Darmstadt Cross
| Darmstadt Cross | |
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| Country: | Germany |
| State : | Hesse |
| Coordinates: | 49 ° 51 '30 " N , 8 ° 35' 53" E |
| Height: | 99 m above sea level NN |
| Basic data | |
| Design type: | Two forks (incomplete cross) |
| Bridges: | 3 (motorway) |
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| Sign for the Darmstadt Cross (A 5) | |
The Darmstädter Kreuz , or formerly Kreuz Darmstadt , is a motorway junction in Hesse , which is located in the Rhine-Main area . This is where the federal highways 5 ( Hattenbacher Dreieck - Frankfurt am Main - Basel ) and 67 ( Mönchhof-Dreieck - Viernheimer Dreieck ) meet .
geography
The motorway junction is mostly in the area of the city of Darmstadt and a small part in the area of the city of Griesheim in the Darmstadt West Forest. It is also located about 40 km north of Mannheim and about 30 km south of Frankfurt am Main.
The Darmstädter Kreuz bears the number 26 on the BAB 5, the number 6 on the BAB 67. The respective junction number is also used on both motorways for the north-facing junction with the BAB 672 .
history
The Frankfurt – Darmstadt – Mannheim – Heidelberg motorway was the first Reichsautobahn built during the National Socialist era according to road plans from the 1920s ( HaFraBa ) between 1933 and 1935 and opened to traffic in two sections. The section between the Darmstadt and Heidelberg junction was opened on October 3, 1935. A junction led from the Autobahn to Reichsstraße 26 between Darmstadt and Griesheim .
After the end of the Second World War, private transport increased slowly, so that by the end of the 1950s, an average of over 40,000 vehicles drove the route section every day. Since 1961, a second north-south connection between the Rhine-Main and Rhine-Neckar areas has been built to relieve the old route and to create a direct connection to the south, without going through Mannheim.
The first section of the Main-Neckar expressway was completed in 1964 and led from the Cologne – Frankfurt motorway (today's BAB 3 ) via Rüsselsheim and Groß-Gerau to Büttelborn . The continuation from Büttelborn to Griesheim was built until 1965 and merged with the B 26 northeast of Griesheim . In the same year, construction work began on the Darmstädter Kreuz and the continuation of the Schnellweg towards Heidelberg. By 1966, the corner connection between the Cologne – Frankfurt autobahn and the Frankfurt – Mannheim autobahn had been completed.
After three years of construction, the section of the subsequent line to the Pfungstadt junction (today's name Darmstadt-Eberstadt ) was opened to traffic on August 23, 1968 , making the Darmstadt cross completely passable. The then Federal Transport Minister Georg Leber was present at the opening ceremony . The connection from Groß-Gerau to the B 26 was therefore no longer available.
The old junction from the Frankfurt – Mannheim line to the B 26 fell away with the construction of the cross-connection to Darmstadt's Rheinstraße, which was developed as a motorway and via which the B 26 can be reached from all directions. This was completed in 1970 and has been called Bundesautobahn 672 (BAB 672) since the introduction of today's numbering system in 1975 . At the same time, the Hattenbacher Dreieck – Frankfurt – Basel route was given the number BAB 5 and the Mönchhof-Dreieck – Mannheim route was given the number BAB 67. In order to avoid double numbering with the BAB 6 near Mannheim, the two routes have been swapping numbers at the Darmstädter Kreuz since then.
Between 1972 and 1978 the BAB 5 north of the Darmstädter Kreuz was the first motorway route in Germany to be expanded from four to eight lanes. In the course of this, information boards with changeable destinations (prism inverters) were set up at the motorway junction so that in the event of disruptions on a motorway, traffic can be diverted via the parallel route. The prism inverters in the direction of travel south have now been replaced by more modern LED boards ( dWiSta ).
State of development
The A 5 has eight lanes to the north and four lanes to the southeast. There are four lanes on the A 67. All reconciliations are two-lane.
Since the two motorways run largely parallel to each other, there is only the option of changing the motorway in the same direction at the Darmstädter Kreuz. There are insufficiently developed ramps for the missing routes, which are, however, reserved for operational services, especially since the Darmstadt road and motorway maintenance depot is located in the northern area of the intersection .
Due to the age of the structures, all the bridges at the motorway intersection are to be renewed in the next few years. Construction is scheduled to start in September 2020, but the Mannheim – Cologne ramp (north ramp) of the BAB 67 has been closed since January 10, 2020. The traffic will be diverted via the parallel BAB 5 and the BAB 3 via the Frankfurter Kreuz , an alternative large-scale diversion in the direction of Cologne leads from the Viernheimer Dreieck via the federal highways 6 and 61.
Expansion and planning
The greatest risk potential is caused by the large number of lane changes for traffic turning off in the so-called “entanglement areas”, which are necessary due to the complexity of the cross in connection with the two nodes adjacent to the north. Often the traffic jams in these interlaced areas. In addition, several bridge structures had to be renovated. On the basis of a forecast traffic increase of 19% (cars) and 35% (trucks) by 2025, options were considered to increase the efficiency and safety of the node. The federal government had approved a feasibility study by the Hessian road and traffic administration.
In addition to a six-lane extension of the main carriageway on the route Frankfurt (A 5) to Mannheim (A 67) itself and the sorting areas, this primarily concerns the construction of new turning ramps from and to the A 672 to Darmstadt and a separate lorry lane for traffic from the direction Frankfurt to the south, starting between the Weiterstadt junction and the Darmstadt triangle, past the interlacing areas to the main lanes of the A 5 towards Heidelberg and A 67 towards Mannheim at the Darmstädter Kreuz, with the aim of largely unbundling almost all traffic routes.
This conversion is included in the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2030 in the Urgent Need - Elimination of Bottlenecks category .
particularities
The cross forms double junctions on both motorways ; on the A 67 with the Griesheimer Dreieck and on the A 5 with the Darmstädter Nordkreuz .
The number of the autobahns changes on the main carriageways - the main carriageway of the A 5 becomes the A 67 in the south, and the A 67 becomes the A 5 in the south-east. Thus, the two highways do not cross, but only touch one another.
Traffic volume
The cross is used by around 158,000 vehicles every day, making it one of the busiest in Hesse.
| From | To | Average daily traffic volume |
Share of heavy goods traffic |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | ||
| Darmstädter Nordkreuz (A 5) | Darmstadt Cross | 119,800 | 109,400 | 110,700 | 14.2% | 11.8% | 13.4% |
| Darmstadt Cross | AS Darmstadt-Eberstadt (A 5) | 83,100 | 82,600 | 86,300 | 11.0% | 8.6% | 10.3% |
| Griesheimer Dreieck (A 67) | Darmstadt Cross | 44,300 | 41,900 | 48,800 | 11.3% | 12.1% | 9.8% |
| Darmstadt Cross | AS Gernsheim (A 67) | 68,200 | 70,700 | 71,400 | 13.1% | 13.8% | 13.9% |
Web links
- Less dangerous “entanglement zones”. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , July 21, 2010, accessed on July 5, 2011 .
- Webcam at Darmstädter Kreuz (hr-online.de)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Darmstadt Cross. (No longer available online.) Motorway intersections and motorway triangles in Germany, formerly the original ; Retrieved November 24, 2012 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Since 1969: Main-Neckar expressway between Darmstadt and Weinheim
- ↑ Hessenschau: Ailing north ramp at the Darmstädter Kreuz now remains tight for a long time. January 10, 2020, accessed May 6, 2020 .
- ↑ Hessen Mobil: A 5 / A 67 - Renewal of bridge structures at the Darmstadt motorway junction. Retrieved May 6, 2020 .
- ↑ Noted in the Bundestag: Darmstädter Kreuz. German Bundestag, June 16, 2010, archived from the original on July 20, 2012 ; Retrieved July 5, 2011 .
- ↑ 15th meeting of the Magistrate of the City of Science Darmstadt. In: City of Darmstadt. May 12, 2010, accessed on August 8, 2018 (Annexes to the TOP of the city council meeting of Darmstadt).
- ↑ Manual road traffic census 2005. (PDF) Results on federal motorways. BASt Statistics, 2007, accessed on August 19, 2018 .
- ↑ Manual road traffic census 2010. (PDF) Results on federal motorways. BASt Statistics, 2011, accessed on August 19, 2018 .
- ↑ Manual road traffic census 2015. (PDF) Results on federal motorways. BASt Statistics, 2017, accessed on August 19, 2018 .
