Burgstall Rauhenberg

Burgstall Rauhenberg
Creation time :	probably 10th or 11th century
Castle type :	Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status:	Burgstall
Place:	Spelled shards - Anried
Geographical location	48 ° 20 '22.4 "  N , 10 ° 30' 57.1"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 20 '22.4 "  N , 10 ° 30' 57.1"  E
Height:	540.5  m above sea level NN

The Burgstall Rauhenberg (district Anried ) is located about 2300 meters west of the Dinkelscherbener district Ettelried ( district Augsburg , Bavarian Swabia ) on a hill. The well-preserved ground monument is likely to go back to a high medieval castle of the Lords of Rauhenberg and Ettelried.

history

The Burgstall is hidden away from the traffic routes on a wooded slope above a side valley of the Brunnenwiesbach. The one-part system of the castle with its slope ditches is reminiscent of the small early medieval, especially Hungarian fortifications in the area.

However, the Burgplatz could not have been built until the 11th century as the seat of a Welf ministerial family . The Reichenbachtal area was cleared and settled from the Zusamtal .

In the 12th century a Marquard von Ettelried appears in a document. According to local tradition, the residence of the Lords of Rauhenberg is said to have been within the walls. This gender cannot be proven in the written sources, but is considered to be the founder of the parish of Ettelried.

In the High Middle Ages, renaming was not uncommon among the lower nobility . It is possible that a branch of the Ettelrieder was named after the castle on the Rauhenberg, which was either built into an older hill fort or was actually rebuilt at that time. Until a professional archaeological examination of the monument has been carried out, all relevant considerations must remain speculative. However, two late Celtic square entrenchments (“Eichbühel”, “Vogelburger Berg”) and a group of burial mounds near Burtenbach prove the early historical settlement of this area.

description

The Burgplatz lies on a spur of the terrain of the Rauhenberg jutting out to the west. The trapezoidal interior (approx. 100 × 50 meters) is separated from the ridge by a sickle-shaped ditch . In the south and west, the trench continues as a slope around the plateau. The northern part of the moat has probably slipped. Here, the trench excavation was heaped up to the west to form a distinctive round trench head. A similar trench head can also be seen on the southeast slope.

The Ringraben is partially accompanied by ramparts and is up to 7.5 meters deep. In the middle of the eastern front, two gate walls mark the original entrance to the castle.

Some excavation pits on the castle plateau are likely to indicate the locations of former buildings. The largest pit in the middle of the west side indicates a tower - probably a keep . The building material for the main tower and the ring walls could be broken on the spot. Even today some Nagelfluh banks jump out of the mountain slopes. At the nearby Wolfsberg Castle near Steinekirch , an impressive remnant of such a high medieval main tower made from this conglomerate rock has been preserved.

Typologically, the Burgstall is an example of an early aristocratic castle with a main tower and circular wall of particular interest for regional castle lore. The complex stands at the transition from the early medieval wood and earth castle to the representative stone castle as the seat of a family of high medieval servants.

The Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments lists the ground monument as a medieval castle stable under the monument number D 7-7629-0022.

literature

• Otto Schneider: Burgstall Rauhenberg west of Ettelried . In: Hermann Endrös (Hrsg.): Guide to archaeological monuments in Swabia, Volume 1: Archaeological walks around Augsburg . Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart and Aalen 1977, ISBN 3-8062-0185-4 , pp. 93-95.
• Wilhelm Neu and Frank Otten: District of Augsburg (Bavarian art monuments, brief inventory, XXX). Munich 1970.
• Otto Schneider: Surveying the medieval castle "Rauhenberg" . In: Annual report of the Heimatverein for the Augsburg district , 1970.

Topographical survey

• Otto Schneider: Archaeological walks around Augsburg , p. 94

Individual evidence

1. ^ Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation: Entry ( memento from April 19, 2016 in the Internet Archive )