Franz Neumayr

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Father Franz Neumayr

Franz Neumayr , baptized Franciscus Sebastianus, (born January 7, 1697 in Munich , † May 1, 1765 in Augsburg ) was a German religious priest of the Jesuit order , preacher , playwright and writer .

Life

Franz Neumayr was born on January 17, 1697 in Munich as the son of the local brewer Georg Neumayr (1659–1719, son of a baker) and his wife Maria Ursula, a daughter of the city councilor Michael Stolz and his wife Helena. He was baptized Franciscus Sebastianus and had ten siblings, six of whom died early. The parents provided a good education. From 1706 he attended the Jesuit grammar school in his hometown, but had to leave it after six years because of his bad behavior. On October 13 of that year he was in the city in the Novziat added the Jesuits. He later studied in the Augustinian Canons in Polling .

From 1714 to 1717 Neumayr studied philosophy at the Lyzeum in Augsburg. He received the minor orders on April 24, 1716 . In the five years after his studies, he traveled to Neuburg , Dillingen an der Donau , Munich , Burghausen and finally back to Augsburg as part of the Interstiz . Subsequently, he studied from 1722 to 1726 in Dillingen and in Ingolstadt theology, was in March 1726 to sub-deacon ordained, the following month to the deacon and on June 15 for priests . In this and the next year he also stayed in Altötting for the tertiary level .

After graduating from college, Neumayr worked at grammar schools in Brig and Solothurn until 1729 as a rhetoric teacher and then in 1729 and 1730 as a missionary at the Salzburg Archbishopric. On February 2, 1730, he finally made his solemn profession . In the following year he was called to teach rhetoric in Munich, in 1736 as a missionary in Haidhausen , the following year as court preacher in Hall in Tyrol and in 1738 as president of the Latin congregation in Munich. He was also prefect of studies in 1743, 1746 and 1747 and began to work as a writer.

After Neumayr had been the rain of the Dillinger and Ingolstädter Konviktes from 1750 to 1752 , he became cathedral preacher at the Augsburg Cathedral . In this office he gave controversial sermons every year at least on the third day of Christmas, Easter and Pentecost and on August 12th. In 1762 he celebrated his golden profession. He had already become weaker. The next year he gave up his position as cathedral preacher and fell seriously ill. He could no longer use his hands and feet and died on May 1, 1765 at the age of 68.

Act

In his controversial sermons Neumayr dealt with Protestantism and free thinking . In a pamphlet from 1760 he dealt with probabilism , after which the Dominican Reichard wrote several pamphlets. This controversy continued for a long time with interruptions, and Neumayr had some followers. One of his sermons on the subject was indexed . He campaigned against probabilism, which is why his opponents reported him to the bishop. This indicted Neumayr in Rome and on May 29, 1760 a corresponding decree of the Inquisition was issued. Afterwards, German bishops also condemned his sermon. Since he was loyal to the Church, he remained silent, and the dispute was over. Since this dispute Neumayr occupied himself more intensively with literature and wanted to abolish several ascetic writings.

Neumayr had extensive knowledge in all theological areas. He defended the Church and called, among other things, the Catholic denomination as the only reasonable one; he also wrote a work with arguments to remain or become a Catholic. Even so, he was popular as a theological writer with both Catholic and Protestant believers. Some of his literary work appeared only after his death.

Neumayr was more practical, but always looked for a justification for his actions in his works. In total he wrote about 100 works, which were published in 400 editions and were also distributed outside of Germany. This also includes textbooks and dramatic works, as well as theoretical drama. He wrote six tragedies , three comedies and a Singspiel .

Neumayr was very much appreciated in his time, but later it was educators like Friedrich Nicolai who viewed him negatively in retrospect. Neumayr had clear principles, but was still not a fanatic. Pedagogically, he advocated slight innovations. Overall, he was a great teacher and preacher. Neumayr worked restlessly in God's service. Even when he could no longer walk well, he did not stay away from the pulpit, but let himself be driven there, and when he could no longer write himself he dictated.

Works

  • Theatrum asceticum, sive Meditationes sacrae in Theatro Congregationis Latinae, Monachii exhibitae verni jejunii tempore, from anno 1739 ad annum 1747 (Ingolstadt / Augsburg 1748)
  • Idea Rhetorices, sive Institutio brevis de praeceptis etc. Rhetorices (Augsburg 1748)
  • Truth, strength and exercise of the divine virtues: faith, hope and love (Ingolstadt / Augsburg 1749)
  • Idea Poeseos, seu methodica instructio de praeceptis, praxi et usu artis ad ingeniorum culturam, animorum oblectionem, ac morum doctrinam accommodata (Ingolstadt 1751)
  • Idea cultus Mariani (Augsburg 1751)
  • Gratia vocationis sacerdotalis (Augsburg 1751)
  • Vir apostolicus, seu doctrina methodica de utili et facili praxi functionum sacerdotalium (Augsburg 1752)
  • Appendix to the remarks about the worthless justification of Mr. Franz Rothfischer etc. or a modest answer to the crude blasphemous pamphlet which the careless man perniciously scattered about the state of the Catholic schools (Ingolstadt 1753)
  • Exterminium Acediae: Fructus exhortationis DN Jesu Christi, Luc. 13, triduo expensae (Augsburg 1755)
  • Sermons on the question of whether there is a fruitful means of uniting the three religions of the Holy Roman Empire? (Munich / Ingolstadt 1755)
  • Question: Whether his previous disputes had been thoroughly answered by Lutheran pen-fighters and whether the truth was actively refuted? Examined by the author himself and submitted to impartial readers for further judgment, especially against the theological delights of Dr. Chladenius (Munich / Ingolstadt 1755)
  • Question: whether the Catholic clergy are rightly despised by the Protestants? answered (Munich / Ingolstadt 1755)
  • Triduum sacrum exercitiis spiritualibus accommodatum (Augsburg 1756)
  • Ordo diurnus, sive Methodus vitae quotidianae ad Dei bene placitum multo cum fructu exigendae
  • Sacred disputes on important questions of faith (two volumes; Munich / Ingolstadt 1757–1760)
  • Sacrorum Exercitiorum (two parts, Augsburg 1757)
  • Vita reflexa, see usus examinis quotidiani
  • Question: Is the probabilism of Catholic schools abhorrent? Answered (Augsburg 1760)
  • Theatrum politicum, sive Tragoediae ad commendationem virtutis et vitiorum detestationem
  • Curatio Melancholiae or Patience in Suffering (Augsburg 1761)
  • Theatrum asceticum. Tomus II sive mundus in maligno positus. Meditationes exhibitae Monachii from anno 1748 ad annum 1750 (1761)
  • Micae evangelicae, see Puncta Meditationum (Augsburg 1762)
  • Core of Christianity or Christian Catholic doctrine and morals (Augsburg / Innsbruck 1762)
  • Catholic church year or declaration of the Sunday and feast day gospels (Augsburg 1762)
  • Miserere or the 50th Psalm explained in moving historical sermons (two parts, Augsburg 1762–1765)
  • Prayer week, or devotional meditations on the seven petitions of the Holy Our Father (Augsburg 1763)
  • Spiritual assembly of minds (Augsburg 1764)
  • The triumphant truth, that is the decisive motive for remaining Catholic or becoming Catholic; drawn from the disputes (Augsburg 1764)
  • Sermons of the Holy Rosary on the fifteen mysteries of the life, suffering and death of Christ (Augsburg / Ingolstadt 1764)
  • Festum Lacrymarum, or three-day Tear Festival, including an eulogy for the feast of St. Magdalena (Augsburg 1764)
  • Religio prudentum, sive sola fides catholica fides prudens (Augsburg / Ingolstadt 1764)
  • Holy disputes or controversial sermons (four parts, Augsburg 1764)
  • The mercy of God, presented in the prodigal son (Augsburg 1766)
  • Rhetorica Christiana, sive Methodus practica, doctrinam Christianam ad captum onmis aetatis insigni cum animarum fructu explanandi. Olim discipulis Rhetoricae pro privata eruditione ad calamum data, nunc publicae lucis facta (Augsburg 1766)
  • Doctrine of Faith and Life on the Item of the Most Holy Sacrament of the Altar (Augsburg 1768)
  • The commandment of God's love etc. (Augsburg 1768)
  • Via compendii ad perfectionem statui religioso competentem itinere octiduano emetienda, duce S. Ignatio de Loyola (Augsburg 1769)
  • Via salutis, sive sacra exercitia juventuti litterariae accommodata (Augsburg 1770)
  • Apostolic preacher, that is moral discourse on all Sundays of the church year (two parts, Augsburg 1755)
  • sacred order of life, together with instructions for sensible performance (Augsburg 1779)
  • Triple moral speeches on every Feast of Mary (Augsburg 1779)
  • Thorough and practical Christian teachings of faith, hope and love, as well as Christian justice, for all ages (Augsburg 1780)
  • Thorough and practical Christian teachings on the holy sacraments, for all ages (Augsburg 1783)
  • True concept of ascetic theology, which presents the science of the saints, that is, to become holy (Augsburg 1784)
  • Lessons to Obtain Useful Perfections (Augsburg 1789)
Neumayr wrote the following dramas
  • Titus Imperator
  • Eutropius infelix Politicus
  • Papinianus Juris consultus
  • Anastatius Deacon
  • Jeroboam
  • Constantia orthodoxa from Imperatore Constantio sapienter honorata
  • Sepulchrum concupiscenctiae
  • Servus duorum dominorum
  • Processus judicialis contra fures temporis
  • Tobias and Sara

literature

Remarks

  1. ↑ In the ADB it says 1775
  2. ↑ A complete bibliography can be found in the BBKL.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Neumayr, Franz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Neumayr, Franciscus Sebastianus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Catholic theologian, Jesuit, preacher, playwright and writer
DATE OF BIRTH January 7, 1697
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich
DATE OF DEATH May 1, 1765
Place of death augsburg