Emmaus Church (Dresden)

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Emmauskirche Kaditz, view from the north

The Emmauskirche is a Protestant church in Dresden - Kaditz (Altkaditz 27), named after the biblical place Emmaus . In earlier times it was called the Laurentiuskirche, after Saint Lawrence of Rome .

history

The "Ziller brothers" during the renovation of the church in Kaditz, 1887/1888

As early as 1273 there was a church building in Kaditz, the Laurentius Chapel. From the beginning of the 14th century until 1540, Kaditz was a branch church of the Friedenskirche in Kötzschenbroda and belonged to the archdeacon of Nisan .

After that, Kaditz became a parish church itself . Today's Dresden neighboring communities Mickten , Pieschen , Trachau and Übigau as well as the two Lößnitz communities Radebeul and Serkowitz were parish in 1555. Around 1500 the church building was rebuilt as a hall building with a striking west tower in the late Gothic style. Around 1680 the tower gables were redesigned in the Renaissance style. From 1750 to 1756 the interior of the church was redesigned in baroque style. The wooden pulpit altar with the white-framed figures of the apostles Peter and Paul was created by Johann Gottfried Knöffler .

At the beginning of the 19th century, the condition of the church's own buildings must have been very poor. The Radebeul carpenter Johann Christian Ziller , younger brother of the Kaditz schoolmaster and church cantor Johann Gottfried Ziller , received numerous repair jobs in the community. In addition to repairs to the church itself, repairs were carried out on the parish and diaconate buildings, which were particularly extensive after a fire in 1802, as well as on other church facilities such as the school , the barn, a tenant apartment and the apartment of his brother, the cantor. He also built a smokehouse in the rectory in 1808 and a pigeon house in 1817.

With the re-establishment of Oberlößnitz in 1837, this rural community was also incorporated into Kaditz.

In 1854 the school opposite the church had to be completely renovated. In 1869 the renovation of the church began in the neo-Gothic style . The builders, the Ziller brothers from Serkowitz (today Radebeul ), the great-nephews of the cantor Johann Gottfried Ziller, built an octagonal, neo-Gothic tower with tracery windows, which replaced the old Renaissance gable. Round stair towers with conical roofs were built at the choir. The interior was redesigned in a neo-Gothic style in 1887/1888. The neo-Gothic prospectus of the Ziller company and the stained glass windows with the evangelists come from this redesign .

Pieschen and Trachenberge were marked out in 1884. Oberlößnitz, Radebeul and Serkowitz followed in 1890, when a separate parish was created in Radebeul with the Luther Church . Trachau was cleared in 1908.

organ

Organ of the Emmauskirche Dresden-Kaditz

The organ created by Karl Eduard Jehmlich in 1887 was replaced in 1991 by an organ from the Jehmlich company from Dresden. The purely mechanical instrument has 19  registers on slider drawers .

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Principal 8th'
2. Reed flute 8th'
3. octave 4 ′
4th Nasat 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
5. octave 2 ′
6th Mixture IV
7th Trumpet 8th'
II Swell C – g 3
8th. Dumped 8th'
9. Salicional 8th'
10. Principal 4 ′
11. Pointed flute 4 ′
12. Hollow flute 2 ′
13. octave 1'
14th Sesquialter II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
15th Sharp III
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
16. Sub bass 16 ′
17th Principal bass 8th'
18th Flute 8th'
19th bassoon 16 ′

Peal

The ringing consists of three bronze bells , the bell cage and the bell yokes are made of oak. Below is a data overview of the bell:

No. Casting date Caster diameter Dimensions material Chime
1 1677 Herold bell foundry bronze 1093 mm 740 kg is ′
2 1676 Herold bell foundry bronze 874 mm 365 kg ais ′
3 1973 Bell foundry Schilling S. bronze 711 mm 207 kg cis ′

description

Pointed arch windows in the north facade, including the family funeral of Christian Gottlieb and Moritz Ziller. On the left a spiral tower.

Even if the neo-Gothic renovations from the 19th century dominate the appearance of the church, which is now a listed building , remains of the original Renaissance church with late Gothic origins can still be seen. In the wider area, the old church in Coswig most closely resembles this original building.

In the former square west tower with a short head and curtain arched windows, the brothers sat Ziller in the conversion in 1869 a towering, highly visible octagonal bell storey with pointed gables and spire . There is a Gothic portal with tracery on the tower .

The nave rests on the old sandstone base. It is a plastered quarry stone building with numerous sandstone work, a three-sided end and a slated hipped roof with neo-Gothic dormers . The interior is illuminated through high pointed arch windows . On both sides of the choir there are round spiral towers with pointed conical roofs and round-arch frieze made of sandstone, which stylistically can be assigned to the Neo-Romanesque .

The sacristy with a gable roof shows a verge made of sandstone with a stepped keystone, in this a small Gothic garment. In the gable wall there is a three-part, neo-Gothic window with arched curtains . Inside the sacristy shows a ribbed vault.

The hall and choir have a flat, coffered wooden ceiling with stencil painting. On three sides in the interior of the sacred building there are single-storey galleries with the remains of a second gallery, which was removed in 1912. The organ front, also designed by the Ziller brothers, from the time of the renovation in 1887/1888 is Gothic. In the organ gallery, on the other hand, there is a figurative Art Nouveau painting from 1913, which depicts the walk to Emmaus .

graveyard

Tomb of Johann Christian Ziller and relatives in the Kaditz churchyard (right next to two other tombs), east wall. In the background on the left the old school building (trimmed).

The oldest cemetery in Kaditz was laid out around the church around 1500. The churchyard today covers a size of 5400 square meters. The northern part of the churchyard is still used for burials.

On the west side of the churchyard there is a narrow strip of cemetery land, which is surrounded by old trees and extends into the surrounding farmland. This already originated in the " Age of Sensitivity ". The graves there from the years 1730 to 1750 are the oldest preserved in the churchyard and are partly badly weathered.

Above all on the east and south side of the site there are numerous neo-Gothic and neo-Baroque tombstones, such as that of the carpenter Johann Christian Ziller (1773–1838) and possibly also that of his father Johann Christian (1728–1812), who moved to Kaditz in old age came and died there. The builders Christian Gottlieb Ziller (1807–1873) and Moritz Ziller (1838–1895) found their final resting place in the grave of the Ziller family on the north-eastern longitudinal front of the church. Other regionally known personalities who were buried in the Kaditzer Kirchhof are the builder Friedrich Wilhelm Eisold (1831–1886), the cigar manufacturer Friedrich Otto Jedicke (1860–1911) and the owner of Ballhaus Watzke , Gustav Paul Watzke (1882–1937) . Eisold's tomb was restored in 2014 by a descendant.

Opposite the sacristy, right next to the Kaditzer linden tree, there is a memorial for soldiers who died in the two world wars. It was initiated in 1922 by the Dresden-Kaditz Military Association and financed by donations from Kaditz citizens in the following years. In 1925 the pentagonal stone on which an eagle is enthroned was inaugurated. Today there are bronze plaques behind the memorial on the southeast side of the Emmauskirche, which contain the names of more than 300 fallen soldiers from Kaditz, Mickten and Übigau.

As a result of the strong growth of the Parochie Kaditz, the middle cemetery on Serkowitzer Strasse was created in 1862 and finally a third cemetery on Spitzhausstrasse in 1878.

Kaditz lime tree

The Kaditz lime tree

The so-called Kaditzer Linde is located in the churchyard of the Emmauskirche . The summer linden ( Tilia platyphyllos ) is the oldest tree in Dresden and is estimated to be 700 to 900 years old. Presumably it was already planted when the village of Kaditz was founded. Remnants of hammered iron in the trunk indicate that the linden tree could have been used as a pillory in the Middle Ages. The tree was badly damaged in a fire in 1818 and aroused the interest of numerous artists in the 19th century as one of “Germany's strange trees”, who immortalized the tree in drawings.

Today the trunk is split into several vital sub-trunks. Some of the stems were originally roots, which now hold the remains of the stem. The trunk circumference would currently be around 12 meters with normal growth. The Kaditzer Linde has been specially protected as a natural monument since 1975. An information board on its trunk gives information about the history of the tree.

literature

  • Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 .
  • Georg Dehio (Ed.): Ev. Emmaus Church. In: Handbook of German Art Monuments . Dresden. Updated edition. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich and Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-422-03-110-3 , p. 163.
  • Friedbert Ficker , Gert Morzinek, Barbara Mazurek: Ernst Ziller - A Saxon architect and building researcher in Greece. The Ziller family . Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg i. Allgäu 2003, ISBN 978-3-89870-076-4 .
  • Cornelius Gurlitt : The art monuments of Dresden's surroundings, part 2: Amtshauptmannschaft Dresden-Neustadt. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony , Volume 26, CC Meinhold & Söhne, Dresden 1904, p. 29 ff. ( Digitized Kaditz. Die Kirche. Sheet 32 ​​ff. )
  • Markus Hansel; Thilo Hansel; Thomas Gerlach (epilogue): In the footsteps of the Ziller brothers in Radebeul . Architectural considerations. 1st edition. Notschriften Verlag, Radebeul 2008, ISBN 978-3-940200-22-8 .
  • Gerhard Stief: The Emmaus Church and its parish. In: Typically Kaditz. History and stories. Saxonia, Dresden 2002, pp. 45-50.

Web links

Commons : Emmauskirche (Dresden)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Kaditz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  2. ^ Frank Andert (editor): Stadtlexikon Radebeul. Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Ed .: Large district town of Radebeul. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, p. 96 .
  3. ^ A b Friedbert Ficker , Gert Morzinek, Barbara Mazurek: Ernst Ziller - A Saxon architect and building researcher in Greece. The Ziller family . Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg i. Allgäu 2003, ISBN 978-3-89870-076-4 , pp. 24-25 (according to church accounts in the parish archive of Kaditz).
  4. ^ Jürgen Helfricht : Dresden and its churches. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2005, p. 71.
  5. ↑ Data of the organ on the website of the Jehmlich Orgelbau Dresden
  6. ^ A b Rainer Thümmel : Bells in Saxony . Sound between heaven and earth. Ed .: Evangelical Regional Church Office of Saxony . 2nd, updated and supplemented edition. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2015, ISBN 978-3-374-02871-9 , pp. 290 (With a foreword by Jochen Bohl and photographs by Klaus-Peter Meißner).
  7. ↑ Cultural monument: Emmaus church with churchyard, war memorial u. Individual grave marks (Altkaditz 27)
  8. ↑ Manfred Dreßler: The Kaditz cemeteries. In: Typically Kaditz. History and stories. Saxonia, Dresden 2002, p. 69.
  9. ↑ Markus Hansel; Thilo Hansel; Thomas Gerlach (epilogue): In the footsteps of the Ziller brothers in Radebeul . Architectural considerations. 1st edition. Notschriften Verlag, Radebeul 2008, ISBN 978-3-940200-22-8 , p. 150-151 .
  10. ↑ Hans-Günter Lippmann: Eisold monument restored . In: Radebeuler monthly books e. V. (Ed.): Preview & Review; Monthly magazine for Radebeul and the surrounding area . January 2015, p. 19 .
  11. ^ Marion Stein: Cemeteries in Dresden. Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 2000, p. 170.
  12. ^ A linden tree, older than Dresden . sz-online.de. September 7, 2012. Retrieved September 7, 2012.
  13. ↑ Germany's strange trees: The Kaditzer linden tree. In: Ernst Keil (ed.): The gazebo . Ernst Keil, Leipzig 1890, p. 130.
  14. ↑ Kaditz on dresdner-stadtteile.de

Coordinates: 51 ° 5 ′ 0.7 ″  N , 13 ° 40 ′ 17 ″  E