Bistram (noble family)
Bistram (also Bystram de Radlin or Bistrom ) is the family name of a Baltic noble family , which was originally located in Silesia . Your Baltic progenitor is Christopher I. Baron von Bistram (1565-1620), who was raised to the status of Swedish baron . In the Swedish Estonia , in the Swedish-occupied Duchy of Courland and Zemgale and in the Russian Empire , their relatives were state officials, politicians and officers. The baronial family currently continues to exist in Germany .
history
origin
The noble family Bistram, which initially called themselves after the Polish Bystram, once carried the name "Bystram de Radlin", which refers to Matthias Bystram de Radlin, with the addition Radlin indicating the place of origin Radlin . He was one of four brothers who lived in the Krakow , Radom , Sandomir and Lublin area and were mentioned in a document between 1411 and 1456. These four brothers came from an aristocratic family from Lesser Poland and form the tribe of the Polish Bystrams.
Early stem line
- Matthias Bystram z Radlin (1440) and z Lopennika (1443–1456) were masters of Radlin , Lopiennik and Lubien and Burgrichter zu Lemberg
- Gothardus I. Bistram de Radlin († 1487), was around 1454 mercenary commander in Prussia , later Prussian Starost von Mewe , Stargard and Roggenburg ⚭ Martha de Dambrowka ( von Damerau ) (1479–1505)
- Gothardus II. Bistram de Radlin was a lay judge at the district court in Dirschau and royal commissioner
- Fabian II. Bistram († 1580) was a district judge on Kulm , Starost von Tolkemit and heir of Landsdorf ⚭II Ursula von Rembow
- Christopher I. Freiherr von Bistram (1565-1620) moved to the Duchy of Courland and Semgallia and became the progenitor of the Baltic Bistrams. The Baltic Bistrams were divided into a Courland (donated by Christopher I) and an Estonian branch (donated by his grandson Georg Jürgen (1624–1687) see below). Over the years the Courland family has broken down into the following houses.
- Fabian II. Bistram († 1580) was a district judge on Kulm , Starost von Tolkemit and heir of Landsdorf ⚭II Ursula von Rembow
- Gothardus II. Bistram de Radlin was a lay judge at the district court in Dirschau and royal commissioner
- Gothardus I. Bistram de Radlin († 1487), was around 1454 mercenary commander in Prussia , later Prussian Starost von Mewe , Stargard and Roggenburg ⚭ Martha de Dambrowka ( von Damerau ) (1479–1505)
Courland houses
- I. House of Lublin and Prussia
- II. House Waddax
- III. House Sehnjen, Nowidwor and Daudzogir
- IV. House Zwirblan, Borklan and Lukian
- V. Born-Rimahlen and Sussey House
Estonian lineage
- Friedrich von Bistram (* around 1587)
-
Georg von Bistram (1624–1687), Swedish major general, settled in Reval , the progenitor of the Estonian line
-
Heinrich von Bistram (1667–1724), district administrator and Swedish lieutenant colonel
- Otto Wilhelm von Bistram (1727–1772), judge , gentleman on Rayküll
-
Hans-Heinrich von Bistram (* 1754), mayor, commander of Mohilew , Russian major general
- Adam von Bistram (1774-1825), Russian lieutenant general
- Karl von Bistram (1779–1838), Russian infantry general
- Otto Gotthard von Bistram (1762–1836)
- Otto von Bistram (1789-1854), Russian lieutenant general
-
Hans-Heinrich von Bistram (* 1754), mayor, commander of Mohilew , Russian major general
- Otto Wilhelm von Bistram (1727–1772), judge , gentleman on Rayküll
-
Heinrich von Bistram (1667–1724), district administrator and Swedish lieutenant colonel
-
Georg von Bistram (1624–1687), Swedish major general, settled in Reval , the progenitor of the Estonian line
Other personalities
- Conrad von Bistram (1816–1890), Courland Land Marshal, Oberburggraf, Chancellor and judge, brother of General Rodrigo von Bistram
- Carl Gotthard von Bistram (1777–1841), politician from Kurland
- Ottilie von Bistram (1859–1931), German women's rights activist and writer
- Paul von Bistram (1861–1931), politician from Kurland
- Roderich von Bistram (1886–1968), Lithuanian politician, grandson of General Rodrigo von Bistram
- Rodrigo von Bistram (1809–1886), Russian infantry general
coat of arms
The basic form of the family coat of arms of the Baltic Bistram comes from the coat of arms of the Polish coat of arms community Tarnawa. The 83 families of this coat of arms community were mostly resident in Tarnawa Górna (Zembrzyce) and the Lesser Poland Voivodeship .
Coat of arms of the Tarnawa coat of arms community
The Polish coat of arms of the aristocratic community or heraldic community consists of a red coat of arms with a floating silver common cross , accompanied by a waxing golden moon at the bottom left . Five silver ostrich feathers on the crowned helmet . The helmet covers are red and silver.
Courland family coat of arms of those of Bistram
The Kurland barons residing in the line of the Christopher I Baron von Bistram continued to carry the unchanged Polish coat of arms of the Tarnawa community of coats of arms.
Estonian family coat of arms of the von Bistram
The Estonian descendants of Christopher I Freiherr von Bistram led a modification of the Polish coat of arms since Georg Jürgen von Bistram (1624–1687). A red shield with a floating silver Latin cross , accompanied at the lower right by a waning golden moon. On the crown of rank five alternating red and gold ostrich feathers between two red buffalo horns .
literature
- Wolf-Dieter from Bistram. Chronicle of the family v. Bistram and Bystram. Self-published, Neubulach 1990
-
Genealogical handbook of the nobility , CA Starke Verlag, Limburg / Lahn
- Adelslexikon , Volume I, Volume 53 of the complete series, 1972, pp. 416-417; Volume XVII, Volume 125 of the complete series, 2008, p. 95
- Genealogical manual of the baronial houses , B 4, Volume 39 of the complete series, 1967, pp. 78-100; Volume 15, Volume 96 of the complete series, 1989, pp. 7-27
- Genealogical manual of the Estonian knighthood , part 2, 1.2: Estonia. Görlitz 1930, pp. 34-40
- Genealogical manual of the Courland knighthood , Görlitz o. J., pp. 502-532
- Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Freiherrlischen Häuser 1859 , 9th year, Justus Perthes, Gotha 1858, pp. 65–68
- August Wilhelm Hupel : Materials on a history of the Estonian aristocracy . In: Nordische Miscellaneen , Verlag Johann Friedrich Hartknoch, 1789, p. 49ff.
- Gothaisches genealogisches Taschenbuch der Freiherrliche Häuser, Volume 9, Verlag Perthes, 1859, original from Bayerische Staatsbibliothek , digitized 10 September 2012, p. 65 f. [1]
Web links
- website of Wolf Hubertus von Bistram (Wolf-Dieter von Bistram, Irmgard von Bistram)
- State Archives Leipzig, genealogical table of the Polish family von Bistram , contains among other things: Descendants of Friedrich von Bistram, Christopher von Bistram and Diedrich von Bistram 18th century - Lithuanian, Livonian and Courlandic lines.
- Matthias Bystram de Radlin, family tables of the Bystram family on "Research in East Prussia - Own Ancestors"
Individual evidence
- ↑ Matthias Bystram de Radlin . On: Research in East Prussia.
- ↑ Castle judges were the names of the judges who carried out the jurisdiction in and around castles and the associated places. See: German Encyclopedia or General Real Dictionary of All Arts and Sciences. Volume 4, Varrentrapp Sohn and Wenner, 1780, p. 628 ( digitized version of the National Library of the Czech Republic )
- ^ Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Bistram. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
- ^ Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Bistram. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
- ^ Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Bistram. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
- ^ Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Bistram. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
- ^ Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Bistram. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
- ↑ Bernd Funck: General Rodrigo Baron Bistram, a Baltic in Russian services. In: Familiengeschichtliche Blätter NF 4, 1991, pp. 210–212.
- ^ Carl Arvid Klingspor : Baltisches Wappenbuch , Stockholm 1882, p. 70 ; Baron Bistramb (Bistram). On: Adels-Vapen Wiki.
- ↑ Tarwana, see Tarnawa .
- ↑ Coat of arms of the Barons of Bistram.