Evangelical Church (Treis an der Lumda)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Treiser Church from the west

The Evangelical Church in Treis an der Lumda in the municipality of Staufenberg in the district of Gießen ( Hessen ) was built in the 13th century. The three structures, nave, choir and tower, bear signs of both late Romanesque and Gothic . The originally well-fortified church with its southern flank tower is a Hessian cultural monument and houses valuable grave monuments from the Renaissance .

history

A pleban is recorded for the year 1238 (“G. plebanus in treyso”), which probably presupposes the existence of a parish church. Usually the construction of the choir began, followed by the nave, both in the first half of the 13th century. The tower was added in the second half of the 13th century. From an ecclesiastical perspective, Treis belonged to the Archdeaconate of St. Stephen in the Archdiocese of Mainz at the end of the Middle Ages . Together with Sichertshausen and the decayed villages of Dodenhausen, Nieder- and Oberseilbach, Treis formed a parish as a branch.

With the introduction of the Reformation , the parish changed to the Protestant creed. Michael Kere worked here as the first Protestant pastor (1531–1545) and was perhaps still a Catholic priest in the beginning. In 1577 Sichertshausen was parish. With Landgrave Moritz von Hessen-Kassel , Treis was temporarily reformed for five years from 1619 to 1624.

In the 15th century the nave received a new roof and a new window with tracery . The formerly open tower hall was walled up to erect an altar, the battlement was abandoned and a pointed helmet was put on. The choir received a large east and north window. Another tracery window was broken into in the 16th century. A major renovation took place in 1781. The galleries on the long sides ("Mannerbühne") were extended to two storeys. The three Romanesque windows from the 13th century were walled up, the two windows from the 15th and 16th centuries were enlarged and the tracery removed. The south portal was partially walled up with a tombstone. For reasons of space, a number of stately chairs or chairs for special people were removed.

The choir loft was enlarged in 1830, and renovation of the interior began in 1869. The parish office connection with Sichertshausen was ended in 1905. A storm on the night of November 22nd to 23rd, 1930, completely destroyed the church roof; a new roof was completed on December 13, 1930. In the course of an interior renovation in 1960/1961, the two-story galleries on the long sides were removed and the organ moved to the west gallery. During an interior renovation in 1988/1989, the crucifix found its place next to the pulpit and a fresco from the Baroque period was uncovered, which shows the Archangel Michael . Thereupon the church council caused the renaming to "Treiser Michaelskirche". The west portal was provided with a canopy in 2000.

architecture

Church from the southwest

The approximately east-facing hall church is raised in the middle of a circular, partly walled cemetery in the middle of the town center. Quarry stone masonry was used as the building material, and gray sandstone for the structure and corner blocks. A choir on an almost square floor plan adjoins the single nave nave on a rectangular floor plan. The tower, which also has a square floor plan, is built in front of the south side of the choir. All three structures were built in the 13th century and have late Romanesque and Gothic style elements.

The church tower has a cornice over three different floors that marks the bell chamber. Round-arched, coupled acoustic arcades are set in on each side. A parapet walkway forms the end of the tower shaft. Four slated triangular gables with the clock faces of the tower clock lead over to the eight-sided pointed helmet. In the late Middle Ages it replaced the original tower structure, the shape of which is unknown. The ground floor has the remains of a cross vault without ribs, which rests on corner columns with cube capitals. Originally there were arched openings on three sides that were walled up secondarily. Only the west arch is still open. A southern flank tower is only known from the church in Kirchberg in the district of Gießen .

The south wall of the nave was redesigned to incorporate the flank tower by a wall width (0.70 meters) to the south, which may be due to a change in planning. The nave has had a steep gable roof about 2.75 meters higher since the 15th century ; the Romanesque roof sloped only 45 °. The western main portal (1.30 meters wide, 2.14 meters high) has been preserved in its original form and is covered by an ogival niche (1.95 meters wide, 2.55 meters high). The canopy dates from the year 2000 and measures 4 × 4 meters. The south portal is partially walled up. The remaining upper semicircle has served as a window ever since. A small high-seated Romanesque arched window is walled up on both long sides.

A pointed arched triumphal arch with a protruding transom connects the nave with the choir. The arched priest door on the south side of the choir leads today to the tower hall, which was originally open. The ribbed vault of the choir ends in a round keystone (0.70 meters in diameter). A baroque fresco in the choir vault shows the Archangel Michael. The eastern choir window is from the Gothic period. The north window is ogival on the inside and has a straight lintel on the outside. The remains of a small southern window between the choir and the tower point to the later construction of the tower.

Furnishing

The nave is closed by a flat ceiling with a cover. The wall slogans date from the church renovation in 1781, when Gothic ornaments were removed. The organ is on the west gallery.

A late Gothic sacrament niche with a pinnacle and keel arch in the north choir wall (0.44 meters wide, 0.62 meters with frame, 0.53 meters high) has been preserved. The altar has a strip with a beveled base. The plate (1.45 × 0.85 × 0.25 meters) only has a beveled profile on the front. The small niche under the plate was used to store a relic .

The polygonal, wooden pulpit on the southern archway was purchased in 1781. It has simple fillings and rests on an octagonal wooden post. To the right of her is a wooden three-nail type crucifix . The stalls leave a central aisle free.

Epitaphs

Epitaph for Christoff Eitel and his wife Eva Dorothea von Schwalbach
Caspar Schutzbar called Milchling and his wife Agnes von Waiblingen

In the church there are three wooden Renaissance grave monuments of the Schutzbar family called Milchling . The simple epitaph made of sandstone Hartmann († 1560) is 1.47 meters wide and stands on the northern wall of the choir. The epitaphs are decorated with inscriptions, Bible verses, family coats of arms and ornaments. The men are shown in full armor, the women by their clothing and gestures as modest and pious.

The double tomb on the north wall of the nave for Caspar († 1588) and his wife Agnes von Waiblingen is colored and richly decorated. The figures are both life-size between pilasters that are flanked by rows of coats of arms. The coats of arms indicate important ancestors of the Hessian and southern German knighthood (Dernbach, Bellersheim, Milchling, Breidenbach, Hatzfeld, Rau, Waiblingen etc.). The sculpture of Agnes von Waiblingen, which is much smaller than Caspar von Schutzbar, is raised by a base with the inscription “Hodie mihi, cras tibi” (“Today me, tomorrow you”). Above the figures are crucifixion and resurrection scenes as well as a plastic representation of the city of Jerusalem . More coats of arms can be seen above the frieze (32 in total).

A large wall epitaph (3.35 meters wide) on the southern wall of the choir commemorates Christoff Eitel († 1622) and his wife Eva Dorothea von Schwalbach († 1624), who are shown in life size, with ten children in front of them in a smaller format. In the upper part, the crucifixion and resurrection of Christ are depicted between herms , and numerous family coats of arms in a similar arrangement to the other double tomb. In the southern nave a wooden epitaph shows the crucified, including the family of Balthasar Fridrich Melchior Schutzsper, who died in 1628, called Milchling, with his wife Cordula S. née von Lenderßheim and their two-year-old son Philip Georg. The square frame is equipped with carved wings and fittings. A stone obelisk for Ludwig Friedrich Philipp Gottlieb Carl von Schutzbar called Milchling was erected north of the church in 1822.

organ

Förster & Nicolaus organ from 1928

An organ was probably installed by an unknown master around 1780 after the choir loft was built. The original disposition comprised ten registers on a manual and pedal. In 1853 an organ builder Kayser from Grünberg repaired the work. At the beginning of the 1870s, Adam Karl Bernhard built a new plant about which no further details are known. Behind the baroque case, Förster & Nicolaus Orgelbau created a new organ with a pneumatic action and a cone shutter in 1928 . Ten registers are distributed over two manuals and pedal. Later three 8 'registers were replaced by higher registers and the pedal was expanded, possibly in the course of moving the organ to the west gallery in 1960/1961. The organ currently has twelve stops. The five-part prospectus has a raised central tower and pointed side towers. In the mediating flat fields, the pipes are unusually not arranged symmetrically, but rather run diagonally up to the central tower. The pipe fields are closed off by an openwork veil, which is also attached over the two flat fields. The soft bass 16 ' is a wind weakening of the sub-bass 16' .

I Manual C – f 3
Principal 8th'
Drone 8th'
Octav 4 ′
flute 2 ′
Intoxicating fifth II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
II Manual C – f 3
Concert flute 8th'
Reed flute 4 ′
Principal 2 ′
Fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Pedal C–
Sub-bass 16 ′
Soft bass 16 ′
Cello bass 8th'
  • Pairing :
    • Normal coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P
    • Super-octave coupling , sub-octave coupling
  • Playing aids : automat. Piano pedal, fixed combinations (p, mf, ff), roller

Peal

Three old bells in front of the church

The church tower houses a ring with three bronze bells from 1981. The oldest bell that is no longer active was cast in the 14th century and is 0.81 meters in diameter. She is the St. Consecrated to Apollonius , it bears the inscription "O REX GLORIE VENI CUM PACE" (O King of Honor, come with peace) and has the tone c sharp 2 . Two bells delivered during the First World War were replaced in 1920 by steel bells with the tones h 1 and d 2 . In 1981 the community acquired three new bronze bells from the Bachert bell foundry , which form the current bell. The three old bells have stood on a pedestal in front of the church since 1998.

literature

  • Friedrich Karl Azzola, Andreas Schmidt: The late medieval grave slab, the post-medieval grave cross stones and their subsequent baroque monuments in Treis an der Lumda (district of Gießen) and Sichertshausen (district of Marburg-Biedenkopf). In: Messages of the Upper Hessian History Association Giessen. Vol. N.F. 93, 2008, pp. 91-135.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I: Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 868 f.
  • Wilhelm Diehl : Construction book for the Protestant parishes of the sovereign lands and the acquired areas of Darmstadt. (Hassia sacra; 8). Self-published, Darmstadt 1935, pp. 693–695.
  • Evangelical Church Community Treis / Lumda (Hrsg.): Lebendige Steine. 750 years of the Treis Church. Treis / Lumda 2000.
  • State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Karlheinz Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. District of Giessen III. The communities of Allendorf (Lumda), Biebertal, Heuchelheim, Lollar, Staufenberg and Wettenberg. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Theiss, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 3-8062-2179-0 , p. 274 f.
  • Ernst Schneider: Treis. Chronicle of an old village. Municipality of Treis ad Lumda, Treis ad Lumda 1973.
  • Heinrich Walbe : The art monuments of the Gießen district. Vol. 1. Northern part. Hessisches Denkmalarchiv, Darmstadt 1938, pp. 346–354.
  • Peter Weyrauch : The churches of the old district of Giessen. Mittelhessische Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Gießen 1979, p. 180 f.
  • Thomas Weyrauch: The development of the city of Giessen and its surroundings under Captain Caspar von Schutzbar. In: Messages of the Upper Hessian History Association Giessen. New Series, Volume 73, 1988, pp. 63-83.
  • Thomas Weyrauch: The grave monument of the knight Caspar von Schutzbar in the church at Treis an der Lumda. Ed .: Parish Treis an der Lumda 1988.

Web links

Commons : Evangelical Church (Treis an der Lumda)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 2010, p. 275.
  2. ↑ a b c d Homepage of the parish : History of the parish and church , accessed on March 26, 2018.
  3. ↑ a b c Treis an der Lumda. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on January 20, 2014 .
  4. ↑ Evangelical Church Community Treis / Lumda (ed.): Lebendige Steine. 750 years of the Treis Church. 2000, p. 8.
  5. ^ Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 869.
  6. ^ Weyrauch: The churches of the old district Gießen. 1979, p. 181.
  7. ↑ Evangelical Church Community Treis / Lumda (ed.): Lebendige Steine. 750 years of the Treis Church. 2000, p. 25.
  8. ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1938, p. 346 f.
  9. ^ Weyrauch: The churches of the old district Gießen. 1979, p. 180.
  10. ^ Weyrauch: The churches of the old district Gießen. 1979, p. 96.
  11. ↑ a b Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1938, p. 348.
  12. ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1938, p. 350.
  13. ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1938, p. 352.
  14. ↑ Thomas Weyrauch: The development of the city of Giessen and its surroundings under Captain Caspar von Schutzbar. P. 65 f .; Thomas Weyrauch: The grave monument of the knight Caspar von Schutzbar in the church at Treis an der Lumda. P. 4 ff.
  15. ^ Franz Bösken, Hermann Fischer: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 29.2 ). tape 3 : Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 2: M-Z . Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1331-5 , p. 924 f .
  16. ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1938, p. 293.

Coordinates: 50 ° 40 ′ 2.5 ″  N , 8 ° 47 ′ 7.1 ″  E