Edingtonite
| Edingtonite | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| General and classification | |
| other names |
|
| chemical formula | Ba [Al 2 Si 3 O 10 ] • 4H 2 O |
|
Mineral class (and possibly department) |
Silicates and germanates - layered silicates (tectosilicates) |
|
System no. to Strunz and to Dana |
09.GA.15 ( 8th edition : VIII / F.10) 77.01.05.06 |
| Crystallographic Data | |
| Crystal system | Edingtonite-1O: orthorhombic Edingtonite-1Q: tetragonal |
| Crystal class ; symbol | Edingtonite-10: orthorhombic-disphenoidic; 222 Edingtonite-1Q: tetragonal-scalenohedral; 4 2 m |
| Space group | Edingtonite-1O: P 2 1 2 1 2 (No. 18) Edingtonite-1Q: P 4 2 1 m (No. 113) |
| Lattice parameters | see crystal structure |
| Formula units | Z = 2 |
| Physical Properties | |
| Mohs hardness | 4 to 4.5 |
| Density (g / cm 3 ) | measured: 2.73 to 2.78; calculated: 2.75 to 2.80 |
| Cleavage | completely after {110} |
| Break ; Tenacity | uneven to scalloped |
| colour | white, gray, pink to reddish; colorless in thin layers |
| Line color | White |
| transparency | transparent to translucent |
| shine | Glass gloss |
| Crystal optics | |
| Refractive indices |
n α = 1.538 n β = 1.549 n γ = 1.554 |
| Birefringence | δ = 0.016 |
| Optical character | biaxial negative |
| Axis angle | 2V = 66 ° (calculated) |
| Other properties | |
| Special features | pyroelectric, piezoelectric |
Edingtonite is a seldom occurring mineral from the mineral class of " silicates and germanates " with the chemical composition Ba [Al 2 Si 3 O 10 ] · 4H 2 O and thus, chemically speaking, a water-containing barium - aluminum framework silicate. Structurally, Edingtonite belongs to the framework silicate and there to the group of zeolites .
Edingtonite crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system and develops mostly pseudotetragonal crystals with a prismatic, pyramidal or disphenoid habit , but also granular to massive aggregates of translucent white, gray or pink to reddish color with a white line color . In thin layers, however, it can also be colorless and completely transparent.
Etymology and history
The mineral was named after the Scottish mineral collector James Edington (1787–1844).
It was first described in 1825 by Wilhelm Ritter von Haidinger , who discovered the mineral in the cavities of the mineral thomsonite from the collection of James Edington, and Edward Turner, who carried out the chemical analyzes. The Thomsonit himself came from the Kilpatrick Hills ( Kilpatrickhügel ) near Glasgow in the formerly independent, Scottish county of Dunbartonshire .
The name Antiëdrite was chosen in 1832 by Johann Friedrich August Breithaupt for a tetragonal crystallizing, antihemiëdrisch pyramidal Edingtonite.
classification
Already in the outdated 8th edition of the mineral classification by Strunz of Edingtonit belonged to the class of "silicates and Germanates" and then to the Department of "framework silicates (tectosilicates)" where he collaborated with Gonnardite , Mesolith , Mountainit , natrolite , Skolezit and Thomsonit the "Natrolith Group" with the system no. VIII / F.10 .
In the Lapis mineral directory according to Stefan Weiß, which, out of consideration for private collectors and institutional collections, is still based on this classic system of Karl Hugo Strunz , the mineral was given the system and mineral number. VIII / J.22-40 . In the "Lapis Classification" This also corresponds to the section of the "framework silicates" where Edingtonit with boggsite , Dachiardit-Ca , Dachiardit-Na , Direnzoit , ferrierite K , ferrierite Mg , ferrierite-Na , Gottardiit , Laumontit , mordenite , Mutinait and Terranovait form the second subgroup of "fiber zeolites" within the zeolite group (group no. VIII / J.22 ) (as of 2018).
The valid since 2001 and by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) and 2009 updated 9th edition of Strunz'schen systematic mineral assigns the Edingtonit into the already finely subdivided department of the " framework silicates (tectosilicates) with zeolitic H 2 O; Family of zeolites ”. This is further subdivided according to the type of framework structure, so that the mineral can be found according to its structure in the subdivision of "Zeolites with four-ring chains connected via a fifth Si", where it only belongs to the unnamed group together with calborsite 9.GA.15 forms.
The systematics of minerals according to Dana , which is mainly used in the English-speaking world , assigns Edingtonite to the class of "silicates and germanates" and there in the department of "structural silicates: zeolite group". Here it is together with natrolite , tetranatrolite , paranatrolite , mesolite , skolezite , gonnardite , cowlesite , thomsonite-Ca , thomsonite-Sr and nabesite in the group " natrolite and related species " with the system no. 77.01.05 to be found within the sub-section of "Real Zeolites".
Crystal structure
Edingtonite occurs in two modifications with different crystal structures, which are called Edingtonite-10 and Edingtonite-1Q .
- Edingtonite-1O crystallizes orthorhombically in the space group P 2 1 2 1 2 (space group no. 18) with the lattice parameters a = 9.55 Å ; b = 9.67 Å; c = 6.52 Å and 2 formula units per unit cell .
- Edingtonite-1Q (tetraedingtonite) crystallizes tetragonally in the space group P 4 2 1 m (No. 113) with the lattice parameters a = 9.58 Å and c = 6.53 Å and 2 formula units per unit cell .
properties
Edingtonite is pyroelectric and piezoelectric , so it builds up an electrical voltage when there is an interval-like temperature change or deformation.
In front of the soldering tube , the mineral is difficult to melt into a colorless glass.
Education and Locations
Edingtonit formed by hydrothermal processes in cavities and clefts mafic volcanic rocks , nepheline - syenite or Carbonatites where it inter alia, in Paragenesis with analcime , brewsterite , calcite , harmotome , natrolite , prehnite and Thomsonit is encountered.
As a rare mineral formation, Edingtonite has so far (as of 2011) only been found at a few sites, around 20 of which are known. In addition to its type locality Kilpatrick Hills, the mineral occurred in Scotland in the quarries of Loanhead ( Ayrshire ) and Guisachan ( Highlands ). Other sites in the United Kingdom are Disgwylfa Hill in Shropshire , England, and Wethel in Radnorshire, Welsh .
The Ice River Alkali Complex of the Golden Mining Department in the Canadian province of British Columbia is known for its abundant finds of well-formed crystals in aggregates of several centimeters in size . In addition, the mineral was also found in Canada in the "Brunswick No. 12 Mine ”in New Brunswick and in the Poudrette quarry on Mont Saint-Hilaire in Québec .
Edingtonite was also found in the "Jacupiranga Mine" near Cajati in the Brazilian state of São Paulo , near Staré Ransko near Havlíčkův Brod in the Czech region of Moravia, in the "Shiromaru Mine" in the district of Nishitama-gun on the Japanese island of Honshū, at several locations in the Chibinen on the Russian Kola Peninsula , at Bölet (Bölets Ängar) near Undenäs in Sweden and at Big Creek and Ash Creek in the US state of California .
See also
literature
- William Haidinger, Edward Turner: Description of edingtonite, a new mineral species . In: The Edinburgh Journal of Science . tape 3 , 1825, p. 316–320 (English, rruff.info [PDF; 333 kB ; accessed on October 26, 2019]).
- Edingtonite. Haidinger . In: Ernst Friedrich Glocker (Ed.): Handbook of Mineralogy . tape 1 . Johann Leonhard Schrag, Nuremberg 1829, p. 730 ( limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed October 25, 2019]).
Web links
- Mineral atlas: Edingtonite and mineral portrait zeolites - Edingtonite (Wiki)
- Edingtonite search results. In: rruff.info. Database of Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and chemistry of minerals (RRUFF), accessed on October 26, 2019 .
- American-Mineralogist-Crystal-Structure-Database - Edingtonite. In: rruff.geo.arizona.edu. Retrieved October 26, 2019 .
- David Barthelmy: Edingtonite Mineral Data. In: webmineral.com. Retrieved October 26, 2019 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Hugo Strunz , Ernest H. Nickel : Strunz Mineralogical Tables. Chemical-structural Mineral Classification System . 9th edition. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagbuchhandlung (Nägele and Obermiller), Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-510-65188-X , p. 702 (English).
- ↑ a b c d e f Edingtonite . In: John W. Anthony, Richard A. Bideaux, Kenneth W. Bladh, Monte C. Nichols (Eds.): Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America . 2001 (English, handbookofmineralogy.org [PDF; 82 kB ; accessed on October 26, 2019]).
- ↑ a b Petr Korbel, Milan Novák: Mineral Encyclopedia (= Dörfler Natur ). Edition Dörfler im Nebel-Verlag, Eggolsheim 2002, ISBN 978-3-89555-076-8 , p. 274 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Edingtonite. In: mindat.org. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, accessed October 26, 2019 .
- ↑ Richard V. Gaines, H. Catherine W. Skinner, Eugene E. Foord, Brian Mason , Abraham Rosenzweig: Dana's New Mineralogy . 8th edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York et al. 1997, ISBN 0-471-19310-0 , pp. 1683-1684 .
- ↑ Edingtonite . In: Johann Joseph Prechtl (Ed.): Yearbooks of the Imperial Royal Polytechnic Institute in Vienna . tape 9 . Carl Gerold, Vienna 1826, p. 174 ( limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed October 26, 2019]).
- ↑ August Breithaupt : Complete characteristics of the mineral system . 3rd, very enriched edition. Arnoldische Buchhandlung, Dresden and Leipzig 1832, p. 164 , XVII. Gender. Antiëdrit-G ( limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed October 26, 2019]).
- ↑ Stefan Weiß: The large Lapis mineral directory. All minerals from A - Z and their properties. Status 03/2018 . 7th, completely revised and supplemented edition. Weise, Munich 2018, ISBN 978-3-921656-83-9 .
- ↑ Ernest H. Nickel, Monte C. Nichols: IMA / CNMNC List of Minerals 2009. (PDF 1703 kB) In: cnmnc.main.jp. IMA / CNMNC, January 2009, accessed October 26, 2019 .
- ^ Friedrich Klockmann : Klockmanns textbook of mineralogy . Ed .: Paul Ramdohr , Hugo Strunz . 16th edition. Enke, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-432-82986-8 , pp. 791 (first edition: 1891).
- ↑ Localities for Edingtonite. In: mindat.org. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, accessed October 26, 2019 .
- ^ Edingtonite Gallery from Ice River Alkaline Complex, Golden Mining Division, British Columbia, Canada. In: mindat.org. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, accessed October 26, 2019 .