Frauenkirche (Unterriexingen)
The Frauenkirche in Unterriexingen , a district of Markgröningen in the Baden-Württemberg district of Ludwigsburg , stands southwest and above the village in the middle of the cemetery. Expanded in the 14th century, it fell into ruin in the 19th century. From 1874 it was restored by Baron Gerhard Leutrum von Ertingen . The renewed restoration between 1999 and 2003 by Karl Magnus Graf Leutrum von Ertingen was awarded the Baden-Württemberg Monument Protection Prize in 2004.
geography
The church is located southwest of Unterriexingen on a hill between the Enz and Glems valleys that rises to the point of muscling. At about 240 m above sea level NN, the church towers over the once distant place in the valley, which has been getting closer and closer to it since the 1960s. The houses built in the 2000s in the Im Bäumle development area are only around 150 meters away from the churchyard . The choice of location far from the castle and place is unclear. A pre-Christian cult site may have been taken over. However, a desolate settlement in the vicinity of the church also appears possible. On its east side, the Frauenweg leads from Unterriexingen to Aichholzhof and on towards Hemmingen . The women's blade leads from the church into the Glemstal. This old ravine is now protected as a natural monument.
The alignment of the longitudinal axis of the church building is approximately 55 degrees, so it has a comparatively strong eastward deviation of 35 degrees to the north.
history
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The Frauenkirche is a Gothic hall church with a west tower and a cross-ribbed polygonal choir with a 5/8 end in the east. According to Gerhard Leutrum von Ertingen, it was built as a pilgrimage chapel in the 13th century and expanded by the Lords of Riexingen in the 14th century . The nave was enlarged and provided with buttresses, and the choir and tower were added. Until the chapel was expanded in the village around 1628, it served as a parish church, then primarily as the burial place of the local noble families. The grave slab for Friedrich Osterbronn von Riexingen († 1394) located in the middle of the choir is the oldest preserved tomb in the Frauenkirche. It is considered an indication that the noble family von Riexingen , who also provided the first known church lord in 1379 with Heinrich von Riexingen, had the church expanded. The current name as Frauenkirche goes back to the patronage of Our Lady (Maria).
Until the Reformation , the church, also popularly known as "s'Käppele", was also used for pilgrimages , including reports of a pilgrim monk from Hungary. The inner walls of the almost windowless hall building were provided with frescoes , which mainly depicted scenes of the Last Judgment . There were also several altars in the church , including the gilded altar of Our Lady .
destruction
According to Gerhard Graf Leutrum , the church suffered major damage in the Palatinate War of Succession in 1693 : Austrian troops are said to have fired guns at French troops in the churchyard of the Frauenkirche from the Hochstämmer . Damage should also have occurred in the village itself. According to the tradition given by Reyscher and Troll, the damage is said to have occurred during the War of the Spanish Succession . When the French left the church, they stole the bells from the Frauenkirche. In addition, a lightning strike the following year set the church on fire. The damage was only poorly repaired and a temporary roof was built. On a panorama of Markgröningen , the "Unter Riexiniger Todten Kirch" 1798 can still be seen with a roof. After this collapsed, the church fell into ruin and was misused by the population as a building material reservoir. In the 19th century, the church ruin, known as "picturesque", attracted artists such as Carl Urban Keller and August Seyffer . After the family of the barons, later counts, Leutrum von Ertingen moved back to Unterriexingen Castle in 1820, the idea was to restore the former patronage church.
Restoration
In 1874/75 Gerhard Leutrum von Ertingen finally acquired the church from the community in order to restore it in the spirit of his forefathers and to secure the valuable epitaphs of the local nobility. He also had a family crypt created for the people of Ertingen. Master builder August Beyer advised him on the restoration . Inside the nave, the ruin character of the church was preserved. The spire, roof truss and gallery were rebuilt, the choir was separated by a barred choir screen and its windows were glazed in neo-Gothic style . Finally, in 1891, a valuable Romanesque crucifix from the 12th century was brought from the ancestral home of the Leutrum family in Ertingen to Unterriexingen and installed in the Frauenkirche.
Since the restoration, the church has also been used for funeral services for the congregation.
renovation
From 1999 to 2003 the owner Karl Magnus Graf Leutrum had the church restored by architect Gerhard Schmid. Among other things, this was urgently needed to protect the stone epitaphs from loss of substance due to rising damp or salinization. In 2004 the client received the Baden-Württemberg Monument Protection Prize for the exemplary restoration . The Romanesque crucifix was then restored.
Burial place
According to the Lords of Riexingen , the Frauenkirche was used as a burial place for the following noble families:
- Gift of Winterstetten (oldest epitaph from 1477)
- Lords of Nippenburg (oldest epitaph from 1531)
- Lords of Sternenfels (oldest epitaph from 1614)
- Lords of Lützelburg (oldest epitaph from 1677)
- Schertlin von Burtenbach (oldest epitaph from 1680)
- Lords of Sperberseck (oldest epitaph from 1692)
- Leutrum von Ertingen (oldest epitaph from 1825)
Others
According to the concise dictionary of German superstition , a pastor with a wig should handle the Frauenkirche.
The Frauenkirche and the walled part of the cemetery are under monument protection.
literature
- Jochen Ansel, Karl Halbauer, Sophie Richter: The Romanesque crucifix of the Frauenkirche in Markgröningen-Unterriexingen. In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , 36th year 2007, issue 1, pp. 32–41, denkmalpflege-bw.de (PDF)
- Monika Balzert: Old love ... poetry and preservation of monuments in the Unterriexinger Frauenkirche. In: Through the city glasses - history and stories about Markgröningen , Volume 4, 1989, pp. 77–85.
- KH: From the old days . In: The Gazebo . Issue 47, 1874, pp. 763-765 ( full text [ Wikisource ]).
- Gerhard Graf Leutrum von Ertingen: The Graeflich-Leutrumsche Frauenkirche in Unter-Riexingen . Stuttgart 1891.
- August Ludwig Reyscher , Vicar Troll: Remains of an old church in Unterriexingen . In: Württemberg year books . tape 1836/2 . Stuttgart 1837, p. 167-176 ( books.google.de ).
- Petra Schad: The Frauenkirche in Unterriexingen. Parish church, pilgrimage church, cemetery church . In: Ludwigsburg history sheets . tape 59 , 2005, pp. 17-38 .
- Frauenkirche Unterriexingen in the description of the Oberamt Vaihingen
Web links
- Building portrait and gallery of the Working Group on Historical Research and Monument Preservation Markgröningen (AGD)
Individual evidence
- ^ Gerhard Graf Leutrum: The Graeflich-Leutrumsche Frauenkirche in Unter-Riexingen. Stuttgart 1891, p. 52ff.
- ↑ Unterriexingen. The churches. (No longer available online.) Markgroeningen.de, archived from the original on March 17, 2010 ; accessed on January 22, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Won on the heights north of the Enz.
- ^ Karl von Riecke : From the memoirs of August Ludwig Reyscher . In: Württemberg quarterly books for regional history . tape IV , 1881, p. 16 . Like Reyscher and Vicar Troll (p. 175), to which he refers, Riecke (p. 18) names the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714).
- ^ Gerhard Graf Leutrum: The Graeflich-Leutrumsche Frauenkirche in Unter-Riexingen. Stuttgart 1891, pp. 11-15.
- ^ Gerhard Graf Leutrum: The Graeflich-Leutrumsche Frauenkirche in Unter-Riexingen. Stuttgart 1891, pp. 16-25.
- ^ Ulrich Gräf: The Frauenkirche in Unterriexingen. (No longer available online.) Diesteinwerkstatt.de, January 2005, archived from the original on February 1, 2014 ; accessed on January 22, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Monument Protection Prize of Württemberger Hypo 2004. Frauenkirche in Markgröningen-Unterriexingen (Ludwigsburg district). In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , 34th year 2005, Issue 1, pp. 38–39 denkmalpflege-bw.de ( Memento of the original from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF).
- ↑ Jochen Ansel, Karl Halbauer, Sophie Richter: The Romanesque crucifix of the Frauenkirche in Markgröningen-Unterriexingen. In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , Volume 36, 2007, Issue 1, pp. 32–41, denkmalpflege-bw.de ( Memento of the original from November 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and still Not checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF).
- ↑ Individual mentions of other genders (e.g. of spouses) are not taken into account here.
- ↑ List of buried people in: Gerhard Graf Leutrum: Die Gräflich-Leutrumsche Frauenkirche zu Unter-Riexingen. Stuttgart 1891, p. 52 ff.
- ^ Eduard Hoffmann-Krayer, Hanns Baechtold-Staeubli: Concise dictionary of German superstition . 1974, p. 1106 ( books.google.de ).
Coordinates: 48 ° 55 '55.6 " N , 9 ° 2' 59.9" E