Driewitz

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Lohsa municipality
Coordinates: 51 ° 21 ′ 20 ″  N , 14 ° 26 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 128-133 m above sea level NHN
Area : 3.27 km²
Residents : 113  (December 31, 2016)
Population density : 35 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 1957
Incorporated into: Litschen
Postal code : 02999
Area code : 035724
Driewitz
Driewitz

Driewitz , in Upper Sorbian Drěwcy ? / i , is a district of the Saxon community Lohsa in the north of the Bautzen district . In Driewitz, a linden tree as a symbol of the Sorbs and a one-meter-large boulder mark the geographical center of the official Sorbian settlement area in the Saxon part of Upper Lusatia . Audio file / audio sample

geography

The alley village of Driewitz is located south of Lohsa in the Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape Biosphere Reserve . The next place is Litschen , about two kilometers away; it is five kilometers to Lohsa. Drehna is three kilometers to the east, beyond the district boundary. In the north there was the Lohsa opencast mine , which has now been recultivated. In the south there is a large contiguous forest area with the Driewitz-Milkeler Heiden . Driewitz lies in the inland delta of the Spree, which is bordered by the Great Spree in the east and the Little Spree in the west.

State road 108 and the railway line Węgliniec – Falkenberg / Elster , which both connect Lohsa and Uhyst (Spree) , run north along the village .

history

Local history

In the late Middle Ages , woodworkers settled here. The first documentary mention dates from 1509, Driewitz ponds are mentioned as early as 1536. The existence of the Driewitz manor is documented for the year 1604. The manor was sold in 1706 by Rudolph the Younger to Friedrich Wilhelm von Schönberg.

In the Lohsa peasant uprising in 1794, which was triggered by the omission of a public holiday, Driewitzer were not only involved, with the cottage owner Michael Bartsch (Sorbian Michał Barč ) one of the leaders came from the village. The Lohsa landlord Wolf Heinrich von Muschwitz was apprehended in Mortka and, with beatings and the threat of speaking “French” (as a result of the French Revolution , many nobles were killed from 1789), he was brought to a written waiver of persecution. There was also devastation of manorial property in several places in the parish, including Driewitz. A command of Saxon dragoons, sent by the Bautzen government, put an end to the uprising. Several residents were punished, Bartsch received imprisonment.

As a result of the Congress of Vienna in 1815, part of Saxony had to be surrendered to Prussia, including the part of Upper Lusatia in which Driewitz was located. Through the formation of the district of Hoyerswerda , Driewitz came from the province of Brandenburg to the province of Silesia in 1825. Around 1831, the village of Neudriewitz was founded south of Driewitz , which consisted of a farm and five cottages. This was given up again in 1900.

Towards the end of the Second World War , a fortification was built in the Uhyst area along the Spree. After the Red Army crossed the Neisse on April 16, 1945, it advanced on April 19 in the direction of Lohsa and Königswartha , so that just a few days later the front ran between Lohsa on one side and Driewitz on the other.

After the war, Driewitz came back to the state of Saxony, but was added to the Cottbus district during the administrative reform of 1952 with the reduced Hoyerswerda district . Driewitz remained an independent municipality until the end of 1956, after which it belonged to Litschen and since January 1, 1994 to Lohsa.

Population development

year Residents
1825 152
1871 209
1885 197
1905 159
1925 155
1939 138
1946 157
1950 155
1971 141
1999 164
2007 146
2009 142
2016 113

The population figures come from various sources and, unless otherwise noted, are taken from Volume 67 of the Values ​​of Homeland Germany and the Historical Directory of Saxony .

year obsessed man gardener Cottager
1600 2 05 07th
1657 2 05 07th
1733 2 04th 07th
1777 - 12 07th
1807 - 11 19th

In the year 1600 two possessed men , five gardeners and seven cottagers ran in Driewitz . A decade after the devastating Thirty Years War (1618–1648), this population structure was unchanged, which suggests that Driewitz was less affected by the war than other places. Three quarters of a century later the number of gardeners had dropped by one, otherwise the size of the population was unchanged. In the following half a century, however, the population structure had changed significantly. In 1777 no more farmers were named, but the number of gardeners rose to twelve, and a desolate economy was also mentioned. The population increased again in the following decades, so that in 1807 there were eleven gardeners and 19 cottagers.

The first Prussian census in 1825, which no longer had the aim of determining the economies subject to interest, but of every inhabitant, counted 152 inhabitants. In the following half a century, up to the founding of the empire in 1871, the population rose to 209, but then fell slightly. In the early 1980s, Muka had 202 inhabitants, 200 of whom were Sorbs. In the middle of the decade 197 inhabitants were counted, by 1905 the number had dropped to 159. With 155 inhabitants in 1925, the decline was about to stop. In a hundred-year comparison, the population grew by only 2% between 1825 and 1925.

Up to May 1939 there was another slight decrease, but after the end of the war due to refugees and displaced persons from the east the number rose to 157 in October 1946, and in 1950 the number was almost unchanged at 155 inhabitants. According to Ernst Tschernik, the Sorbian-speaking population in the municipality of Driewitz was still 90.7% of the population in 1956; thus Driewitz was one of those places in the region with the highest proportion of Sorbian speakers. Two decades later there was a slight decrease to 141 inhabitants. Almost another four decades later, the population returned to this level at 142 in December 2009.

Place name

Documented forms of the place name are Drewitz (1509), Triebiz (1658), Diebitz (1732), Triebitz (1746) and finally Driewitz (1791). The written tradition of the Sorbian place name begins even later than with the German place name; Drjewzy (1800), Drjewcy (1843) and Drěwcy (1885) are documented. Eichler sees a connection with drevo 'wood' or its deminutivum drev́ce 'wood', although the tradition, which began late, leaves the basic form open. The place name, which can be explained as a settlement on / in the wood , is covered by the presence of a larger forest area.

Club life

The Driewitz Heimatverein, founded in 1999, organizes two to three events a year. In addition, the more than 40 members take care of the shaping of the cultural and sporting life in the village as well as the preservation and beautification of the townscape and the biosphere reserve. Together with the voluntary fire brigade Driewitz, the Sorbian culture is cultivated and maintained , among other things with zampers and the witch burning . In 2009 the Heimatverein celebrated its 10th anniversary and the fire brigade celebrated its 70th birthday.

Sources and further reading

literature

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
  2. ↑ Information from the website driewitz.de
  3. ↑ Information from the Lohsa residents' registration office as of December 31, 2007
  4. ↑ Values ​​of the German homeland: Upper Lusatian heath and pond landscape . Pages 391-398.
  5. ↑ Digital historical place directory of Saxony. Retrieved March 30, 2009 .
  6. ^ Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995, p. 249 .
  7. ↑ Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther : Oberlausitz toponymy - studies on the toponymy of the districts of Bautzen, Bischofswerda, Görlitz, Hoyerswerda, Kamenz, Löbau, Niesky, Senftenberg, Weißwasser and Zittau. I name book (=  German-Slavic research on naming and settlement history . Volume 28 ). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975, p. 62 f .

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