this is not open to the public.

The Beverau

Spring meadows of the "Bever-Aue" in the nature reserve Aachen-Beverau
Official announcement of the city of Aachen, June 15, 1965
Ordinance of the city of Aachen for the protection of parts of the landscape

District 41 of the Aachen-Mitte district , Beverau , owes its name to the Aue am Beverbach. This meadow area - located on both sides of the Eselsweg - between Adenauerallee, Lintertstraße, Nellessenpark, the Dr.-Leo-Löwenstein barracks on Kornelimünsterweg and the residential area "Auf Vogelsang" was established as a landscape protection area (LSG) as early as 1965 .

A renewed designation of the Aachen-Beverau landscape protection area took place in the 1980s, namely to maintain and restore the efficiency of the natural balance and the usability of natural resources, for ecological compensation in a settlement center as well as because of the diversity, peculiarity or beauty of the landscape and because of the special Significance for recreation, especially for securing open spaces in the urban area. In the new landscape plan, the Beverbachtal is even to become a nature reserve (highest form of protection). The area north of Eselsweg has been included in the biotope cadastre - with the exception of an area in Nellessen Park near the Waldfriedhof receiving water. It concerns the biotope cadastre area "Beverbachtal bei Beverau".

The Bever-Aue wetland is one of the catchment areas of the Beverbach, with stratified springs : the spring waters run out of the meadows. Topographically, the grassland area is characterized by a damp depression running perpendicular to the Eselsweg with probably periodic water flow; In this Beverbach tributary there are old deposits from the post-war period south of Eselsweg, which justify a suspicion of contaminated sites. Shortly before crossing under the Adenauerallee, the Beverbach takes on a piped brook flowing in from the left. This subterranean watercourse that begins at Eselsweg is called the Eselsweg receiving waterway. In contrast to the Waldfriedhof receiving water, however, this is not a body of water entered in the water station map.

Lower course

Underground forwarding

Obere Drimbornstraße 8–12 - The "downfall" of the Beverbachs - piping

At Gut Schönthal, the Beverbach crosses the Adenauerallee and flows through the Drimborner wood , which today houses the Aachen Euregiozoo . On the grounds of the zoo, the Beverbach now feeds a reservoir that is used by numerous water birds as a place to stay. The Eifel-Rur Water Association (WVER) maintains a flood retention basin here . Shortly before the Beverbach reaches the urban area at the viaduct via Drimbornstraße , the brook goes underground ( downfall of the Beverbach ). At the embankment next to Drimbornstrasse it disappears underground and continues to flow through the city center. From Beverstrasse it runs through Bismarckstrasse, turns left into Oppenhoffallee, flows through Kurfürstenstrasse, then through Oranienstrasse, Sophienstrasse and Luisenstrasse and joins the Wurm underground on Brabantstrasse . From 1875 onwards, the Aachener brooks were laid in pipes, as heavy water pollution had repeatedly led to the outbreak of epidemics such as cholera or typhus since the beginning of industrialization. Pau , Paunelle and Johannisbach also flow underground into the Wurm at Rehmplatz; they come piped through Promenadenstrasse and Maxstrasse from the city center.

Re-emergence to the surface

Outside the avenue ring, the watercourses Pau, Paunelle, Johannisbach and Beverbach unite in the Wurm. At Europaplatz , the worm finally comes back to the earth's surface with these water bodies, including the Beverbach .

Urban historical significance of the Beverbach as a border waters

In the Latin deed of donation of land from Henry II to the free imperial abbey of Burtscheid of January 21, 1018, the Beverbach is mentioned as the eastern border water:

"Et sic in aquam, que nominatur Bievra (and then to a watercourse called Bever )"

- Society Burtscheid for Past and Present e. V., Schriften Vol. 2, p.72

Here is the relevant passage from the deed of gift in German translation:

“In order to keep the monk discipline particularly high, we give the monks of the Burtscheid monastery, who according to the rules of St. Benedikt live, the Neubruchland described below by name to a river called Wurm ... and then to a watercourse called BEVER ... with all accessories, cultivated and undeveloped land, meadows, pastures, bodies of water, mills, fisheries, Forests, paths in the sense that the abbot of the monastery mentioned and his successors should have free power over them. "

- Society Burtscheid for Past and Present e. V., Schriften Vol. 2, p.69

This function as a border water between the free imperial abbey of Burtscheid and the rule of Schönforst possessed the Beverbach up to the French time (1802) and afterwards up to the incorporation in Aachen between the mayor's offices Aachen and Forst (1897/1906). A piece of land on the other side of the Beverbach still has the field name "Grafenhau" today, which is reminiscent of the clearing of the Counts of Jülich in the former Jülich little country Schönforst .

Economic-historical relevance of the Beverbach

The city of Aachen is not on a river, but it is still a city ​​of water , a city ​​of streams . Historically, Aachen owes its economic boom to the many Aachen streams . They arise on the edge of the Aachen valley basin , which the streams, tributaries of the Wurm , have created and are maintaining themselves through erosion over the course of the earth's history. Nowadays they drain the Aachen basin over the Wurm as a receiving water to the Rur .

As the history of the cloth industry in Aachen shows, around 250 cloth factories, spinning mills and dyeing mills used the water power of the Aachen brooks during the heyday of the cloth industry . Until the beginning of the 20th century, numerous water mills owed the energy to drive spinning mills , for milling , for hammering and for grinding to the water power of the Beverbach . For example, the street name Buschmühle is reminiscent of the former location of a copper mill , the Schönthal mill . At the Drimborner Wäldchen there was the Grüntalsmühle, and below today's zoo, at Krautmühlenweg 8 , the Krautmühle. The Bevermühle was located near the Rothe Erde train station . From there the Beverbach flowed to the Kirberichshofer mills and supplied the Aachen cloth factory, formerly Süskind & Sternau AG . Shortly before the confluence of the Beverbach in the Wurm (Rur) , the upper and lower paper mills were powered by the hydro energy of the stream (near Luisenstraße 41 ). The Untere Papiermühle, Augustastraße 78-80 , was the location of the Pastor / Neuwerk cloth factory . The fulling mill was on the opposite side of the street.

“The decline of water-powered systems began with the introduction of the steam engine , which broke into the previous domain of natural-powered mills. ... With the beginning of industrialization , the end of the mill systems was heralded, which led to the mill extinction in the 20th century. "

- Peter Bertram: Early mill works.

Ecological importance

LSG-Adler signals landscape protection areas in NRW

Mesoclimatic function of the LSG Aachen-Beverau

The catchment area of ​​the Beverbach, which is between the Nellessenpark, the Dr. Leo Löwenstein barracks on Kornelimünsterweg, the residential area "Auf Vogelsang", Adenauerallee and Lintertstraße, also makes an important contribution to improving the local urban climate and reducing the environmental impact. According to the city-wide climate report from the year 2000, it is a particularly significant cold air generation area. On this large open space of the LSG Aachen-Beverau on Eselsweg, cold air near the ground forms at night. This process is favored by the moisture in the large meadow area. At the same time, this forms a cold air drainage zone, because the resulting fresh cold air due to the given slope of more than 1 to 2 degrees (approx. 1 to 3 m gradient over 100 m) to a relevant extent with little cloudiness and basic currents in the lowest atmospheric layer in can flow down the basin. The fresh air produced in the Bever-Aue reaches the Frankenberg district via the Beverbachtal and Erzbergerallee , and due to its proximity to the city center and the size of the area, the Bever-Aue has a special share in the total cold air production in this valley. On the other hand, cold air flows from the meadow area south or south-west of Eselsweg directly into the residential areas on the southern edge of the Burtscheider core area (Beverau or so-called Belgian quarter) and from there further into the Frankenberg quarter and the spa district. This is proven by the cold air currents in the map "Local cold air in the Aachen valley basin", which RWTH Aachen developed on behalf of the City of Aachen using the KLAM_21 cold air model to supplement the climate change adaptation concept and which was presented to the environmental committee in summer 2016.

Such cold air flows are often the only way to transport fresh air into the city center in weather conditions that are problematic in terms of climatic and air hygiene. The longer a high pressure weather situation lasts and the associated formation of inversions increases, the more important the cold air influence becomes for urban air exchange. The cold air can usually not completely displace the polluted city air, but it allows a mixing effect and thus reduces the summer heat and also the air pollution. In view of these effects in favor of an effective fresh air supply and the enormous deficit of green space in Aachen, the Environment Agency demands the maintenance and / or expansion of the large open green areas in particular.

Flood protection

The unsealed open spaces in the LSG Aachen-Beverau contribute to flood protection in the rainy Aachen area.

Nature conservation, species protection

Storks in the landscape protection area (LSG) Aachen-Beverau on spring meadow on Eselsweg

The LSG Aachen-Beverau on Eselsweg fulfills an important function for nature conservation and species protection . The Bever-Aue is a breeding, hunting and resting place for a multitude of animals that are worth protecting or endangered. You can observe green woodpeckers as well as flour and smoke swallows , which find enough food on the large wet meadows. Birds of prey such as the kestrel that nests in the tower of the Church of the Resurrection, buzzards and kites can also be seen here. Migratory birds such as Canada geese , gray herons , white storks and cranes rest on the meadow for several days. At night and at dusk you can see and hear owls nesting in tree hollows in the old oak trees on the edge of the nature reserve. As soon as it dawns, numerous bats appear . Deer, brown hares , hedgehogs, moles, foxes and weasels also occur here. In the wet meadows there are also newts , grass snakes , Roman snails, bees and bumblebees, hornets, a number of butterflies, dragonflies and a large number of toads. In March 2016, a badger was even observed in the Bever-Aue . In April 2016, beavers were spotted again on the Beverbach for the first time .

Recreational functions

Walkers with and without dogs, joggers, cyclists, children with kites use the LSG Aachen-Beverau on Eselsweg for local recreation in their free time. The Eselsweg formerly served as supply path of Burg Frankenberg and went about today Erzberger Allee. Christian Quix reported in 1832 that the owners of the castle had their firewood fetched with donkeys from the chamber forest (today: Nellessenpark ). The name Eselsweg is very likely based on these historical contexts. The central promenade on the Eselsweg with its distant view of open meadows on both sides is a significant landscape experience.

Web links

Commons : Beverbach  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Hikes along the Beverbach

Environmental circulars from the Ecology Center Aachen e. V.

Hydrology

Landscape protection area Aachen-Beverau on Eselsweg

Reports of the Aachen local press

  • Aachener Nachrichten of July 1st, 2014, p. 15: "Citizens fight against development on the Beverau" [1]
  • Aachener Zeitung of July 9, 2014, p. 13: "Beverau: Citizens on the barricades" [2]
  • Aachener Zeitung of July 24, 2014, p. 15: "Already 1500 signatures against building plans on Eselsweg" [3]
  • Aachener Zeitung of August 5, 2014, p. 13: "Three citizens' initiatives around the Beverau" [4]
  • Aachener Nachrichten of June 8, 2015, p. 20: "The use of land continues to advance" [5]
  • Aachener Zeitung of June 16, 2015, p. 18: "18 square meters of floor are lost every half hour" [6]

literature

  1. Luise Freiin von Coels von der Brügghen: The brooks and mills in the Aachen Empire and in the area of ​​the Reichsabtei Burtscheid , in: Journal of the Aachener Geschichtsverein, Volume 70, 1958, p. 5 (27 ff.).
  2. Gerhard Fehl (editor): With water and steam ... into the industrial age. Contemporary witnesses of the early industrialization in the Belgian-German border area , Meyer & Meyer Aachen 1991, ISBN 3-89124-103-8 .
  3. Franz Mainz: The old forest - contributions to a history of the district Aachen-Forst , Verlag M. Olivier, Aachen, 1985, pages 9 for 81 ff., Library of the society Burtscheid for history and present.
  4. Burtscheid Society for Past and Present V. Schriften Vol. 2, 1987, Around Diepenbenden - Between Beverbach and Gillesbach
  5. Ökologie-Hefte Aachen: Exploring brooks , 4th revised edition, June 1998, pp. 24–26: Der Beverbach - Biberbach or Zwei Wasser , publisher: Ökologie-Zentrum Aachen e. V.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ ELWAS card
  2. ↑ Aachen hill country
  3. ↑ http://www.wver.de/
  4. ↑ Ecology Center Aachen, Aachener Umwelt-Rundbrief No. 68, July 2011, page 4 ff. The Beverbach ( memento of the original from June 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.oekologie-zentrum-aachen.de
  5. ↑ Other etymologists interpret the name Beverbach as a watercourse on which beavers lived. Compare Heinrich von Schwarzenberg: Between Beverbach and Gillesbach. In: Society Burtscheid for Past and Present e. V. (Ed.): Schriften Bd.2, 1987 , S. III, 72; Further interpretations of the name in: F. Mainz: Das alten Forst - Contributions to a history of the Aachen-Forst district. Library of the Burtscheid Society for Past and Present. M. Olivier, Aachen, 1985, pp. 9-10.
  6. ^ Information from the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection (LANUV) North Rhine-Westphalia.
  7. ↑ Ecology Center Aachen, Aachener Umwelt-Rundbrief No. 68, July 2011, page 4 ff. The Beverbach
  8. ↑ Beverau district
  9. ↑ § 1 Clause 1 No. 3 ("Forest, field, meadow and park area at the Drimborner Wäldchen, Nellessenpark and Eicher Stollen") in conjunction with Annex 3 of the ordinance for the protection of parts of the landscape in the Aachen urban district of January 21, 1965 Printed in the official announcements of the city of Aachen from June 15, 1965, No. 16, page 83 ff.
  10. ↑ § 1 Paragraph 2 in conjunction with Annex 1, 3rd indent ("Burtscheid district: the corridors 4, 5 partially") of the regulatory authority ordinance on landscape protection areas in the area of ​​the city of Aachen of July 22, 1986, printed in the official gazette for the Cologne district of August 4, 1986, No. 31, page 253 ff.
  11. ↑ Aachener Zeitung of June 11, 2015, page 17 "Aachen's green is under the microscope"
  12. ↑ Information from the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection (LANUV) NRW
  13. ↑ Environmental assessment of the preliminary draft zoning plan, p. 132
  14. ↑ Environmental assessment of the preliminary draft zoning plan, pp. 132 and 133
  15. ↑ Environmental assessment of the preliminary draft zoning plan, p. 134 under "4 Water" ("Surface Waters")
  16. ↑ Channels and Bach Disclosures '' ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.oekologie-zentrum-aachen.de
  17. ↑ Ecology Center Aachen, Aachener Umwelt-Rundbrief No. 68, July 2011, page 4 ff. The Beverbach
  18. ^ F. Mainz: Das alten Forst - Contributions to a history of the district Aachen-Forst , Verlag M. Olivier, Aachen, 1985, page 81 ff., Library of the society Burtscheid for past and present.
  19. ↑ in detail Luise Freiin von Coels von der Brügghen: The brooks and mills in the Aachen empire and in the area of ​​the imperial abbey of Burtscheid . In: Zeitschrift des Aachener Geschichtsverein , Volume 70, 1958, p. 5 (15 ff.).
  20. ↑ Christof Peter, Franz Meiers, Gabi Heidner, Gabi Hermsdorf, Hartmut Welters, Henry Beierlorzer and Rita Caesar, Spurensicherung - Walks along the Aachener Brooks, February 1983, page 129, library of the Burtscheid Society for Past and Present
  21. ↑ Aachen_Tuchfabrik Pastor / Neuwerk
  22. ↑ Peter Bertram: Early mill works. In: Gerhard Fehl (editor), With water and steam ... into the industrial age: contemporary witnesses of the early industrialization in the Belgian-German border region Meyer & Meyer Aachen 1991, pp. 170–171, ISBN 3-89124-103-8
  23. ↑ Climate function map and the map of planning recommendations in the short version; See also in the long version: Appendix IX, Adenauerallee special investigation area, Figure 27a
  24. ↑ Climate atlas NRW - cold air drains ( memento of the original from July 29, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.klimaatlas.nrw.de
  25. ^ City of Aachen on air pollution control, under "Fresh air supply"
  26. ↑ For a greater cooling effect of cold air generation areas close to the city than from further away: Timo Sachsen, Gunnar Ketzler u. a .: Past and future evolution of nighttime urban cooling by suburban cold air drainage in Aachen. In: Die Erde, Vol. 144 3-4 / 2013, p. 286, right column top right
  27. ↑ Aachen city-wide climate report, October 2000, long version: Appendix IX, Adenauerallee special investigation area, Figure 27a
  28. ↑ Cold air map 2015
  29. ↑ Submission to the Aachen Environmental Committee on June 28, 2016 (in the submission collective document at the end)
  30. ↑ City of Aachen on the topic of air pollution control, under "Fresh air supply" and "Green areas"
  31. ↑ The beaver is back in Aachen: seen the animal on the Beverbach. In: Aachener Nachrichten . April 28, 2016, accessed April 30, 2016 .
  32. ↑ Aachen 2030 Master Plan - Perspectives and Impulses for the Spatial Development of the City of Aachen, page 49
  33. ^ Heinrich von Schwartzenberg: Between Beverbach and Gillesbach , in: Society Burtscheid for history and present, writings, volume 2, 2nd edition, 1987, p. 84, with reference to Christian Quix, Historisch-topographische Beschreibung der Stadt Burtscheid , Aachen , 1832, p. 16, available in the library of the Burtscheid Society for Past and Present (Aachen).