Neustift am Walde

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Neustift am Walde
coat of arms map
Coat of arms Neustift am Walde Map salmannsdorf neustift.jpg
View of Neustift am Walde from Mitterwurzergasse, the Hofstädten vineyard in the foreground

Neustift am Walde was an independent municipality until the end of 1891 and is now a district of Vienna in the 19th  district of Döbling as well as one of the 89 Viennese cadastral communities (the latter also has the name Neustift am Wald )

geography

Neustift covers an area of ​​209.85  hectares . Of this, over a quarter (58 ha), mainly the Dorotheer Forest and the Neustift cemetery , is in the district of Währing , while the Döblinger part of Neustift (151.85 ha) includes the old town center.

Neustift is located northwest of Pötzleinsdorf , west of Sievering , east of Neuwaldegg and southeast of Salmannsdorf . The village is laid out in two long rows of houses, separated by a narrow street that accompanies the upper Krottenbach . A road connects Neustift am Walde with Salmannsdorf and the Crimea .

history

Street sign for Neustift am Walde
Neustift parish church
Center of Neustift am Walde
Neustifter Hauerkrone moving on August 20, 2011

Naming

The name Neustift was first mentioned in a document as early as 1330 and probably comes from the fact that a new foundation was established on the forest to the west of it after the downfall of Chlainzings. The name Glanzing is used today for the part of Pötzleinsdorf belonging to the 19th district.

Neustift in the Middle Ages

Neustift am Walde was probably founded as a successor settlement to the Chlainzing desert . In addition to the place name, characteristics for this are the place form and the systematic clearing and settlement. The residents were farmers who mainly produced for their own needs. Wine was grown for sale . Neustift was initially owned by different owners. The parish affiliation also changed. The deed of foundation of the Sievering parish church from 1330 shows that the Neustifters built a church in Sievering together with the population of Sievering and Salmannsdorf. The parish affiliation subsequently changed from Heiligenstadt to the Sievering parish. In 1413 the Zink brothers sold the property to the pastor of Gars am Kamp , who in turn founded the Augustinian Canons' Monastery of St. Dorothea and in 1414 handed over his property to the monastery. In 1435 the place already had 24 houses.

Neustift in modern times

Similar to the neighboring settlements, Neustift am Walde was badly affected during the two Turkish sieges. A particularly bad harvest during Maria Theresa's time led to a special custom in Neustift. After the empress exempted the town from taxes, the vintners brought the empress a wine tavern crown. With the order to hold a Kirtag on August 16, the anniversary of the church patron Rochus von Montpellier , the crown came back to Neustift. Today it is kept in the Kronenstüberl of the Eischer family. In the meantime, for reasons of conservation, a copy is no longer used for the annual Hauerkronen parade.

In 1713 the plague raged in Neustift and in the same year the Rochus Chapel was donated by an Italian merchant as a memorial . When Joseph II had the Dorotheastift dissolved, Neustift am Walde came to the Klosterneuburg monastery . In addition, Neustift was raised to its own parish and the chapel was converted into the Neustift parish church . Neustift recovered only with difficulty from the damage caused by the French troops at the beginning of the 19th century. From the middle of the 19th century, however, there was an upswing in the place due to tourism ( summer vacation ). The houses were furnished with guest rooms for wealthy Viennese, and some guest houses were also built. Neustift am Walde, however, remained a tranquil place. The threat posed by the Krottenbach was finally averted in 1908/09 by overbuilding after the creek had flooded Neustift for the last time in 1907.

In 1892 Neustift am Walde was incorporated into Vienna as the Währing district together with Salmannsdorf, Währing , Weinhaus , Gersthof and Pötzleinsdorf. In 1938 the villages of Neustift am Walde and Salmannsdorf were added to the 19th district (Döbling). The Neustift cemetery remained part of the Währing district.

Today Neustift am Walde is a popular wine tavern . In summer there is still a well-attended Kirtag in memory of Maria Theresa's tax decree .

economy

The distribution of the fields at the beginning of the 19th century shows the importance of forest and wine. In 1826, a third of the corridors consisted of forest and a quarter each of vineyards and meadows. Agriculture made up just under ten percent.

growth of population

In 1435 the place consisted of 24 houses and subsequently barely grew. In 1832 the place had 38 houses with 307 inhabitants, about as many as around 40 years earlier. Neustift did not take part in the growth of the surrounding towns in the 19th century. In 1850 the place had grown to 50 houses with 575 inhabitants, in 1890 the place consisted of 73 houses in which 483 people lived.

traffic

Originally there was a switching car connection via Neustift to Salmannsdorf, whose endpoints on the city side often changed. The operators also changed several times for financial reasons. However, this line was the only parking wagon line subsidized by the City of Vienna. In 1908, however, the Vienna city trams themselves opened a trolleybus line based on the Mercédès-Électrique-Stoll system from Pötzleinsdorf via Neustift am Walde to Salmannsdorf. As one of the longest-lived lines according to this system, it was only replaced by a bus line with the line designation 23 in 1938 , but this was completely discontinued the following year.

In 1928 a bus line was opened via Krottenbachstraße to Neustift and Salmannsdorf (from 1935 line 20). Because of war-important operations on the line, this line was the last bus line in Vienna that was still in operation during the Second World War . In 1942 the conversion to trolleybus operation began. From 1946 the place was again served by trolleybuses when the trolleybus line 22 from the Währinger Gürtel to Salmannsdorf went into operation. In 1958 there was finally a return to bus service. The line designation was 22 from 1946 to 1961, 39A until 1972 and 35A until today. Today this leads from the Spittelau station via Krottenbachstraße and Neustift am Walde to the final stop at Salmannsdorf.

literature

  • Jutta Fiegl: The development of viticulture and the Heurigen business in Neustift am Walde. Dissertation, University of Vienna 1983

Web links

Commons : Neustift am Walde  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Directory 2001 Vienna , ed. v. Statistics Austria, Vienna 2005, pp. 83–85.

Coordinates: 48 ° 15 '  N , 16 ° 18'  E