Krasnotorovka
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Krasnotorowka
Heiligenkreutz Красноторовка
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Krasnotorowka ( Russian Красноторовка , German Heiligenkreutz , Lithuanian Kryžiava ) is a place in the northwest of the Baltic peninsula Samland in the Kaliningrad Oblast in the Russian Federation . It is located in Zelenogradsk Raion and belongs to the municipal self-government unit of the Zelenogradsk District .
geography
Krasnotorowka is 45 kilometers northwest of the oblast capital Kaliningrad (Königsberg) and five kilometers south of the Baltic Sea resort Primorje (Groß Kuhren) on the Russian highway A 192 . In the town there is a side road that leads from Jantarny (Palmnicken) via Ochotnoje (Bieskobnicken) to Kljukwennoje . Until 1945, Ihlnicken (now in Russian: Sarajewo) was the next station on the Fischhausen – Groß Dirschkeim line , a branch of the East Prussian Southern Railway .
history
The place, which was formerly known as Heiligenkreutz , was founded in the 13th century and was located in the so-called Sudauischen Winkel , which stretched from the Baltic Sea to Pobethen (today in Russian: Romanowo). The order endeavored to defeat the last not yet subjugated Sudauers. With the conversion of the leader Kantegerd , the goal was finally achieved. According to legend, the first Christian cross in Samland was erected in Heiligenkreutz on an old Prussian holy place . To confirm this, a chapel was built here - mentioned on December 24, 1353 .
Gut Heiligenkreutz was for a long time a preliminary work of Gut Palmnicken (today Russian: Jantarny). On June 13, 1874, Holy Kreutz Headquarters and the eponymous site of a newly built administrative district that existed until 1945 and for district Fischhausen 1939-1945, the district Samland in the administrative district of Konigsberg the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged. In 1895 116 people lived in the village of Heiligenkreutz and 49 people in the parish of Heiligenkreutz.
A few years after the turn of the 20th century, the Heiligenkreutz manor was incorporated into Palmnicken (Jantarny), the Heiligenkreutz rectory followed on October 23, 1911. On September 30 and December 1, 1928, the two Heiligenkreutz exclaves of the Palmnicken manor were incorporated into the The rural community of Wangnicken (now in Russian: Jantarowka) was incorporated and Wangnicken was renamed "Heiligenkreutz". This newly formed municipality had a total of 431 inhabitants in 1933 and 429 in 1939.
As a result of the Second World War , Heiligenkreutz came to the Soviet Union in 1945 with northern East Prussia . In 1947 the place received the Russian name "Krasnotorowka" and was assigned at the same time to the village soviet Jantarski selski Sowet in Primorsk Raion . After the dissolution of this village soviet in 1959, Krasnotorowka was itself the seat of a village soviet for a short time until 1960 and was then incorporated into the Powarowski selski sovet . In 2000 Krasnotorowka became the seat of a village district and in 2005 the seat of a rural parish. Since the dissolution of this rural community in 2015, the place has belonged to the city district of Zelenogradsk.
District of Heiligenkreutz (1874–1945)
The district of Heiligenkreutz, newly established in 1874, originally consisted of seven rural communities or manor districts:
| Surname | Russian name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Nodding | Jagodnoye | 1928 incorporated into Wangnicken |
| Bieskobnod | Okhotnoye | |
| Big nod | Sinyavino | 1910 reclassified to the Palmnicken District |
| Heiligenkreutz | Krasnotorovka | 1900/01 incorporated into Palmnicken, reclassified to Wangnicken in 1928 |
| I nod | Sarajevo | 1928 incorporated into Klein Hubnicken |
| Small nod | Klenowoje | 1910 reclassified to the Palmnicken District |
| Cheek nod | Yantarowka | 1928 renamed "Heiligenkreutz" |
| from 1904: Heiligenkreutz rectory |
Krasnotorovka | Integrated into Palmnicken in 1911, reclassified to Wangnicken in 1928 |
Due to the many restructuring, only two communities belonged to the district of Heiligenkreutz on January 1, 1945: Bieskobnicken and Heiligenkreutz itself.
Krasnotorowski selski okrug 2000–2005
The village district Krasnotrowski selski okrug (ru. Красноторовский сельский округ, Krasnotrowski selski okrug) was established in 2000 at the latest. He was previously part of the Powarowski selski okrug . In 2005 the places of the village district were taken over into the newly formed rural municipality Krasnotorovskoye selskoje posselenije.
The following 13 places belonged to the Krasnotorowski selski okrug:
| Place name | German name |
|---|---|
| Alexino (Алексино) | to Germau |
| Barkassowo (Баркасово) | New cat germ |
| Filino (Филино) | Klein Kuhren |
| Jagodnoye (Ягодное) | Nodding |
| Jantarowka (Янтаровка) | Cheek nod |
| Klenowoje (Кленовое) | Small nod |
| Krasnotorowka (Красноторовка) | Heiligenkreutz |
| Maiski (Майский) | Mandtkeim |
| Ochotnoje (Охотное) | Bieskobnod |
| Orechowo (Орехово) | Shells |
| Prislowo (Прислово) | Nod |
| Sarajevo (Сараево) | I nod |
| Storoschewoje (Сторожевое) | Cat germ |
Krasnotorovskoye selskoye posselenie 2005–2015
The rural municipality of Krasnotorovskoye selskoye posselenije (ru. Красноторовское сельское поселение, Krasnotorovskoye selskoye posselenije) was established in 2005. In the municipal area there lived 3,396 inhabitants (as of 2010) in the following 36 towns, each classified as a "settlement", which had previously belonged to the village districts of Krasnotorowski, Powarowski selski okrug and Gratschowski ( Schatrowski selski okrug ).
| Russian name | German name | Russian name | German name | Russian name | German name | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alexino (Алексино) | to Germau | Krasnotorowka (Красноторовка) | Heiligenkreutz | Ossokino (Осокино) | Panjes | ||
| Barkassowo (Баркасво) | Old cat germ | Krasnovka (Красновка) | Medullary tendons | Powarowka (Поваровка) | Cherries | ||
| Bogatoje (Богатое) | Pokalkstein | Kruglowo (Круглово) | Polish races | Prislowo (Прислово) | Nod | ||
| Dworiki (Дворики) | Klein Dirschkeim | Lessenkowo (Лесенково) | Plink | Putilowo (Путилово) | Gauts and Korjeiten | ||
| Druzhba (Дружба) | Cherry flap | Listopadowka (Листопадовка) | Bärholz | Rakitnoje (Ракитное) | Plautwehnen | ||
| Filino (Филино) | Klein Kuhren | Listowoje (Листовое) | Woydiethen | Russkoye (Русское) | Germau | ||
| Grachevka (Грачёвка) | Kraam | Maiski (Майский) | Mandtkeim | Sarajevo (Сараево) | I nod | ||
| Gussewka (Гусевка) | Drugthens | Medvedevo (Медведево) | Norgau | Shatrovo (Шатрово) | Pasture stretching | ||
| Jagodnoye (Ягодное) | Nodding | Morosowka (Морозовка) | Sacherau | Storoschewoje (Сторожевое) | Cat germ | ||
| Jantarowka (Янтаровка) | Cheek nod | Ochotnoje (Охотное) | Bieskobnod | Sychovo (Сычёво) | Krattlau | ||
| Klenowoje (Кленовое) | Small nod | Olchowoje (Ольховое) | Korwingen | Werschkowo (Вершково) | Warsaw | ||
| Kljukwennoje (Клюквенное) | Klycken | Orechowo (Орехово) | Shells | Vodnoye | Syndau |
church
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See main article (with parish and pastor list): Church of Heiligenkreutz (East Prussia)
Church building
The Heiligenkreutz church, which was located in the south-east of the village and which today is only evidence of the remains of the wall hidden under rubble, was a brick building on a stone foundation with a square tower and a recently closed choir. Its oldest parts date from the 14th century when a chapel was built here - mentioned in a document on December 24, 1353 - which was later incorporated into a new building. The church survived the two world wars in the 20th century, but not the post-war use as a leisure club building, which was exposed to constant decline. At the end of the 1960s, the church fell victim to a fire, presumably by arson. The remaining ruins were torn off.
Parish
Heiligenkreutz is a very old church village, and in the pre-Reformation period it was also a much-visited place of pilgrimage . Until 1945, the majority of a part Protestant inhabited population village of the 26 villages and in 1945, 2,850 church members counted parish to parish district Fischhausen (now Russian: Primorsk) within the ecclesiastical province of East Prussia the Prussian Union of churches .
Today Krasnotorowka is located in the widespread parish of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Resurrection in Kaliningrad (Königsberg) in the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .
Personalities of the place
- Jürgen Henkys (1929–2015), Protestant pastor, theology professor, hymn poet and translator
literature
- Max Töppen : Something about the parish of Heiligenkreuz . In: New Prussian Provincial Papers . Volume 10, Königsberg 1850, pp. 193-195.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ^ Location information East Prussia picture archive: Heiligenkreutz
- ↑ Krasnotorowka - Heiligenkreutz at ostpreussen.net
- ↑ a b Rolf Jehke, Heiligenkreutz district
- ^ Location information East Prussia picture archive: Pfarrhof Heiligenkreutz
- ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, Fischhausen district
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Samland district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ The Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 июня 1947 г. "Об образовании сельских советов, городов и рабочих поселков в Калининградской области" (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of 17 June 1947: On the Formation of village Soviets, cities and workers' settlements in Kaliningrad Oblast)
- ↑ Information on http://www.klgd.ru/
- ↑ According to OKATO amendment 28/2000.
- ↑ First of all, the entire Powarowski selski okrug should apparently be administered from Krasnotorowka. According to OKATO amendment 48/2001, however, there was again a smaller village district of Powarowski.
- ↑ Through the Закон Калининградской области от 18 февраля 2005 г. № 501 «О наделении муниципального образования" Зеленоградский район "статусом муниципального района и об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципальных образований , находящихся на его территории" (Law of the Kaliningrad Oblast of 18 February 2005, No. 501. About the equipping of municipal Formation "Zelenogradsk Raion" with the status of a municipal raion and about setting the boundaries and providing the corresponding status of the municipal formations located on its territory).
- ^ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty of Kaliningrad ( Memento of August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive )