Henning Brabandt

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Henning Brabandt, oil painting, Prague 1602. The little cup identifies him as an official, not a clergyman. In his left hand he holds a lemon, emblem of moderation .
Memorial plaque on the Hagenmarkt
Street sign at the Gewandhaus

Henning Brabandt , also Brabant or Braband (* around 1550 in Braunschweig ; † September 17, 1604 ibid) was a German lawyer , Braunschweig mayor and ducal court procurator .

life and work

Henning Brabandt was born around 1550 as the son of Henning Brabandt the Elder, a new citizen from Celle . Ä. and his wife, an old town councilor's daughter, born in Braunschweig. He attended the Martineum there and then worked as a clerk for a relative in Celle, the princely secretary Johann Rodewolt. He found his pupil a job as clerk with Christoph von der Schulenburg , the provost of the Diesdorf monastery . On his recommendation, Brabandt went to Frankfurt an der Oder , where he worked for the law scholar Ludolph Schrader from Braunschweig . At the university there he attended lectures in law as a guest student.

Notary in Braunschweig

His legal knowledge enabled him to establish himself as a notary in his hometown in 1575. In the same year he married the Lüchower merchant's daughter Anna Brandes († 1579), after whose early death he entered into a second marriage with Catharina von dem Broke in 1581. In 1577, Brabandt received his approval as procurator at the Wolfenbüttel court court. He was admitted to the bar in 1590 despite the lack of a degree or doctorate.

The Brabandt Revolution from 1601 to 1604

The respected notary Brabandt was elected to the head of the burgher captains, who, with their demand for more say and democratization, were in conflict with the council ruled by the urban patricians. The inner-city political and social tensions were exacerbated by the ongoing dispute with the Guelph sovereign, Duke Heinrich Julius , who had been ruling since 1589, and who demanded his sovereign rights over the city.

Brabandt's personal defense (1604). In it he had to u. a. defend himself against the accusation that he had magical association with a raven.

Brabandt was able to unite large parts of the poor city population in particular. On May 28, 1601, the old council was forced to sign the "New Recess", which significantly diminished its power and gave the citizen captains a strong say. The patricians lost their dominant position in the new council of 1602. In addition to Duke Heinrich Julius, Emperor Rudolf II intermittently intervened in the inner-city conflict , at whose court in Prague Brabandt twice traveled to negotiations in 1602 and 1603, which ultimately remained fruitless .

The mood of the citizens visibly changed to the disadvantage of Brabandt, which was not least due to the hate sermons of the conservative clergy against the burgher captains. After Brabandt had prevented a citizen who had freed three church thieves who had been sentenced to death from being executed himself, the city clergy imposed an excommunication on him and the other citizen captains on September 26, 1603 . The unrest came to a head on September 3, 1604, when Brabandt's opponents gathered in the Hagenmarkt and his supporters in the old town market . There was a hunt for the burghers and their supporters. Brabandt initially managed to escape, but injured himself in the process and was taken prisoner by the Landwehr near Broitzem in his hiding place near the Rothenburg Tower .

The revenge of the old council was discharged in the immediate criminal trial that followed. Under the torture Brabandt confessed to connections with Duke Heinrich Julius, to whom he allegedly wanted to hand over the city. The confession continued to include incitement to riot and an alliance with the devil . The guilty verdict was followed by Brabandt's execution on September 17, 1604 on the Hagenmarkt. The procedure, cruel even for the time, is described in great detail in Christoph Gerke's city ​​chronicle. Several supporters of Brabandt were also executed.

Afterlife

Brabandt's life found echo in the fine arts and literature. The writer Adolf Glaser (1829–1915) created the “historical tragedy” Hennig Braband (1857). A depiction of the escape and capture of Brabandt is known by the Braunschweig history painter Ludwig Tacke (1823–1899).

The Brabandtstrasse in Braunschweig has been named after Henning Brabandt since 1883 and branches off from the southeast corner of the old town market to the south. A memorial plaque on the Hagenmarkt also commemorates him.

literature

Web links

Commons : Henning Brabandt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ inschriften.net
  2. ↑ esskultur.net ; see. Vanitas # food
  3. ^ Karl Adolf Menzel (1833) about Henning Brabandt and the 'Braunschweiger Revolution' , here pp. 229–230
  4. ↑ ZVAB
personal data
SURNAME Brabandt, Henning
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Brabant, Henning
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Brunswick citizen captain and ducal court procurator
DATE OF BIRTH around 1550
PLACE OF BIRTH Braunschweig
DATE OF DEATH September 17, 1604
Place of death Braunschweig