Bistram (noble family)

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Bistram (also Bystram de Radlin or Bistrom ) is the family name of a Baltic noble family , which was originally located in Silesia . Your Baltic progenitor is Christopher I. Baron von Bistram (1565-1620), who was raised to the status of Swedish baron . In the Swedish Estonia , in the Swedish-occupied Duchy of Courland and Zemgale and in the Russian Empire , their relatives were state officials, politicians and officers. The baronial family currently continues to exist in Germany .

history

Grave slab of the court master and Drosten Johannes von Bistram († 1685) at the Evangelical City Church (Rheda)

origin

The noble family Bistram, which initially called themselves after the Polish Bystram, once carried the name "Bystram de Radlin", which refers to Matthias Bystram de Radlin, with the addition Radlin indicating the place of origin Radlin . He was one of four brothers who lived in the Krakow , Radom , Sandomir and Lublin area and were mentioned in a document between 1411 and 1456. These four brothers came from an aristocratic family from Lesser Poland and form the tribe of the Polish Bystrams.

Early stem line

  • Matthias Bystram z Radlin (1440) and z Lopennika (1443–1456) were masters of Radlin , Lopiennik and Lubien and Burgrichter zu Lemberg
    • Gothardus I. Bistram de Radlin († 1487), was around 1454 mercenary commander in Prussia , later Prussian Starost von Mewe , Stargard and Roggenburg ⚭ Martha de Dambrowka ( von Damerau ) (1479–1505)
      • Gothardus II. Bistram de Radlin was a lay judge at the district court in Dirschau and royal commissioner
        • Fabian II. Bistram († 1580) was a district judge on Kulm , Starost von Tolkemit and heir of Landsdorf ⚭II Ursula von Rembow
          • Christopher I. Freiherr von Bistram (1565-1620) moved to the Duchy of Courland and Semgallia and became the progenitor of the Baltic Bistrams. The Baltic Bistrams were divided into a Courland (donated by Christopher I) and an Estonian branch (donated by his grandson Georg Jürgen (1624–1687) see below). Over the years the Courland family has broken down into the following houses.

Courland houses

  • I. House of Lublin and Prussia
  • II. House Waddax
  • III. House Sehnjen, Nowidwor and Daudzogir
  • IV. House Zwirblan, Borklan and Lukian
  • V. Born-Rimahlen and Sussey House

Estonian lineage

Other personalities

coat of arms

The basic form of the family coat of arms of the Baltic Bistram comes from the coat of arms of the Polish coat of arms community Tarnawa. The 83 families of this coat of arms community were mostly resident in Tarnawa Górna (Zembrzyce) and the Lesser Poland Voivodeship .

Coat of arms of the Tarnawa coat of arms community

Polish coat of arms of the Tarnawa coat of arms community
Estonian family coat of arms of the von Bistram

The Polish coat of arms of the aristocratic community or heraldic community consists of a red coat of arms with a floating silver common cross , accompanied by a waxing golden moon at the bottom left . Five silver ostrich feathers on the crowned helmet . The helmet covers are red and silver.

Courland family coat of arms of those of Bistram

The Kurland barons residing in the line of the Christopher I Baron von Bistram continued to carry the unchanged Polish coat of arms of the Tarnawa community of coats of arms.

Estonian family coat of arms of the von Bistram

The Estonian descendants of Christopher I Freiherr von Bistram led a modification of the Polish coat of arms since Georg Jürgen von Bistram (1624–1687). A red shield with a floating silver Latin cross , accompanied at the lower right by a waning golden moon. On the crown of rank five alternating red and gold ostrich feathers between two red buffalo horns .

literature

Web links

Commons : House of Bistrom  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Matthias Bystram de Radlin . On: Research in East Prussia.
  2. ↑ Castle judges were the names of the judges who carried out the jurisdiction in and around castles and the associated places. See: German Encyclopedia or General Real Dictionary of All Arts and Sciences. Volume 4, Varrentrapp Sohn and Wenner, 1780, p. 628 ( digitized version of the National Library of the Czech Republic )
  3. ^ Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Bistram. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
  4. ^ Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Bistram. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
  5. ^ Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Bistram. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
  6. ^ Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Bistram. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
  7. ^ Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Bistram. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
  8. ↑ Bernd Funck: General Rodrigo Baron Bistram, a Baltic in Russian services. In: Familiengeschichtliche Blätter NF 4, 1991, pp. 210–212.
  9. ^ Carl Arvid Klingspor : Baltisches Wappenbuch , Stockholm 1882, p. 70 ; Baron Bistramb (Bistram). On: Adels-Vapen Wiki.
  10. ↑ Tarwana, see Tarnawa .
  11. ↑ Coat of arms of the Barons of Bistram.