Spyelberg Castle Stables

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Spyelberg Castle Stables
The stump of the round tower of the former castle

The stump of the round tower of the former castle

Alternative name (s): Spyelberg, Spylburck Castle, Spielberger Castle
Creation time : probably 12th century
Castle type : Niederungsburg, moth
Conservation status: Tower stump
Place: Brachttal - Spielberg
Geographical location 50 ° 18 '28.2 "  N , 9 ° 16' 14.5"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 18 '28.2 "  N , 9 ° 16' 14.5"  E
Height: 351  m above sea level NN
Burgstall Spyelberg (Hesse)
Spyelberg Castle Stables
View from the south into the tower stump
View from Brunnenstrasse to Burgstall (center of picture)

The castle stable Spyelberg , also called Burg Spielberg , was a tower hill castle (Motte) and later a moated castle in Spielberg , now part of the municipality of Brachttal in the Main-Kinzig district in the Hessian Spessart . The ruin of the castle is a Hessian cultural monument .

location

The stump of a small round tower is located in the center of Spielberg at Burgstrasse 4 , access is only possible via private property in Brunnenstrasse . The Burgstall lies almost in the middle of the circle formed by Schulwaldstrasse, Brunnenstrasse and the end of Burgstrasse. It can be assumed that they show the course of the ramparts of the formerly larger castle grounds.

history

The castle is said to have been mentioned for the first time around 1170/90. It was built in the original Büdinger Reichsforst ( Büdinger Forest ) around the time of Emperor Barbarossa . Feudal lords were the lords of Büdingen . Ulrich Gascher, a hobby archaeologist and who has been researching the castle for many years, suspects it was initially built as a simple hilltop castle.

However, the lords of Büdingen died out as early as 1241. Whether the castle connect to 1244, according to other sources in 1258 as mayor of Gelnhausen mentioned Reinboldus of Spiegelberg (de Spegelberge) had is not to prove.

The noble family von Trimberg , who came from Lower Franconia around their ancestral castle Trimburg , became part of the Büdinger family. According to Ulrich Gascher's assumption, the Kleinburg was only used by the Trimbergers as a hunting stay, but certainly also to manage and secure their clearings in the Büdinger Forest. In 1365 the castle was first documented as Spyelberg . The Trimburgians also died out just 150 years later with the death of Arrois von Trimberg , third-born son and fourth child of Konrad von Trimberg , on November 4, 1384. According to the literature, the legacy of the von Trimberg family and all of their possessions went to the Würzburg monastery . However, via the Breubergers , who married into the Trimbergers on their mother's side , the decline of the Trimbergers shortly before their extinction and the inheritance disputes over the property of the Büdinger, the high aristocratic family of the Ysenburger came into the castle possession, possibly because they had already acquired the castle property in 1365.

The castle probably served as the official residence of one of the twelve riding foresters of the Büdinger Forest, named Focke . Focke was in possession of the forestry center "Oberamt", but in 1394 it was returned to the Isenburg family. The Ysenburgers lent this forestry hat to Henne Erffe , from the family branch of the forestry master von Gelnhausen . In the same year, 1394, Johann I von Ysenburg (1378-1395) had a new castle built. From then on, Spielberg Castle was assumed to be a massive stone structure surrounded by a moat .

In the 15th century, Count Diether I von Isenburg (1408–1461) converted the castle into a fortified complex and had the castle equipped with guns . In 1480, Count Ludwig II of Ysenburg in Büdingen (1461–1511) lent the castle to Junker Diether von Ysenburg , an illegitimate son of Diether von Isenburg . Junker Diether did not live permanently at the castle either, but rather in the larger Birstein . Four years later, a long-term process between the Ysenburg family and the forester from Gelnhausen ended before the court court . Count Ludwig II was able to buy the office from the forester and obtain his own loan . The castle then became the official seat again.

At the beginning of the 16th century the castle was made more pleasant, equipped with tiled stoves and equipment such as pots, kettles, tapestries , beds and supplies were delivered to the castle. Glass panes were added to the windows for the first time in 1550 and the rooms were painted.

Around 1552, further castle-like conversions and extensions took place under Count Anton von Isenburg-Büdingen zu Ronneburg (1501–1560). According to the marriage contract, he designated the castle as Wittum for his daughter-in-law Barbara Countess von Wertheim . In 1577, after the early death of her husband Georg Graf von Ysenburg-Ronneburg (1528–1577), she was finally assigned to Spielberg Castle. The Spielberg court served her for maintenance and care until her remarriage in 1586. During this time, the castle was also known as Spylburck Castle .

In 1601, Count Wolfgang Ernst I of Isenburg-Büdingen in Birstein , Burgrave of Gelnhausen (1560–1633), after lengthy inheritance disputes, received the rights to the castle and appointed his official Johann Wilhelm von Lauter as bailiff at the castle.

In the spring of 1624, the horrors of the Thirty Years' War also reached the Spielberg court, and on May 8th the Spielberg castle and 46 houses in the village burned down. The carelessness of the billeted French is said to have caused the fire.

The castle was never rebuilt. It can be assumed that its remains were used to rebuild the houses of the place. In 1684 only the farm buildings, as part of the Isenburg-Büdingen-Wächtersbach county, are mentioned. In 1865 the castle grounds were still owned by Ysenburg, but were only mentioned as remains in the count's garden .

The last remains were demolished in 1955.

Plant and current condition

The preserved, partially dug remains of the residential tower and a moat point to the later complex as a moated castle. The original castle complex was no larger than about 20 × 15 meters and consisted of the tower castle, the castle courtyard with a defensive wall and a moat in front. A drawing of the “ manorial courtyard ” in Spielberg by a surveyor Budden , dated 1770, shows the remains of the castle with the adjoining estate. Today only the remains of the tower are visible.

The first excavations for the castle took place in 1988. During further excavations between 2007 and 2013, remains of the castle furnishings were found in the former moat. Exhibits partially restored from it are in the Brachttal Museum in Spielberg. Ceramic finds, including fragments of tiles, drinking vessels made of glass and peasant dance mugs, dated around 1350, are very similar to finds from the nearby desert of Stubach and Bartenstein Castle in western Spessart. The showpiece among the finds is the fitting of a knight's belt, which is classified as dating back to the 14th century.

literature

  • Rudolf Knappe: Medieval castles in Hessen. 800 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. 3. Edition. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-228-6 , p. 385 f.
  • Ulrich Gascher (Ed.): The hidden castle Spielberg. Amtsburg, Jagdstation, Witwensitz (on the occasion of the exhibition “The Hidden Castle Spielberg” on the “Day of the Open Monument” in the Brachttal Museum Spielberg on September 13, 2008) , Center for Regional History , Gelnhausen 2008, 45 pages
  • Klaus-Peter Decker: Spielberg: Amtsburg - hunting station - widow's seat , Wächtersbach history collection, 2009,
  • Walter Nieß: Spielberg - New Investigations into a Forgotten Castle , Büdingen History Workshop, Joachim Cott, 2006

Web links

Commons : Burgstall Spyelberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Waltraud Friedrich: Main-Kinzig-Kreis II.1 Bad Orb, Biebergemünd, Birstein, Brachttal, Freigericht , ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen, Theiss-Verlag, Darmstadt 2011, ISBN 978-3806224696 .
  2. ↑ a b c Entry on Wasserburg Spielberg in the private database "Alle Burgen". Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Ulrich Gascher (Ed.): The hidden castle of Spielberg. District castle, hunting station, widow's seat
  4. ↑ a b c d Knappe: Medieval castles in Hessen , p. 386
  5. ↑ cf. Trimberg tribe list
  6. ↑ In the early days, the Isenburg residents were usually recorded as Ysenburgers.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g h Burg Spielberg: Amtsburg - Jagdstation - Witwensitz Website, based on literature by Klaus-Peter Decker and Walter Nieß; accessed on March 8, 2017
  8. ↑ www.brachttal-museum.de and museums in Hessen: Brachttal Museum
  9. ^ The Wüstung Stubach - Finds , website from spessartprojekt.de ; accessed on March 8, 2017