Dawid Michailowitsch Tschischikow

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Dawid Mikhailovich Tschischikow ( Russian Давид Михайлович Чижиков * November 5 . Jul / 17th November  1895 greg. In Nowa Příluka, Rajon Lypovets ; † 24. August 1974 in Moscow ) was a Ukrainian - Russian Metallurg and university teachers .

Life

Tschischikow's father was an employee of a sugar factory in Turbiw . Tschischikow attended the high school in Schmerynka with graduation in 1915 and then studied at the University of Kiev in the natural science department of the physics - mathematics faculty . During his high school and university days, he earned his living through private lessons. He was drafted in 1916 during the First World War . He served in the Imperial Russian Army until the February Revolution of 1917 and then returned to university. After the October Revolution , he enlisted in the Red Army in May 1919 , which sent him to the Moscow Mining Academy for further studies . In 1924 he completed his studies as an engineer- metallurgist for non-ferrous and rare metals .

Tschischikow now worked as a foreman in the Moscow copper electrolysis factory . In 1926 he became head of the metallurgical department of the lead - zinc smelter in Vladikavkaz . In 1928 he became a senior engineer in the planning and construction of the Konstantinovka zinc smelter in the Donbas . He was then sent to the USA to get to know the non-ferrous metal industry there. In Utah , he gave a lecture on the hydrometallurgy of lead at the American Chemical Society .

In 1930 Tschischikow took part in the organization of the Research Institute for Non-ferrous Metallurgy and became its first director. In the same year he visited non-ferrous metal smelters in Germany and the USA. 1932–1934 he was vice-chairman and then chairman of the scientific and technical council of the main administration for non-ferrous metals and gold .

1933–1941 Tschischikow taught at the Moscow Institute for Non-ferrous Metals and Gold and in 1934 became Professor of the Chair of Metallurgy of Heavy Non-ferrous Metals. He then founded and directed the chair for lead, zinc and related metals. 1935-1936 he was dean of the metallurgical faculty. In 1936 he defended his dissertation in order to obtain a doctorate in technical sciences in 1937 . In 1939 he was elected a Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (AN-SSSR, since 1991 Russian Academy of Sciences (RAN)). In the new Baikow Institute for Metallurgy and Material Science (IMET) of the AN-SSSR, he became head of the department for non-ferrous metallurgy and head of the laboratory for non-ferrous and rare metals.

During the German-Soviet War he was evacuated with the IMET in Sverdlovsk and developed new processes for the production of armaments-essential materials in the Urals factories (1941–1944). He also worked on the Commission for the Mobilization of Urals Resources.

Tschischikow was married to Marija Moissejewna Umanskaja and had one son: Alexander Dawidowitsch Tschischikow (1946-1994).

Tschischikow was buried in the Wostryakovo Jewish Cemetery .

Honors, prizes

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rossiskaya Evreiskaya Enziklopedija: НОВАЯ ПРИЛУКА (accessed on August 25, 2019).
  2. ↑ a b c d e RAN: Чижиков Давид Михайлович (accessed August 25, 2019).
  3. ↑ Цветная металлургия: научные поиски, перспективы; памяти … Д.М. Ижикова . Nauka , 1976.
  4. ↑ Great Soviet Encyclopedia : Chizhikov, David Mikhailovich (accessed August 25, 2019).
  5. ↑ АО "Институт" ГИНЦВЕТМЕТ " (accessed on August 25, 2019).
  6. ↑ Baikow Institute: Лаборатория физико-химических основ металлургии цветных и редких металлов (№5) (accessed August 25, 2019).
  7. ↑ Chizhikov DM: Cadmium . Pergamon Press , New York 1966.
  8. ↑ Chizhikov DM, Ščastlivij VP: Selenum and Selenides . Wellingborough: Collet's, 1968.
  9. ↑ Chizhikov DM, Schastlivyĭ VP: Tellurium and Tellurides . Wellingborough: Collet's, 1970.
  10. ↑ a b Tschischikow's tombstone (accessed August 25, 2019).
personal data
SURNAME Tschischikow, Dawid Michailowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Чижиков, Давид Михайлович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian metallurgist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH November 17, 1895
PLACE OF BIRTH Nowa Příluka, Rajon Lypovets
DATE OF DEATH August 24, 1974
Place of death Moscow