Carl Friedrich von Müller

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Colonel von Müller, portrait of Adolph Scharenberg , since 1945 in the State Museum Schwerin

Carl Joachim Friedrich von Müller (born February 7, 1768 in Gartow, Oststernberg district , today Chartów, Gmina Słońsk ; † January 19, 1824 in Bützow ) was a German officer and landowner.

Life

Carl Joachim Friedrich Müller came from a middle-class Mecklenburg family. He was a son of David Ulrich Müller, lieutenant in the Dragoons regiment von Kleist, and his wife Johanna Konstanze von Seydlitz . Like his father, he entered the Prussian military service at a young age and served in the 10th Old Prussian Hussar Regiment . Under Friedrich Gideon von Wolky he took part as a second lieutenant in the campaign in Poland to suppress the Kościuszko uprising . At the Battle of Praga on November 4, 1794, he accompanied the attack of the Russian Army with courage and zeal and delivered the official report. At the suggestion of Alexander Wassiljewitsch Suvorov , he was awarded the order Pour le Mérite for this. With an imperial diploma dated March 8, 1795, he and his uncle Karl Ludwig Müller received imperial nobility on Groß Siemen . Mecklenburg-Schwerin recognized the nobility in 1801.

In 1801 he took his leave, who gave him the character as Captain was granted. He settled in Mecklenburg and successively acquired a number of goods. First he bought Gramzow, then in 1804 Schabow ( Lindholz ) from Friedrich Ludwig Henning von Bassewitz , which he sold to August Wilhelm von der Lühe in 1810 . In the same year, 1810, he was accepted as a personalist in the Mecklenburg nobility , although he was not the owner of an estate eligible for the state parliament.

For a time he was the concessionaire of the sovereign casino in Bad Doberan, founded in 1802 .

Wars of Liberation

After Duke Friedrich Franz I of Mecklenburg-Schwerin had received an invitation to fight against Napoleon from Tsar Alexander I , he was the first German prince to break away from the Confederation on March 14, 1813 . A few days later, on March 26th, he called on the Mecklenburg population to procure weapons and equipment.

Mecklenburg-Schwerin volunteer hunters and Mecklenburg-Strelitz C hussars (after Richard Knötel 1890)

As early as March 23, von Müller had offered the duke his services "for the possible establishment of a regiment of cavalry". Together with Friedrich August Bernhard Graf von der Osten-Sacken auf Bellin (1780–1861) he received from the Duke the supreme command of the Mecklenburg volunteer hunters . From the Osten-Sacken commanded the foot troops, Müller the mounted hunters ( hunters on horseback ). His patent as colonel, dated March 31, he received on April 6, 1813. The two Jägerkorps were set up in Güstrow. At the beginning of May 1813, the mounted hunter corps was relocated to Parchim. Military training was continued here.

On June 5, 1813, the mounted hunters were moved to the Pritzier area under von Müller ; however, due to the armistice in Pläswitz , they were initially not used and withdrew to Bützow . They then became part of the Northern Army under Swedish command, which was set up according to the Trachenberg Plan between the Baltic Sea and Elbe in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. The Russian-German Legion under Ludwig von Wallmoden-Gimborn and the Hanseatic Legion united with it . The division in Mecklenburg was under the command of Eberhard Ernst Gotthard von Vegesack from July 20, 1813 and was therefore also known as the Vegesack division . It faced the left wing of Napoleon's armies under Louis-Nicolas Davout , François Antoine Lallemand and Louis Henri Loison , which advanced to Mecklenburg in August 1813 and occupied Schwerin on August 23, but all along the line on the same day after the Battle of Großbeeren came under pressure. On August 22nd, the hunters fought a skirmish at the Black Mill northeast of Lübeck with the outpost of the French garrison of Lübeck, Danish dragoons. On the 24th the entire division withdrew to Schwaan . On August 28th the battle broke out near Rechov . Then the French troops retreated, pursued by the hunters as the avant-garde . Via Wismar it went to Lübeck, where the hunters carried out the successful attack on Dassow on September 4th .

Battle of Sehestedt. Painting by Jørgen Valentin Sonne (ca.1822)

Until the beginning of October the hunters secured the front line, which ran immediately east of Lübeck via Ratzeburg and Mölln to Lauenburg / Elbe and Boizenburg . On October 6th there was a battle with heavy losses for the hunters near Schlagsdorf / Schlagbrügge. A longer outpost service followed along the Stecknitz line . Müller's headquarters remained in Schönberg (Mecklenburg) . The French army withdrew to Hamburg on November 30th , and Lübeck was liberated on December 6th. The Jahers then marched on Holstein to fight the Danish troops allied with the French. The mounted hunters reached Westensee on December 9th and fought the following day in the battle of Sehestedt . Müller's regiment lost 23 dead, 31 injured, including Major Prince Gustav zu Mecklenburg , and 24 prisoners and 101 horses on the battlefield, which was unfavorable for cavalry . For his courageous work under the most adverse conditions, Müller was awarded the Order of the Sword , 12 of the hunters received the Medal of the Order of the Sword. After the battle, Müller moved to Gut Emkendorf . The living conditions of his soldiers and the rural population in the later so-called Cossack winter were extremely bad. At the beginning of January the hunters advanced to Eckernförde . Here they experienced the Peace of Kiel on January 14, 1814.

After the peace agreement in the north, the three remaining squadrons of the mounted hunters were moved via Kiel and Lübeck to Boizenburg, where they crossed the frozen Elbe. Via Hanover it went to Münster. The Rhine was crossed at Mühlheim on March 6th . The hunters were used in the siege of Jülich . The First Peace of Paris ended the campaign; on June 7th, the hunters marched back to Mecklenburg, where they were enthusiastically received. Müller and his staff were billeted in Doberan.

In August 1814, the Jäger Regiment was dissolved.

After the peace agreement

In 1815 Müller acquired Striggow ( Hoppenrade ) with Augustenberg from the Hahn brothers. In 1822 he was one of the founding members of the Association for English Thoroughbred Breeding in Mecklenburg, which also organized the horse races in Bad Doberan.

He was married to his cousin Luise Sophie von Müller (1783-1817). The couple had two sons and a daughter. The son Karl Friedrich Viktor (1802-1886) gave Striggow in 1838 and became grand ducal forester.

Awards

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of noble houses 1922, p. 606
  2. ^ Marcelli Janecki : Handbook of the Prussian nobility. Volume 1, Berlin 1892, p. 406 (with family tree)
  3. ↑ Lehmann (lit.)
  4. ↑ a b c d Carl Schröder: Diary of the Hereditary Prince Friedrich Ludwig von Meklenburg-Schwerin from the years 1811-1813. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology 65 (1900), pp. 123–304 ( full text ), here p. 256 note 1
  5. ^ Gustav von Lehsten: The nobility of Mecklenburg since the land constitutional hereditary comparisons (1755). Rostock 1864, p. 177
  6. ↑ Werner Behm: The Mecklenburgers in the Wars of Liberation 1813 to 1815. Richard Hermes Verlag, Hamburg 1913, p. 21.
  7. ↑ Klaus-Ullrich Keubke, Uwe Polenz: The Mecklenburgers in the Napoleonic Wars 1806-1815. Writings on the history of Mecklenburg, Schwerin 2011, ISBN 978-3-00-034517-3 , p. 43.
  8. ^ Reprinted by Hugo von Boddien: The Mecklenburgische Freiwilligen-Jäger-Regiments: Memories from the years 1813 and 1814. Rostock: Hinstorff 1863 ( digitized version ), p. 7
  9. ↑ Boddien (Lit.), pp. 144f
  10. ↑ See the commendation by Ludwig von Wallmoden-Gimborn in Boddien (lit.), p. 151
  11. ^ Archives for regional studies in the Grossherzogthümen Mecklenburg and Revüe der Landwirtschaft 18 (1868), p. 323
  12. ↑ Alexander von Lengerke: Representation of agriculture in the Grand Duchies of Mecklenburg: According to their own view and practice. Königsberg: Borntr: ager 1831, p. 305
  13. ^ Marcelli Janecki : Handbook of the Prussian nobility. Volume 1, Berlin 1892, p. 413
personal data
SURNAME Müller, Carl Friedrich von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Müller, Carl Joachim Friedrich von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German officer and landowner
DATE OF BIRTH February 7, 1768
PLACE OF BIRTH Gartow, Oststernberg district , today Chartów, Gmina Słońsk
DATE OF DEATH January 19, 1824
Place of death Bützow