Brownish sedge

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Brownish sedge
Brownish sedge (Carex brunnescens)

Brownish sedge ( Carex brunnescens )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sourgrass family (Cyperaceae)
Genre : Sedges ( Carex )
Type : Brownish sedge
Scientific name
Carex brunnescens
( Pers. ) Poir.

The brownish sedge ( Carex brunnescens ) is a species of plant in the genus Sedges ( Carex ). It is widespread in the northern hemisphere .

description

illustration
Herbarium evidence

Appearance and leaf

The brownish sedge is a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 15 to 50, rarely up to 70 centimeters. It does not form runners and grows in small, loose clumps . The vegetative parts of the plant above ground are grass green. The leaves are 1.5 to 2 mm wide with a rough edge.

Inflorescence, flower and fruit

The interrupted inflorescence of the same age is up to 4 centimeters long and usually contains four to six, rarely ten spikelets. The lower spikelets are spaced apart. A bract is missing or has short foliage. The initially dark green, later brown spikelets are 3 to 5 mm long, are spherical and contain few flowers . The lower flowers are male, so there are empty bracts at the base for fruit ripening. The bract is brown-white skin-margined. There are two scars .

The nuts are 2 to 3.5 mm long, egg-shaped, have no wings, are longer than the bract, blunt at the tip and with short beaks. The beak is slit on the back.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 56.

Occurrence and systematics

The brownish sedge is circumpolar in the northern hemisphere . It is a meridional-montane to arctic, boreal flora element . It is common in North America and Alaska , in the west to the east coast of Labrador , in the mountains to South Carolina . It occurs in Greenland and Iceland . Its distribution area extends in Europe almost through the whole of Fenno-Sandinavien to the highest north, south to northern Poland , East Prussia , Belarus . In Asia it is widespread from Siberia to Kamchatka and as far as northern Japan . The brownish sedge occurs in Central Europe, for example in Germany, Austria, the Czech Republic, Switzerland and Poland. In southern Central Europe it occurs mainly in the Alps , and individual occurrences are also known in central France , in the southern Black Forest , in the Alpine foothills, in the Ore Mountains and the Giant Mountains . In Asia it thrives in the Caucasus and some Central Asian mountains. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises from 1300 meters to 2080 meters above sea level (at the summit of the Diedamskopf in Vorarlberg).

The brownish sedge grows in forests, wet meadows, fens and green alder bushes on dammed to oozing, base-poor, sandy-clayey, acidic humus soils. It thrives in the societies of the Nardion stricti association.

Two subspecies can be distinguished:

  • Carex brunnescens subsp. brunnescens : It occurs in the temperate zones of the northern hemisphere.
  • Carex brunnescens subsp. sphaerostachya (Tuck.) Kalela : It occurs from central and eastern Canada to the northern eastern and central United States.

In Central Europe, a distinction is made between two varieties, the common brownish sedge ( Carex brunnescens (Pers.) Poir. Var. Brunnescens ) and the larger, large-fruited brownish sedge ( Carex brunnescens var. Vitilis (Fr.) Kalela ).

literature

  • Rudolf Schubert , Klaus Werner, Hermann Meusel (eds.): Excursion flora for the areas of the GDR and the FRG . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 13th edition. tape 2 : vascular plants . People and knowledge, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-06-012539-2 (area).
  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi, Arno Wörz (eds.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . tape 8 : Special part (Spermatophyta, subclasses Commelinidae part 2, Arecidae, Liliidae part 2): Juncaceae to Orchidaceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1998, ISBN 3-8001-3359-8 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  176 .
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 253.
  3. ↑ a b c Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Carex brunnescens. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 14, 2016.

Web links

Commons : Brownish Sedge ( Carex brunnescens )  - Album containing pictures, videos and audio files