EnBW affair

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The EnBW affair is about the repurchase of an EnBW share package from the French Électricité de France (EDF), which the Baden-Württemberg state government carried out at the end of 2010 at the instigation of the then Prime Minister Stefan Mappus without any budgetary basis or parliamentary approval. Close personal ties, insufficient documentation, contradicting statements and the decline in the value of the participation led to a parliamentary committee of inquiry , which ended its work in June 2014, and public prosecutor's investigations against Mappus and other parties, which were ultimately discontinued by the Stuttgart public prosecutor's office in October 2014.

purchase

prehistory

In 1997 Energie -versorgung Schwaben and Badenwerk merged to form EnBW, the third largest energy company in Germany. The Zweckverband Oberschwäbische Elektrizitätswerke (OEW) held 45.01% of the shares. In January 2000, the state of Baden-Württemberg sold its 25.1% stake to the French electricity company Électricité de France (EDF) for € 2.4 billion . EDF then held 45.01% of the EnBW shares until the block of shares was sold in December 2010. There was a consortium agreement between EDF and OEW, which regulated equal management between the two major shareholders and contained a right of first refusal on the shares of the respective consortium partner. This contract should last at least until the end of 2011.

In the summer of 2010, discussions took place on the participation relationship between EDF and the state government of Baden-Württemberg. Prime Minister Stefan Mappus got the impression that EDF was aiming for a majority in EnbW or wanted to part with the stake. Due to personal friendship and good relationships, the head of Germany of the investment bank Morgan Stanley , Dirk Notheis , was consulted by Mappus. Mappus decided to buy the EnBW stake in order not to have another and perhaps unpleasant major foreign shareholder in the energy company. The state did not want to get involved in the operational business and place the acquired share in Germany in the medium term.

Pricing

On November 10, 2010, the possible purchase price in the amount of the book price of 39.90 euros at the time was discussed between Prime Minister Mappus and EDF Chairman Henri Proglio for the first time.

On November 26th, 2010 Messrs. Mappus and Henri Proglio agreed by telephone on a purchase price of 40 euros. By offsetting the upcoming dividend for the current year, this resulted in 41.50 euros per share. This was communicated in writing to the EDF lawyers on December 4, 2010. (The final sales contract could still fail due to open contractual clauses .)

The Baden-Württemberg Court of Auditors later stated: "Before the purchase price agreement, there was no investigation into the value of the target company that complied with the principles of Section 7 LHO."

Purchase of the block of shares

Prime Minister Stefan Mappus completed the purchase in 2010

On November 29, 2010, Mappus informed Justice Minister Ulrich Goll (FDP) that Parliament would not be involved. It was not until the cabinet meeting on December 6 that Goll became aware that “we are dealing with considerable legal risks”. He kept these constitutional concerns to himself.

Neckarpri GmbH was bought on November 30, 2010 in order to acquire the block of shares. Minister of State Helmut Rau (CDU) became the managing director .

On Sunday, December 5th, 2010 around 11 p.m., Mappus informed the responsible minister of finance, Willi Stächele, about his purchase plans. Mappus justified the failure to intervene in parliament and the waiver of the parliamentary reservation with the occurrence of a "[...] unforeseen and unavoidable need [...]" according to Article 81 of the state constitution . It was the responsibility of the responsible minister of finance to check that the right to obtain an emergency permit according to this constitutional article was applicable to purchases and was not carried out by the ministry of finance.

On December 6, 2010, Mappus announced that it had bought the shares in EnBW held by EDF for the state of Baden-Württemberg. This corresponded to a stake of 45.01% in EnBW and comprised 112.5 million shares. The total cost, including 3.9 million shares that were acquired in a subsequent voluntary takeover offer from the free shareholders, was 4.83 billion euros. At the prevailing interest rate level, the financing costs were lower than the expected dividend and so an annual profit would arise for the country.

“After all costs have been deducted, the taxpayer not only doesn't pay a cent, in the end there is added value worth millions every year. The Swabian housewife will be delighted with the business. Incidentally, Chancellor Angela Merkel also sees it that way . "

Critics accused Mappus of abuse of power and a lack of transparency in the takeover.

The approval of the state assembly for a guarantee from the state to cover the purchase price was obtained on December 15, 2010 after the purchase agreements were signed. Mappus assured the plenary that the prerequisites for the emergency approval had been checked by expert opinions from the advisory law firm and the Ministry of Finance. The government bill was adopted in a roll call by the members of the CDU and FDP / DVP parliamentary groups. The opposition parties had previously left the plenary in protest with the declaration: "We are no longer willing to take part in this voting process as accessories".

In January 2014 it became known that according to the previously unknown interrogation protocols, the EDF did not want to sell, contrary to Mappus' claims, and that there was no other serious interested party; and thus the urgency of the purchase postulated by Mappus did not exist at all.

Role of Morgan Stanley

The investment bank Morgan Stanley acted as advisor to the state government; whose head of Germany was Dirk Notheis since February 2009 ; Until July 2011 he was a member of the CDU state executive committee of Baden-Württemberg and therefore had very good contacts with Mappus. Notheis involved René Proglio, the French boss of Morgan Stanley and twin brother of EDF boss Henri Proglio on the buyer side in the negotiations. At a later hearing of witnesses, Notheis stated that it was customary at Morgan Stanley "to have someone on the team who can assess the reaction profiles of the other side or, under certain circumstances, can intervene accordingly." Morgan Stanley was unable to identify a conflict of interest .

The mandate to Morgan Stanley was given by Mappus by telephone on November 25, after a joint conversation between Mappus, Notheis, René Proglio and Henri Proglio had already taken place on November 10, 2010 in Paris. The terms of the mandate were negotiated a few days later; Morgan Stanley's letter of offer is dated November 30, 2010 and contains clauses that Morgan Stanley will also receive follow-up funding and subsequent stock placement orders . Settlement offers were not obtained and the budgetary basis for awarding mandates was not available. The amount of the fee agreed with Morgan Stanley was initially kept secret by the then state government. According to later information, it was 0.275% of the pro rata price of the shares acquired and thus far below previous press assumptions.

Dirk Notheis pulled the strings in the background for Mappus. In June 2012, details of the distant mail traffic such as "He can kill Angela with his troops" or the purchase price was "more than lavish" became known. In an email dated November 26, 2010, Notheis suggested that the approval of the “ordoliberal” FDP be encouraged by the prospect of a supervisory board position at EnBW.

Morgan Stanley prepared a “fairness opinion”, i. H. an appraisal based on publicly available information and made it available to the state government on December 4, days after the purchase price was fixed.

Role of the law firm Gleiss Lutz

The law firm Gleiss Lutz was commissioned by Morgan Stanley for the legal aspects of the business . The law firm did not report directly to the state government, but to Dirk Notheis. The law firm was later accused of not having provided sufficient information about the legal risks involved in exercising the right of emergency approval and about the implications of the purchase price under state aid law. The report on the emergency permit law was issued on December 15, 2010.

Initially, Mappus found himself well advised by the law firm. In February 2014, during the course of the parliamentary committee of inquiry, he announced a claim for damages against Gleiss Lutz for inadequate advice. In mid-2016, the Federal Court of Justice (BGH) in Karlsruhe, the highest instance, also rejected this lawsuit.

Change of government in 2011

On March 27, 2011, a state election took place in Baden-Württemberg . It was dominated by the protests against Stuttgart 21 and the Fukushima nuclear disaster and led to a change of government.

As representatives of the successor government say, the previous Mappus government left only a few documents on the acquisition of shares in the State Ministry. For his own defense strategy, Mappus had documents for the EnBW purchase copied in the amount of 10 files. He had the hard drive removed from the service computer and physically destroyed.

The two former opposition parties, the SPD and the Greens, who had previously protested against the EnBW deal, have been dealing with this legacy of their previous government since the change of government. The Handelsblatt wrote on October 17, 2011:

“Apart from the bank bailout, it was the largest nationalization in the Federal Republic. The deal, which is too sloppily documented, makes it difficult to find the culprits. The Mappus government did not leave much of a mark. ... At the same time ... [it] was the most amateurishly completed deal of this magnitude that a government organization ever threaded. It violated the law, it disregarded the sovereignty of parliament and various legal and budgetary principles - quite apart from commercially honest behavior . "

Investigations

Unconstitutionality

In October 2011, the State Court of Baden-Württemberg ruled that circumventing the state parliament when buying back the EnBW shares by means of an emergency permit signed by the then incumbent Finance Minister Willi Stächele is a violation of the constitution. Under political pressure, Stächele resigned from the office of President of the State Parliament on October 12, 2011 .

Parliamentary Committee of Inquiry

At the end of 2011, the Baden-Württemberg state parliament set up a parliamentary committee of inquiry to review the proceedings.

Rejects

As chairman of the deputy was Ulrich Müller ( CDU ) on a proposal of the largest faction determined. He is a supporter and close companion of the main witness Mappus (from 1998 to 2004 Mappus was State Secretary at Environment and Transport Minister Müller before he became his successor). As chairman, he had repeatedly reminded that internal matters should not be made public. On February 14, 2013, Müller announced that he had informed Stefan Mappus several times about what was going on in the committee. He also forwarded critical analyzes and summaries from public meetings to Mappus.

In October 2012, Landtag President Guido Wolf (CDU) was informed by the State Minister of Justice about a leak in the investigative committee and possible violations of the investigative committee law, which he did not investigate.

In February 2013 Ulrich Müller had to resign as chairman and member of the committee of inquiry because he had handed over several internal documents to Mappus and this emerged from documents that the public prosecutor had seized at Mappus. The CDU chairman Volker Schebesta and, in June 2013, the deputy CDU party chairman Winfried Mack had to resign from the investigative committee because they had passed on internal information to Mappus.

Committee work

The first appointment was initially closed to the public, the others could take place with public participation. Morgan Stanley's initial claim to confidentiality was also soon abandoned.

At the end of February 2012, the EDF informed the Baden-Württemberg state government that it was insisting on Mappus' obligation to maintain confidentiality with regard to the repurchase agreement components that had been kept secret up to now and still had to be kept secret. The state government assumed that Mappus could and should comment on most of the contract, since most of the parts had meanwhile become publicly accessible; he himself stated that he wanted to. On March 9, 2012, Mappus testified in detail for the first time before the investigative committee (a comprehensive permission to testify was issued in good time): everything had been done correctly, but the process was "extremely borderline, out of respect for parliament as generally not feasible and as an imposition for the administration ”. He defended, justified and praised the repurchase of the share package. Former finance minister Stächele, on the other hand, was initially mistaken. When he testified to the investigative committee on March 30, 2012, he repeated that everything had come off right. Dirk Notheis described the buyback as legitimate .

Arbitration suit

On February 16, 2012, Baden-Württemberg's Finance Minister and Vice Prime Minister Nils Schmid (SPD) filed for arbitration with the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) based in Paris one day before the deadline . It should be clarified with her whether EDF received an inflated price for the resale of the EnBW shares. The possibility of such arbitration was stipulated in the sales contract. The arbitral tribunal, made up of a representative from both sides and a jointly appointed chairman, has the powers and powers of an ordinary court. In May 2016, the Stuttgart Ministry of Finance announced that the ICC's International Court of Arbitration had rejected the state of Baden-Württemberg's claim for repayment of part of the purchase price. The arbitration had requested a repayment of around 840 million euros.

Assessment

In June 2012, an expert opinion on the purchase of the EnBW shares by the Land of the Court of Auditors was completed. It comes on the basis of the criteria of the state budget regulation (LHO) u. a. to the following findings:

  • Alternatives to purchase were not examined.
  • The target company was not adequately valued prior to the purchase price agreement.
  • The possible risks such as B. The intrinsic value of the investments and legal risks were not adequately recognized.
  • A parliamentary reservation would have been absolutely necessary (see unconstitutionality).

On November 21, 2013, the Stuttgart Public Prosecutor's Office published the result of an expert opinion commissioned by it, which was intended to check whether the purchase price for the block of shares was appropriate. The appraiser, the financial scientist Wolfgang Ballwieser , comes to the conclusion that the then CDU-led state government paid 780 million euros (or 20 percent) too much - instead of 34.58 euros per share, 41.50 euros. In a counter-opinion by the financial scientist Henner Schierenbeck commissioned by Dirk Notheis' defense, the same valuation method results in a value of EUR 46.42 to EUR 51.83 per share, which is far higher than the purchase price; Schierenbeck claims to have recognized "glaring defects" in Ballwieser's report.

Prosecutor's investigation

According to the reports of the state audit office, investigators searched the private and office premises of Mappus and Notheis on July 11, 2012 on suspicion of breach of trust or aiding and abetting. Investigations into suspected breach of trust were also initiated against the former CDU state finance minister and state parliament president Willi Stächele in connection with the emergency permit he had signed and against the former state minister Helmut Rau in connection with his management activities at Neckarpri GmbH.

At the end of October 2012, Mappus wanted the Stuttgart public prosecutor to forward the electronic documents seized during the search, including a copy of the hard drive that had been destroyed in the State Ministry after his end of office, to the parliamentary committee of inquiry into the EnBW affair because of the private data contained therein and the associated data "Violation of the right to informational self-determination " by the Higher Regional Court of Stuttgart forbid; The OLG rejected this request in mid-November. The public prosecutor's office has been investigating since February 2013 because information from Mappus documents that must be kept secret has leaked to the public.

On October 28, 2014, the Stuttgart public prosecutor closed the preliminary investigation initiated in 2012 against Mappus, Rau, Stächele and Notheis in connection with the acquisition of EnBW shares by the State of Baden-Württemberg on suspicion of breach of trust or aiding and abetting.

Development of participation

The following development results from the annual financial statements of Neckarpri as of June 30, 2012: The value of the participation, estimated by auditors, decreased to EUR 3.8 billion in 2011 and to EUR 3.6 billion in 2012. However, the company did not have to make a write-down on the loss in value, as the state guarantees the loss through a value guarantee. EnBW's dividend amounted to EUR 1.53 in 2011 and EUR 0.85 in 2012; For the state-owned Neckarpri, this led to a profit of EUR 127 million in 2011, a loss of EUR 26 million in 2012 and a loss of EUR 36 million in 2013. In October 2016 it became known that the state of Baden-Württemberg would have to provide Neckarpri GmbH with more than 120 million euros in fresh money in 2017. Apparently, EnBW's dividend is no longer sufficient to cover its borrowing costs.

See also

literature

  • Marc Brost, Mark Schieritz: A completely normal business. The purchase of EnBW is considered to be one of the biggest scandals in Baden-Württemberg - but is that also true? In: The time . No. 42/2012 ( online ).
  • The banana country . In: Der Spiegel . No. 43 , 2011 ( online - dossier).
  • Fateful friendship . In: Der Spiegel . No. 29 , 2012 ( online - dossier).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b René Proglio wants to testify in the EnBW scandal. In: Handelsblatt. August 14, 2012, accessed March 3, 2013 .
  2. ↑ Report adopted. Ratings vary. State Parliament of Baden-Württemberg, June 4, 2014, accessed on January 15, 2015 .
  3. ↑ a b c Laborious search for clues in the grave of billions. In: Handelsblatt. October 17, 2011, accessed March 3, 2013 .
  4. ↑ a b c d EnBW purchase: Mappus was controlled. In: faz.net. June 16, 2012, accessed March 6, 2013 .
  5. ↑ The investigation into the EnBW deal has been concluded with a discontinuation order. In: Press release public prosecutor's office in Stuttgart. October 29, 2014. Retrieved October 29, 2014 .
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Report by the Baden-Württemberg Court of Auditors from June 2012 (pdf; 7.1 MB) Retrieved on February 25, 2013 .
  7. ↑ a b Committee on the EnBW deal: Notheis corrects testimony. In: Stuttgarter Zeitung. June 5, 2012, accessed March 20, 2013 .
  8. ↑ a b Stefan Mappus: The Swabian housewife will be delighted. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. December 6, 2010, accessed March 20, 2013 .
  9. ↑ Maria Wetzel: Committee of Inquiry: "Goll should have intervened in the EnBW deal". In: Stuttgarter Nachrichten. April 4, 2012, accessed June 7, 2013 .
  10. ↑ EnBW share purchase: Stächele inaugurated the EnBW deal late. In: Stuttgarter Zeitung. March 18, 2011, accessed March 18, 2011 .
  11. ^ Opposition to the EnBW buyback: Mappus abuse of power? (No longer available online.) In: Stuttgarter Zeitung. December 15, 2010, archived from the original on December 18, 2010 ; Retrieved December 15, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stuttgarter-zeitung.de
  12. ↑ Above all, the CDU comes across the Willi Stächele case. In: Stuttgarter Zeitung. March 9, 2012, accessed March 7, 2013 .
  13. ↑ Mappus zu EnBW: A mutual business. In: Stuttgarter Zeitung. December 7, 2010, accessed January 7, 2015 .
  14. ^ EnBW history: Mappus and the Maultaschen connection. In: Handelsblatt. December 10, 2010, accessed December 12, 2010 .
  15. ↑ Plenary minutes of the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg ( memento of the original from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.5 MB) December 15, 2010, Top 7563 and 7564, p. 36 f. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www9.landtag-bw.de
  16. ↑ EnBW deal - new details increase pressure on Mappus. In: SWR Landesschau aktuell . January 11, 2014.
  17. ↑ according to the chronicle of the CDU-BW ( memento of the original from January 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; He is no longer a member of the board elected to the 61st state party conference of the CDU Baden-Württemberg on July 23, 2011 in Ludwigsburg , as he announced in March 2011 ( Memento of the original from January 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link became automatic used and not yet tested. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. would have. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cdu-bw.de @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cdu-bw.de
  18. ↑ a b Chronology of a ruthless business. In: Handelsblatt. July 11, 2012, accessed March 6, 2013 .
  19. ↑ Mappus handled the EnBW deal with a CDU friend. In: Der Spiegel. December 10, 2010, accessed December 12, 2010 .
  20. ^ Email traffic between Mappus and Notheis. (PDF; 4.8 MB) (No longer available online.) U. a. on the ZDF site, archived from the original on June 8, 2013 ; Retrieved March 22, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.zdf.de
  21. ^ A rush of power. In: The Economist. June 26, 2012, accessed March 16, 2013 .
  22. ^ EnBW report: Serious errors at Morgan Stanley, failures at Gleiss Lutz. Juve, July 11, 2012, accessed March 19, 2013 .
  23. ^ Parliamentary scrutiny : Gleiss Lutz 'mysterious change of opinion on the EnBW deal. Juve, January 27, 2012, accessed March 16, 2013 .
  24. ^ Arnold Rieger: Schloßgarten Committee: Is Mappus already preparing? In: Stuttgarter Nachrichten. February 18, 2014, accessed December 18, 2014 .
  25. ↑ badische-zeitung.de , July 22, 2016: Mappus also loses at the BGH (October 7, 2016)
  26. ↑ Confiscated computers: Mappus wants to sue for deletion of data. In: Der Spiegel. October 15, 2012, accessed March 14, 2013 .
  27. ^ Judgment: EnBW share purchase by the state of Baden-Württemberg was unconstitutional. Gratis-urteile.de, October 6, 2011, accessed on March 4, 2013 .
  28. ↑ State Court: ENBW purchase was unconstitutional. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. October 6, 2011, accessed March 4, 2013 .
  29. ↑ State Parliament President Stächele falls over the EnBW deal. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung. October 17, 2011, accessed March 4, 2013 .
  30. ^ State Parliament of Baden-Württemberg: Committee of Inquiry into the EnBW Deal. (No longer available online.) State Parliament of Baden-Württemberg, December 14, 2011, archived from the original on February 19, 2013 ; Retrieved March 4, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.landtag-bw.de
  31. ↑ With profundity. (No longer available online.) In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. July 14, 2012, archived from the original on January 3, 2014 ; Retrieved March 3, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mueller-mdl.de
  32. ↑ Investigative committee becomes an embarrassment for the CDU . In: Die Welt , February 15, 2013
  33. ^ Confession on Ash Wednesday . In: Der Tagesspiegel , February 15, 2013
  34. ↑ The EnBW Deal - From Political Coup to Disaster. SWR, February 28, 2013, accessed March 14, 2012 .
  35. ^ Allegations against Guido Wolf in the EnBW committee. In: Badische Zeitung. June 5, 2013, accessed June 13, 2013 .
  36. ↑ The lost honor of Stefan Mappus. Deutschlandfunk, June 12, 2013, accessed on June 13, 2013 .
  37. ↑ Leaks in the EnBW investigation committee. SWR, June 12, 2013, accessed June 13, 2013 .
  38. ↑ Andreas Böhme: Mappus becomes the first witness on the committee . In: badische-zeitung.de, Nachrichten, Südwest , February 4, 2012 (April 21, 2012)
  39. ↑ Andreas Böhme: Morgan Stanley insists on confidentiality in the EnBW deal . In: badische-zeitung.de, Nachrichten, Südwest , January 18, 2012 (April 21, 2012)
  40. ↑ dpa : EDF insists on Mappus' confidentiality . In: badische-zeitung.de, Nachrichten, Südwest , March 1, 2012 (March 4, 2012)
  41. ↑ dpa: Confusion about Mappus appearance continues . In: badische-zeitung.de, Nachrichten, Südwest , March 2, 2012 (March 4, 2012)
  42. ↑ a b Badische Zeitung, Nachrichten, Südwest , March 7, 2012, Andreas Böhme: Mappus can say anything to the EnBW committee . In: badische-zeitung.de (March 25, 2012)
  43. ^ Badische Zeitung , Nachrichten, Südwest , March 10, 2012, Andreas Böhme: A business beyond the rules . In: badische-zeitung.de (March 25, 2012)
  44. ↑ Henning Otte and Julia Giertz, dpa: Mappus: EnBW deal almost failed at the last second . In: badische-zeitung.de, Nachrichten, Südwest , March 9, 2012 (April 21, 2012)
  45. ↑ Andreas Böhme: Stächele says about the EnBW deal: “I don't want to talk about feelings” . In: badische-zeitung.de, Nachrichten, Südwest , March 30, 2012 (April 21, 2012)
  46. ↑ Andreas Böhme: How much was the EnBW package worth? . In: badische-zeitung.de, Nachrichten, Südwest , February 17, 2012 (February 19, 2012)
  47. ↑ spiegel.de February 16, 2012: Arbitral tribunal should examine the purchase of EnBW
  48. ↑ Andreas Albert: Baden-Württemberg does not get any money back from the EnBW deal. Spiegel Online, May 13, 2016, accessed September 16, 2016 .
  49. ^ State budget regulations for Baden-Württemberg
  50. ↑ Rüdiger Soldt: The Swabian housewife is shocked . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , November 21, 2013. Retrieved January 3, 2014.
  51. ↑ New report: EnBW shares were 780 million euros too expensive . In: Badische Zeitung , November 21, 2013.
  52. ↑ Professors argue about the value of EnBW . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , January 3, 2014.
  53. ↑ Roland Muschel: Investigations against Mappus - suspected breach of trust in EnBW deal : badische-zeitung.de, Nachrichten, Südwest, July 11, 2012 (July 15, 2012)
  54. ↑ EnBW affair: Notheis mandates defense lawyer Schiller, ex-finance minister Stächele relies on Eisenmann Wahle Birk. Juve, July 23, 2012, accessed March 21, 2013 .
  55. ↑ Mappus wants to sue against forwarding files . In: Badische Zeitung , November 2, 2012. Retrieved November 18, 2012.
  56. ↑ Bettina Wieselmann: And another defeat . In: Badische Zeitung , November 16, 2012. Retrieved November 18, 2012.
  57. ↑ Details from Mappus files public: public prosecutor determined. tagblatt.de, February 27, 2013, accessed on March 3, 2013 .
  58. ↑ The investigation into the EnBW deal has been concluded with a discontinuation order. In: Press release public prosecutor's office in Stuttgart. October 29, 2014. Retrieved October 29, 2014 .
  59. ↑ Andreas Müller: EnBW deal causes country company to lose millions. In: Stuttgarter Zeitung. June 11, 2013, accessed June 13, 2013 .
  60. ↑ Andreas Böhme: EnBW is becoming more and more expensive for taxpayers. In: Badische Zeitung. November 12, 2014, accessed December 6, 2014 .
  61. ↑ FAZ.net : Buyback from the electricity company burdens the Stuttgart state budget
  62. ↑ badische-zeitung.de , October 6, 2016: EnBW deal by Mappus tears a million hole in state coffers (October 7, 2016)