Donskoye (Kaliningrad, Svetlogorsk)
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Donskoje
Groß Dirschkeim Донское
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Donskoje ( Russian Донское , German Groß Dirschkeim ) is a settlement in the Russian Oblast of Kaliningrad . The place belongs to local self-government unit Stadtkreis Swetlogorsk in svetlogorsky district .
Geographical location
Donskoye is located on the west coast of the Samland and is 43 kilometers from the oblast capital Kaliningrad (Koenigsberg) and 13 kilometers from the district town of Svetlogorsk (Rauschen) . The regional road 27A-013 (ex A192 ) leads east past the place through which a side road runs from Primorje (Groß Kuhren) (municipal road 27K-355) and leading to Jantarny (Palmnicken) (municipal road 27K-063).
Donskoye is located with its station Donskoye-Novoje on the Kaliningrad – Zelenogradsk – Primorsk railway line , which is currently not operated in this area. The next rail connection is in Svetlogorsk.
Place name
The German name of the place is derived from the Prussian words "Dirse" (= the beautifully grown) and "kaym" (= field) and referred to a Prussian living here .
history
In 1339 Tirschkaym was first mentioned as the location for a ducal castle. The clerk of a chamber office who was responsible for the north-western lake district resided in the house. In the 16th century, Margrave Georg Friedrich , the guardian of Duke Albrecht Friedrich , often stayed here to hunt in the Warnicken Forest (now Russian: Lesnoje). The hunting lodge was dilapidated around 1700, so the upper floor was removed.
The state estate Dirschkeim existed for centuries, mostly it was leased. The first lease is known from 1584. In 1804 the brother of the Minister von Schön received the 500 hectare estate on a long lease. The von Schön family stayed on the estate until 1945 and excelled in sheep breeding. On the estate there are two gorges that were considered to be the most impressive in Samland before 1945 : the 800-meter-long Dirschkeimer gorge with the Galgenberg directly on the bank, and the Rosenort gorge , which used to be an amber pit.
On 13 June 1874, the former fishing village has been the official residence and its name to a newly built office district , which existed until 1945 and until 1939 the county Fischhausen for from 1939 to 1945 County Samland in the administrative district of Konigsberg the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged. On September 30, 1928 the manor district Groß Dirschkeim was incorporated into the rural community Groß Dirschkeim.
As a result of the Second World War , the village came to the Soviet Union with northern East Prussia in 1945 . In 1947 the place was given the Russian name "Donskoye" and was assigned at the same time to the village soviet Jantarski selski Sowet in Primorsk Raion . Later the place was administered from the Primorye urban-type settlement . In 2007 Donskoye became the administrative seat of an urban municipality in the newly formed Svetlogorsk Raion . From 2010 to 2018 the place had the status of an urban-type settlement. Donskoye has been part of the Svetlogorsk district since 2018.
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1910 | 358 | Village: 179, Good: 179 |
| 1933 | 347 | |
| 1939 | 653 | The sharp increase resulted from the influx of military personnel. |
| 2002 | 3,170 | |
| 2010 | 2,924 |
Groß Dirschkeim district (1874–1945)
Initially eight rural communities (LG) or manor districts (GB) belonged to the district of Groß Dirschkeim :
| Surname | Russian name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Brüsterort (LG) | Mayak | incorporated into Groß Dirschkeim |
| Finches (GB) | Molodogwardeiskoje |
In 1928 it was first incorporated in Klein Kuhren, then in Groß Dirschkeim |
| Groß Dirschkeim , Dorf (LG) | Donskoye | |
| Groß Dirschkeim, Gut (GB) | Donskoye | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Groß Dirschkeim |
| Klein Kuhren (LG) | Filino | |
| Circle lacquers (LG) | Bakalino | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Marscheiten |
| Marching (LG) | Marjinskoye | |
| Nöttnicken (LG) | Prislovo |
On January 1, 1945 only the four communities Groß Dirschkeim, Klein Kuhren, Marscheiten and Nöttnicken belonged to the Groß Dirschkeim district.
Gorodskoje posselenije Donskoye 2007–2018
The urban municipality of Gorodskoye posselenije Donskoye (ru. Городское поселение Донское) was established in 2007. It belonged to the Svetlogorsk Raion , which was also newly established at that time , within which it practically led an exclave existence - (almost) separated by areas of the Zelenogradsk Raion . It had 2953 inhabitants (as of 2010). In 2018 the municipality was dissolved and its places were incorporated into the newly formed Svetlogorsk district.
Four places belonged to the Gorodskoje posselenije Donskoje:
| Surname | German name |
|---|---|
| Donskoye | Great Dirschkeim |
| Mayak | Breast place |
| Marjinskoye | Marches |
| Molodogwardeiskoje | Finches |
church
Evangelical
Until 1945, the population of Groß Dirschkeim was almost without exception Protestant . The village belonged to the parish of the parish church in Heiligenkreutz (today Russian: Krasnotorowka) in the parish of Fischhausen (Primorsk) within the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The last German clergyman before 1945 was Pastor Georg Henkys . Today Donskoye is located in the catchment area of the Evangelical Lutheran Resurrection Church congregation in Kaliningrad (Königsberg) , which was newly established in the 1990s, within the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .
Russian Orthodox
There is a Russian Orthodox parish in Donskoye, whose church is located north of the thoroughfare and west of the railway line and bears the name of the icon of the Vladimir Mother of God . It belongs to the Diocese of Kaliningrad and Baltijsk (Königsberg and Pillau) (until 2009: Diocese of Smolensk and Kaliningrad) of the Russian Orthodox Church .
school
In Groß Dirschkeim there was already a two-class school before 1945, dating from before 1735.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ a b Donskoje - Groß Dirschkeim at ostpreussen.net
- ^ Location information East Prussia picture archive: Groß Dirschkeim
- ^ A b Rolf Jehke: Groß Dirschkeim district
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 ноября 1947 г. «О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области» (Ordinance of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR "On the Renaming of Places in Kaliningrad Oblast" of November 17, 1947)
- ↑ census data
- ↑ Through the Закон Калининградской области от 2 ноября 2007 г. № 182 "Об организации местного самоуправления на территории Светлогорского городского округа, No. 182 of the territory of the city of November 2nd of the Kallok district of the Swarovski Oblast, No.
- ^ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty of Kaliningrad ( Memento of August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive )