Bonifazio Bevilacqua Aldobrandini

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Coat of arms of the Bevilacqua family

Bonifazio Bevilacqua Aldobrandini (* 1571 in Ferrara , † April 7, 1627 in Rome ) was an Italian Catholic cardinal .

Life

Bonifazio was born in Ferrara in 1571 as the fifth of eight children of Antonio Bevilacqua, Count of Macastorna and his second wife, Isabella Turchi. He was a relative of Pope Gregory XIV.

His training took place at the University of Padua in law , which he graduated in in utroque iure around 1590 . In the same year he entered the service of the Papal States . After his return to Ferrara, he was appointed archdeacon of the cathedral chapter there. After Clement VIII was elected , Bonifacio moved to Rome in 1591 and was given several minor offices. Appointments as governor of Fano (around 1593), governor of the Patrimonio of St. Peter (1593), advisor for the Apostolic Signature (1594), governor of Camerino (October 14, 1596) followed. Since he could not fulfill the residence obligation, he renounced the archdiaconate of Ferrara Cathedral in 1597.

In 1598 the Duchy of Ferrara was incorporated into the Papal States. Pope Clement VIII tried to win support by giving benefices to important Ferrarese families and the rise of Bevilacqua is closely connected to these events. On April 3, 1598 Bonifazio was elected titular patriarch of Constantinople . The election was based on dispensation because he was not of the required age. In 1601, Bonifacio was adopted by the Pope and given the right to use the name Aldobrandini and the coat of arms.

Politically, Bonifacio was always on the side of the French and against the Spaniards and their Borghese confidants . During the conclave of 1621 he succeeded in failing the election of Pietro Campori and in pushing through Alessandro Ludovisi. His behavior earned him the continuing hostility of both Cardinal Alessandro d'Este and that of Guido Bentivoglio .

On March 3, 1599 he was appointed cardinal priest in the consistory . He received the cardinal's hat on March 17, 1599 and the titular church of Sant'Anastasia al Palatino . On the same day he was also appointed prefect of the Sacra Congregazione della Consulta . From 1600 to 1606 he was a legate in Perugia and Umbria .

Bonifazio Bevilacqua decided several times to change the Titular Church: On February 26, 1601 for San Girolamo degli Schiavoni On August 31, 1611 for Santa Prisca On January 7, 1613 for San Pietro in Vincoli On March 29, 1621 for Santa Maria in Trastevere Am September 27, 1623 as Cardinal Bishop for the suburbicarian seat of Sabina. On September 7, 1626 as Cardinal Bishop of Frascati

On September 10, 1601 he was transferred to the bishopric of Cervia . In Cervia he had the Madonna della Neve church built.

On February 17, 1614, he replaced the late Cardinal Francesco Mantica as Camerlengo of the Holy College of Cardinals . He was re-elected in 1615 and held this office until 1616. In 1609, at the request of Bonifacio , Paul V awarded his two nephews, Francesco and Ludovico Bevilacqua, the title of marquese for the fiefs of Tornano and Serra. Ten years later, in 1619, the nephews ceded the castle of Tornano to Bonifacio, for which Pope Gregory XV. on March 3, 1622 the title of duke in recognition of his services. Finally, in 1622, the Republic of Lucca together with his nephews Antonio and Ferdinando Bevilacqua granted him honorary citizenship.

From 1621 to 1622 he was prefect of the Congregazione dell'Indice dei libri proibiti . From 1626 until his death he held the office of prefect for the Congregation for the Clergy .

Bonifacio was known as a cultured man and patron of the arts. In the church of Sant'Onofrio al Gianicolo he had the funeral monument of Torquato Tasso completed. He was especially taken with Ventura Salimbeni , the son of the Sienese artist Arcangelo Salimbeni (1567–1589) and Battista Focari, the widow of Eugenio Vanni. Cardinal Bonifazio introduced Ventura to Pope Sixtus V in 1588 . Ventura received his first commission from the Pope to decorate the frescoes for the Vatican Apostolic Library . In the years 1590–91 Salimbeni received the order from Cardinal Bevilacqua to decorate the churches of Il Gesù and Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome. In 1595 also the Oratorio della Compagnia della Santissima Trinità and the Church of Santo Spirito in Siena. While Bonifazio was governor of Foligno, he commissioned Salimbeni to paint the engagement of the Virgin Mary in the diocese's seminary. In Perugia, on behalf of the Cardinal, he made some panels for the Church of San Pietro , which probably earned him the title of Cavalier of the Order of the Golden Spur and the right to add Bevilacqua to his name. In 1612 he painted a portrait of Cardinal Bevilacqua which has been in the prestigious collection of Cardinal Giovanni Maria Riminaldi since 1763 ; today in the City Museum of Ferrara in the Palazzo Schifanoia .

Bonifazio took part in the following conclaves : First conclave of 1605 that Pope Leo XI. elected Second Conclave of 1605 that Pope Paul V elected Conclave of 1621 that Pope Gregory XV. chose the conclave of 1623 that Pope Urban VIII. chose

Bonifacio died on April 7, 1627 and was buried in the chapel of San Sebastiano Martire in the church of Sant'Andrea della Valle in Rome.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Church of the Madonna della Neve .
  2. ↑ Raffaele Moretti:  SALIMBENI, Alessandro, ditto Ventura. In: Raffaele Romanelli (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 89:  Rovereto – Salvemini. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2017.
  3. ↑ Treccani

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Bevilacqua, Bonifazio
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bevilacqua Aldobrandini, Bonifazio
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian cardinal and bishop
DATE OF BIRTH 1571
PLACE OF BIRTH Ferrara
DATE OF DEATH April 7, 1627
Place of death Rome