Plane crash

Crash site of the Airbus A300 with the aircraft registration number N14053 ( American Airlines flight 587 ; 2001)

Airplane crash describes different types of aircraft accidents depending on the language used . In contrast to aircraft accidents, the term is not officially defined. In official publications, in particular by the German Federal Bureau of Aircraft Accident Investigation (BFU), crashes are used to describe flight accidents in which the aircraft loses its ability to fly and can no longer be landed in a controlled manner. Loss of control while being able to fly can also lead to a crash. B. by incorrect operation on the part of the pilots as in the case of Air France flight 447 .

The airplane crash differs from take-off or taxiing accidents, from crash landing (in which damage occurred during a normal landing or emergency landing ) and from controlled flight into terrain (CFIT), in which a fully functional airplane collides with terrain. However, the Swiss Federal Office for Civil Aviation (FOCA) also uses the term for CFIT and speaks of a “controlled fall into the terrain”. In the German-language media, the term is also often used for aircraft accidents in which there is neither a loss of control nor a CFIT.

Contrary to what is often feared, the failure of all engines, for example due to a lack of fuel, does not necessarily lead to a crash. Airplanes are generally airworthy without the thrust of the engines, but then have to reduce altitude in gliding flight to maintain speed . For the emergency supply of the technical systems, some large aircraft have a special, fold-out wind turbine ( RAT ) that is driven by the airflow.

Airplane crashes with the most casualties

This list includes plane crashes with 200 or more fatalities.

See also list of the most serious aviation accidents (there are also non- crash accidents listed , e.g. Saudia flight 163 ).

date	airline	Aircraft type	Victim	survival bende	procedure
March 3, 1974	Turkish Airlines	McDonnell Douglas DC-10	346	0	The DC-10 lost the improperly closed rear cargo door shortly after taking off from Paris-Orly Airport . The subsequent sharp drop in pressure in the cargo hold caused a partial collapse of the cabin floor and destroyed the lines laid there to control the machine ( see Turkish Airlines flight 981 ).
January 1, 1978	Air India	Boeing 747-200B	213	0	Shortly after the night take-off from Bombay Airport , the artificial horizon failed . The pilots lost their orientation and the plane crashed into the sea ( see Air India Flight 855 ).
May 25, 1979	American Airlines	McDonnell Douglas DC-10	273	0	The aircraft lost an engine during takeoff from Chicago O'Hare Airport due to a maintenance failure, which damaged hydraulic lines for the controls. The machine crashed uncontrollably 30 seconds later, killing 271 occupants and two people on the ground ( see American Airlines flight 191 ).
September 1, 1983	Korean Air	Boeing 747-200	269	0	The Soviet Air Force shot down an off-course Boeing 747 near Sakhalin , assuming it was a US spy plane ( see Korean Airlines flight 007 ).
June 23, 1985	Air India	Boeing 747-200	329	0	Crash after a bomb explosion as a result of a terrorist attack 180 km west of Cork , Ireland into the Atlantic ( see Air India flight 182 ).
July 10, 1985	Aeroflot	Tupolev Tu-154B	200	0	If the speed was too low, the flow stall and the flame stalled at high altitude . The pilots could no longer prevent the crash ( see Aeroflot flight 5143 ).
August 12, 1985	Japan Airlines	Boeing 747-100	520	4th	The plane flew uncontrollably against a mountainside northwest of Tokyo. An incorrectly repaired bulkhead had previously ruptured, causing a pressure wave to tear off the machine's vertical tail. Four passengers survived ( see Japan Airlines flight 123 ).
December 12, 1985	Arrow Air	Douglas DC-8-63	256	0	The plane coming from Cairo crashed into a forest immediately after taking off after a stopover at Gander Airport . All 256 inmates, mostly American soldiers, were killed.
3rd July 1988	Iran Air	Airbus A300B2-200	290	0	The Airbus was shot down by the crew of the US warship USS Vincennes (CG-49) over Iranian territorial waters because it had been mistaken for an F-14 Tomcat by the Aegis automated combat system (see also Iran Air Flight 655 ) .
December 21, 1988	Pan Am	Boeing 747-100	270	0	Crash after a bomb explosion following a terrorist attack on the Scottish town of Lockerbie . The 259 occupants of the machine and 11 residents of the village were killed ( see Lockerbie attack ).
May 26, 1991	Lauda Air	Boeing 767-300	223	0	During the climb after take-off from Bangkok Airport , the thrust reverser of the left engine switched on automatically. Due to the sudden stall , the aircraft became uncontrollable, broke apart and fell about 7,500 meters ( see Lauda Air flight 004 ).
July 11, 1991	Nationair Canada	Douglas DC-8-61	261	0	The aircraft, which was used on behalf of Nigeria Airways , crashed near Jeddah Airport because a fire on board destroyed important hydraulic lines ( see Nigeria Airways flight 2120 ).
April 26, 1994	China Airlines	Airbus A300-600	264	7th	Crash on approach to airport Nagoya because the autopilot accidentally in the mode for go-around had been switched and to a in the subsequent attempts to intercept the engine stall came. Seven passengers survived.
July 17, 1996	TWA	Boeing 747-100	230	0	The plane exploded after taking off from New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport after a short circuit had ignited hot kerosene fumes . She crashed into the sea off the coast of Long Island ( see Trans-World Airlines Flight 800 ).
November 12, 1996	Saudi Arabian Airlines and Air Kazakhstan	Ilyushin Il-76 and Boeing 747-100	349	0	The Ilyushin had left its assigned altitude and collided with the Boeing in the air over India ( see Charkhi Dadri aircraft collision ).
August 6, 1997	Korean Air	Boeing 747-300	228	26th	Crash on August 6, 1997 while approaching Antonio B. Won Pat Airport in Guam . 228 people were killed in the accident and 26 others were injured ( see Korean Air flight 801 ).
February 16, 1998	China Airlines	Airbus A300-600	203	0	When taking off at Taipei-Chiang Kai-shek airport , the flow stalled and the plane crashed ( see China Airlines flight 676 ).
September 2, 1998	Swissair	McDonnell Douglas MD-11	229	0	Crash near Halifax Airport on the flight from New York to Geneva after a fire broke out due to a short circuit behind a cockpit panel ( see Swissair flight 111 ).
November 12, 2001	American Airlines	Airbus A300-600	265	0	The Airbus lost after heavy rudder deflections as a result of misuse his rudder and crashed in the New York district of Queens . All 260 occupants were killed and five people were killed on the ground ( see American Airlines flight 587 ).
May 25, 2002	China Airlines	Boeing 747-200	225	0	The machine broke apart on the way from Taipei to Hong Kong , probably due to material fatigue ( see China Airlines flight 611 ).
June 1, 2009	Air France	Airbus A330-200	228	0	The Airbus crashed over the Atlantic on the way from Rio de Janeiro to Paris . The first material remains were only found after a good 2 months, the main part of the wreck was only found after 20 months at a depth of 4000 m in the rugged Untersee mountains ( see Air France flight 447 ).
17th July 2014	Malaysia Airlines	Boeing 777-200ER	298	0	The machine was hit by a surface-to-air missile on the flight from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur over the contested area of eastern Ukraine ( see Malaysia Airlines flight 17 ).
October 31, 2015	Kogalymavia	Airbus A321-200	224	0	The Airbus 321 took off at around 5:50 a.m. local time from Sharm el-Sheikh for St. Petersburg . Shortly after take-off, the machine broke apart in the air and crashed on the Sinai Peninsula . Investigators assume a bomb attack ( see Kogalymavia flight 9268 ).

Remarks

↑ On August 24, 2001, the pilots of an Air Transat Airbus A330-200 managed a 19-minute glide flight on Air Transat flight 236 . Due to a line leak, fuel leaked unnoticed on the entire flight across the Atlantic. After all engines failed, the aircraft continued to glide and finally made a successful emergency landing on the Portuguese military airfield Lajes Field in the Azores . All 306 people survived the landing unharmed, injuries only occurred when leaving the aircraft.

↑ According to the Swiss use of the term; However, the type of accident was classic CFIT .

swell

Web links

Wiktionary: plane crash - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Wikinews: Plane Crash - On The News

Individual evidence

↑ Federal Office of Civil Aviation: Safety Report 2007, p. 27 ( Memento of March 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF, 74 kB)

[2] On August 24, 2001, the pilots of an Air Transat Airbus A330-200 managed a 19-minute glide flight on Air Transat flight 236 . Due to a line leak, fuel leaked unnoticed on the entire flight across the Atlantic. After all engines failed, the aircraft continued to glide and finally made a successful emergency landing on the Portuguese military airfield Lajes Field in the Azores . All 306 people survived the landing unharmed, injuries only occurred when leaving the aircraft.

[3] According to the Swiss use of the term; However, the type of accident was classic CFIT .

[1] Federal Office of Civil Aviation: Safety Report 2007, p. 27 ( Memento of March 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF, 74 kB)