Muromskoye (Kaliningrad)
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Muromskoye
Laptau Muromsky
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Muromskoje ( Russian Муромское , German Laptau , Lithuanian Labota ) is a place in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad in the Zelenogradsk district . The place belongs to the municipal self-government unit of the city district Zelenogradsk .
Geographical location
Muromskoje is located 23 kilometers north of the Oblast capital Kaliningrad (Königsberg) on the Russian trunk road A 191 (former German Reichsstrasse 128 ) directly at its intersection with the newly built Primorskoje Kolzo (coastal motorway ring). Two side streets end in the village, coming from Oserowo (Tranßau) in the west and Luschki (Kiauten) in the east. Muromskoje is a train station on the Kaliningrad – Zelenogradsk – Pionersky railway line (Königsberg – Cranz – Neukuhren) .
Place name
The former place name Laptau points to a "house in a river valley" (what is meant is the formerly known as Bledow or Bledauer Beek , which flows into the Curonian Lagoon at Cranzbeek (which no longer exists today )). Other derivations think of “labs” = good or “lape” = fox within a forest area rich in game here.
history
The old church and estate village, called Laptau until 1946 , was established as a chamber office during the time of the order by separating it from the office of Powunden (today in Russian: Chrabrowo). As early as 1327 it was learned that three brothers from Laptau bought themselves free of feudal obligations for an annual payment of 80 marks and that the money was donated to an episcopal foundation at Königsberg Cathedral . From the 16th century, the Laptau office had to provide services to maintain the University of Königsberg , as well as to establish and later support the Königsberg orphanage . In 1528 the village received its handicrafts .
On April 13, 1874 was Laptau center and the eponymous site of a newly built office district , which until 1939 for the district Fischhausen , then to 1945 for the district Samland in the administrative district of Konigsberg the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged. The towns of Blaublum (no longer existent today) and from 1893 also Gidauten (Russian: Priosjornoje, now: Oserowo) were incorporated into the rural community of Laptau, which had 264 inhabitants in 1910. On January 1, 1929, the rural community of Laptau merged with the rural community of Kiauten (today in Russian: Luschki) as well as the Laptau estate and the Nuskern (Besymjanka) estate of the Wosegau estate (Wischnjowoje) in the district of the same name, to form the new Laptau rural community. The number of inhabitants climbed to 531 by 1933 and was already 612 in 1939.
As a result of the Second World War , Laptau came to the Soviet Union in 1945 due to its location in northern East Prussia and in 1947 was named "Muromskoje". At the same time, the place was included in the village soviet Cholmski selski Sowet in Primorsk Raion . Since 1959 Muromskoje itself was the seat of a village soviet or village district. From 2005 to 2015 the place belonged to the rural municipality Kovrovskoje selskoje posselenije and since then to the city district Zelenogradsk.
Laptau district (1874–1945)
Between 1874 and 1945 Laptau was an official village of an administrative district that initially consisted of ten communal units, in 1945 only three municipalities:
| German name | Russian name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Rural communities : | ||
| Kew | Luschki | 1929 incorporated into the rural community of Laptau |
| Laptau | Muromskoye | |
| Pods | Cholmy | |
| Tranßau | Oserowo | |
| Manor districts : | ||
| Gidauten | Priosjornoje, later: Oserowo |
1893 incorporated into the Laptau manor district |
| Jaxen | Melnikovo |
1904 incorporated into the rural community of Rudau in the district of Rudau |
| Baskets | Krasnoflotskoye | 1929 in the rural community Trent activities incorporated |
| Laptau | Muromskoye | 1929 incorporated into the rural community of Laptau |
| Mollehnen | Kashtanovka | 1929 incorporated into the rural community of Trentitten |
| Samuelshof | In 1884 incorporated into the rural community of Kiauten |
On January 1, 1945, only the municipalities of Laptau, Mülsen and Tranßau formed the Laptau district.
Muromski selski Sowet / okrug 1959–2005
The Muromsky selski Sovet (Муромский сельский Совет) was established in Primorsk District in 1959 . He was primarily the successor to the dissolved Melnikowski selski Sowet , but a part of the dissolved Cholmski selski Sowet was also connected, including the administrative seat of Muromskoje, as well as (by 1965 at the latest) also part of the dissolved Novoselski selski Sowet from the Gurjewsk district . After the collapse of the Soviet Union , the administrative unit existed as the village district Muromski selski okrug (ru. Муромский сельский округ). In 2005 the remaining places in the village district were incorporated into the newly formed rural community Kowrowskoje selskoje posselenije .
| Place name | Name until 1947/50 | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Besymjanka (Безымянка) | Nut kernel | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the village soviet Cholmski. |
| Datschnoje (Дачное) | Birkenberg | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially included in the Novoselsky village soviet in Guryevsk Raion. |
| Fyodorowo (Фёдорово) | Maldaites | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski Village Soviet. |
| Gussewo (Гусево) | Dorben | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially included in the Novoselsky village soviet in Guryevsk Raion. Before 1975 it was connected to Karjernoje, but later it was again independent. In 1997 it was deleted from the directory. |
| Irkutskoje (Иркутское) | Pissed off | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially included in the Novoselsky village soviet in Guryevsk Raion. |
| Iskrowo (Искрово) | Ringels | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski Village Soviet. |
| Karassino (Карасино) | Wittehen | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski village soviet. It was abandoned before 1975. |
| Karjernoje (Карьерное) | Pomhnen | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the Novoselsky village soviet in Gurjewsk Rajon. It was left before 1988. |
| Kashtanovka (Каштановка) | Mollehnen | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski village soviet. |
| Kijewskoje (Киевское) | Forging strings | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially included in the village soviet Kashirski in Gurjewsk Rajon. |
| Korchagino (Корчагино) | Tiedtken | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski Village Soviet. |
| Krasnoflotskoje (Краснофлотское) | Baskets | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski village soviet. |
| Kudrinka (Кудринка) | Baking | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski village soviet. |
| Lugovskoye (Луговское) | Lobitten | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the Novoselsky village soviet in Gurjewsk Rajon. |
| Luzhki (Лужки) | Kew | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially included in the Novoselsky village soviet in Guryevsk Raion. |
| Melnikowo (Мельниково) | Rudau | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially the administrative seat of the village soviet Melnikowski. |
| Muromskoje (Муромское) | Laptau | Administrative headquarters |
| Motevelowo (Мотевелово) | Mogahn | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski village soviet. It was left before 1988. |
| Nadeschdino I (Надеждино) | Twergaiten | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the Novoselsky village soviet in Gurjewsk Rajon. |
| Nadeschdino II (Надеждино) | Barley | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski Village Soviet. It was left before 1988. |
| Novoye (Новое) | Steinitten | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the village soviet Cholmski. It was abandoned before 1975. |
| Novoselskoye (Новосельское) | Will germ | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially the administrative seat of the Novoselsky village soviet in Guryevsk Raion. |
| Oserowo (Озерово) | Tranßau | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the village soviet Cholmski. |
| Priosjornoje (Приозёрное) | Gidauten | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski village soviet. It was probably connected to either Muromskoje or Oserowo before 1988. |
| Privolnoye (Привольное) | Gunthenen | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the Novoselsky village soviet in Gurjewsk Rajon. |
| Rybnoye (Рыбное) | Stombeck | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the Novoselsky village soviet in Gurjewsk Rajon. It was abandoned before 1975. |
| Sashchitnoye (Защитное) | Georgshöhe | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski Village Soviet. He later came into the village Soviet Chrabrowski in Guryevsky District and lost its independence there. |
| Shirokopolje (Широкополье) | Ropes | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially included in the Novoselsky village soviet in Guryevsk Raion. |
| Serjoschkino (Серёжкино) | Sergitten | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski Village Soviet. It was left before 1988. |
| Sirenewo (Сиренево) | Eisselbitten | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski Village Soviet. |
| Sosnovka (Сосновка) | Bledau | The place was renamed before 1975. In 2002 he was incorporated into the city of Zelenogradsk . |
| Swjaginzewo (Звягинцево) | Waschke | The place was renamed in 1950 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski Village Soviet. |
| Werbnoje (Вербное) | Serve | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the village soviet Cholmski. |
| Vershinino (Вершинино) | Pluttwinnen | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski village soviet. |
| Wetrowo (Ветрово) | E-riding | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially assigned to the Melnikowski village soviet. It was left before 1988. |
| Wolnoe (Вольное) | Schulstein | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the village soviet Cholmski. |
Laptau Castle
As early as the 13th century there was a castle of the Bishop of Samland in Laptau , which was probably built on the site of a former Prussian ramparts. It was expanded in 1351 and completely renovated between 1560 and 1607. The Powunden Castle (now Russian: Chrabrowo) was demolished in order to obtain building material .
The castle fell into disrepair after 1700 and was already desolate by 1760. In 1851 the remaining ring walls were torn down in order to win stones for the construction of the Cranzer Chaussee (today the Russian trunk road A 191 ). An inn was built on the castle grounds.
church
Church building
The Laptau Church is a plastered field stone building with brick corners from the 14th century. The upper floors of the tower were made of bricks. In 1818 a pointed roof with a Welscher hood was put on it.
The interior of the church had been covered with a flat ceiling since 1818 and the choir had a star vault. The two-storey carved altar from the beginning of the 17th century shows the crucifixion of Christ in its center . The pulpit , which was built a few decades later, also had valuable carvings.
During the war, both the tower roof and the roofing of the nave were badly damaged. The roof was repaired with flat sheets of asbestos. The tower was demolished halfway up in the 1980s and the side walls were raised. Washrooms and toilets were built in the choir room.
Parish
Laptau was an old church village and was founded around 1300. The Lutheran Reformation gained a foothold here quite early. The parish initially belonged to the inspection Fischhausen (now Russian: Primorsk), as it was before 1945 in the parish of Königsberg Country II (the north Pregel ) within the ecclesiastical province of East Prussia the Prussian Union of churches incorporated. Today Muromskoje is in the catchment area of the Evangelical Lutheran congregation in Zelenogradsk (Cranz) , which was newly established in the 1990s . It is a subsidiary of the Church of the Resurrection in Kaliningrad (Königsberg) within the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .
Parish locations (until 1945)
In addition to the parish village of Laptau, 19 parish places belonged to the parish of Laptau until 1945, which today are located in the area of both the rural community Kowrowo (Nautzau) and the rural community Chrabrowo (Powunden) :
| Surname | Today's name | Surname | Today's name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baking | Kudrinka | Norgehen | Shatrovo | |
| Bergenau | Nut kernel | Besymyanka | ||
| Fritzen | Sosnovka | Big space | Ryabinovka | |
| Gidauten | Priosjornoje, now: Oserowo |
White paints | Morschanskoye | |
| edge | Jelniki | Schugsten | Beryosovka | |
| Kew | Luschki | Steinerkrug | Peshkowo, now: Khrabrovo |
|
| Baskets | Krasnoflotskoye | Tranßau | Oserowo | |
| Laptau | Muromskoye | Trentitten | Saizewo | |
| Mollehnen | Kashtanovka | Wickiau | Klinzowka | |
| Pods | Cholmy | Wiskiauten | Mochowoje |
Pastor (until 1945)
From the Reformation until 1945, the following were Protestant clergy in Laptau :
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school
In Laptau there was a three-class village school before 1945, which had emerged from an earlier church school.
Personalities of the place
- Daniel Halbach von der Pforte (born December 11, 1581 in Laptau; † 1635), pastor's son, German physician
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ^ Laptau-GenWiki
- ^ Location information East Prussia picture archive: Laptau
- ↑ a b History of Laptau and the castle there at ostpreussen.net
- ↑ a b Rolf Jehke, Laptau district
- ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, Fischhausen district
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Samland district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 ноября 1947 г. “О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области” (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR of November 17, 1947: On the renaming of the places of Kaliningrad Oblast)
- ↑ Information on http://www.klgd.ru
- ↑ Laptau Church at Gen-Wiki
- ^ Walter Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Göttingen 1968, Volume II, p. 56
- ^ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty of Kaliningrad ( Memento of August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Patrick Plew, The churches in Samland: Laptau
- ↑ Friedwald Moeller, Old Prussian Protestant Pastor's Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 , Hamburg, 1968, page 82