Lords of Riexingen

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Coat of arms of the Lords of Riexingen (15th century)
Keep in Unterriexingen
Frauenkirche from the west
Document from Albert von Riexingen, Abbot of Maulbronn Monastery (1378)
Bydgoszcz Castle (1683)

The Lords of Riexingen (initially Ruoggisingen and later Riegsingen ) were partly knights , some lesser nobility that its eponymous seat on the castle Riexingen on the northeast edge of Unterriexingen in Baden-Württemberg district of Ludwigsburg had. At times they were vassals of the Counts of Vaihingen , the Margraves of Baden and, from the 15th century, in particular the Counts of Württemberg . In 1560 the last representative of her sex died.

history

First representatives

The family of the Lords of Riexingen can be documented for the first time in 1085, when Sigeboto de Ruoggisingen with goods in Göttelfingen and Endingen is mentioned in the donation book of the Reichenbach Monastery . As Sigeboto de Rüxingen , this appears next to Heinrich von Obernruxingen around 1085 in the codex of the Hirsau monastery . Around 1100 Theodor Nice leads next Sigebotos widow Petrissa also Werner, Walter, Egenolf and Siegfried of Riexingen and sons Walter of Glatbach and Berthold of Waltendorf on. Around 1150 he found Walther , Hartmann and Ernst von Riexingen to be the donors for Hirsau Monastery . After that, no documents have survived until the 14th century.

Late Middle Ages

From the end of the 14th century, the number of documents from and with Lords of Riexingen increased. Here are a few examples that shed light on the feudal, property and family relationships of these lower nobility, who are often associated with the neighboring lords of Sachsenheim :

  • In 1340, with the consent of his sons Eberhard and Heinrich , known as the Kirchherr, the nobleman Hartmann von Riexingen sells the Vaihingen citizen Konrad Gossolt a certificate from Wiesen am Scheckstein in Stromberg .
  • In 1345 Wilhelm von Riexingen is a witness for Isengard von Berlichingen .
  • In 1377 Albrecht von Riexingen , Abbot of Maulbronn Monastery , exchanged part of the castle and the church set in Dürrmenz to Gerlach von Dürrmenz for a number of goods in Dürrmenz. To 1405 he taught in the dispute between convent Schonau and monastery Billigheim im Odenwald goods and Zinse to Mosbach .
  • In 1379 Kleinhans von Sachsenheim and Fritz von Riexingen , known as Osterbrunn, lend as guardians of Gutlin , daughter of their cousin Heinrich von Riexingen , known as the lord of the church, to Heinrich Zimmermann and his heirs from Zimmer, fields in the Sachsenheim forest and meadows to inherit. Gutlin (Guta) was then housed in the Rechentshofen monastery with some Gülten, her sister Anna von Riexingen was married as the main heir to Hans Pfau von Dalheim . In 1428 Anna is married to Jakob von Stein for the second time and Guta is abbess in Rechentshofen.
  • In 1393 Burkhard Burx , a citizen of Grüningen , reversed the Junker Fritz von Riexingen , known as Osterbrunn, for inheriting a meadow in the Grüningen valley that belongs to the " Trinity Chapel " on the Böselsberg . 1394 died Friedrich Easter Brunn of Riexingen and previously believed in by Heinrich von Riexingen developed Frauenkirche buried. His epitaph is the oldest of the tombs preserved in this tomb.
  • In 1396 the House of Württemberg already had eleven owners and a mayor named Barnhort Kratzenbuch in Unterriexingen, who, together with the citizens , had to swear to Grüningen's original feud , that is, eternal loyalty.
  • In 1407 Georg von Enzberg sells everything that he has in Mühlhausen and its surroundings to the Seifried and Ennlin von Riexingen siblings . In 1408 Rotfritz von Sachsenheim and his wife Ennlin von Riexingen as well as their brother Seifried (Syfriet) von Riexingen sell all their income, goods and rights to the Maulbronn Monastery in Mühlhausen. The seals were made by Fritz von Sachsenheim and Ennlin von Riexingen; Seifried von Riexingen, Fürderer von Wunnenstein, Hans von Urbach, Hans and Burkhard von Sachsenheim .
  • In 1411 Seifried Osterbrunn von Riexingen married Anna von Klingenberg , widow of Rudolf Kamerer from Heilbronn and heir daughter of Konrad von Klingenberg and Anna von Sachsenheim , who in 1433 sold all the rights inherited from her father in Nordheim.
  • In 1432, Sifrid von Riexingen, as the "presenter" of his wife Anna von Clingenberg, reversed the Margrave Jacob I of Baden about his enfeoffment with the named main estate and Gülte. In 1440 Anna von Klingenberg documented that Margrave Jakob had redeemed the 78.5 gulden of the annual Gülte, which her husband Seifried senior carried as her fiefdom, with 1,250 gulden , and gave all goods to the margrave. Seifried senior promised the margrave that he would remain his feudal man for the rest of his life .
  • In 1436, Seifried Osterbrunn von Riexingen bought the Bromberg Castle, which was lent to the House of Württemberg, along with its members from Eberhard von Sternenfels . In 1447 he pledged this temporarily to Georg von Nippenburg . In 1464 Osterbrunn von Riexingen sold Bromberg Castle and its accessories to Messrs. Schwarzfritz von Sachsenheim , Hans von Liebenstein and Hans and Konrad von Sachsenheim , who divided up the estate. The latter two receive "the upper half of the Burgstadel with its accessories, in particular 265 acres of forest with the meadows in it".
  • 1436 Schwarzfritz von Sachsenheim provides the dowry of his wife Notburga geb. Stubenhart at castle and place Unterriexingen safe. / April 24, 1436
  • In 1437 Seifried Osterbrunn von Riexingen gave his allodial share of the “Vordern Burg” and the village of Riexingen to Count Ludwig I of Württemberg-Urach as a fief. In addition, Seifried Osterbrunn von Riexingen senior and junior promise not to sell the tithe to Lauffen , which Count Ludwig I and Ulrich V of Württemberg have given them, "not to someone else's hands or to their superiors". In 1440 Seifried von Riexingen senior , his wife Anna von Klingenberg and their son Seifried junior still sell their tithe shares in Lauffen for 1300 florins to the Frauenzimmern monastery .
  • 1440 allowed Count Ludwig von Württemberg "the Sifrid Easter Brunn of Riexingen the younger," his wife Gerhuse of Sachsenheim 900 florins dowry to the castle Riexingen to refer with appurtenances.
  • In 1447 Schwarzfritz von Sachsenheim acquires both halves of the Riexing headquarters, namely the Urbach from Bernolds von Urbach children for 4,500 florins and the leasable half from Seifried Osterbrunn von Riexingen , in order to be enfeoffed by Württemberg. Martin von Sachsenheim sells the loanable half in 1493 to Ludwig von Nippenburg , who is enfeoffed by Count Eberhard im Bart on June 18, 1493 .
  • In 1454 Dietrich von Bödigheim and his wife Elisabeth von Riexingen sell their part of the tithe in Unterriexingen around 1212 fl to the hospital masters and the nurses of the hospital and alms in Vaihingen an der Enz .
  • In 1463 Seifried Osterbrunn II. Von Riexingen moved in from the House of Württemberg . In 1476 Konrad von Sachsenheim, Berthold's son , called Seifried Osterbrunn II von Riexingen "his dear brother-in-law". In 1478 Seifried seals Osterbrunn II for his brother-in-law Hans von Sachsenheim , also a son of Berthold von Sachsenheim .
  • In 1480, Georg I von Riexingen became Vogt for Count Friedrich senior von Helfenstein at Reußenstein Castle . Seifried Osterbrunn II. Is in the service of Württemberg and is together with his son Seifried Osterbrunn III. Mr. von Spielberg . After the sale of their headquarters, the gentlemen from Riexingen are mainly found in the vicinity of Bromberg Castle , although they only have half of it. In 1487 the brothers Seifried III. and Jörg von Riexingen and his wife Anna von Venningen bought the Bromberg fortress for 400 guilders to Hans von Ützlingen .
  • In 1483 Seifried Osterbrunn III seals . von Riexingen the original feudal prescription of his cousin Schwarzfritz von Sachsenheim to end his conflict with Count Eberhard von Württemberg.
  • In 1488 the Lords of Riexingen joined the "Neckarviertel" of the Swabian Federation at an imperial request , which was created out of the knightly society Sankt Georgenschild and some imperial cities.
  • Around 1500 Kraft von Riexingen was dean of the Comburg monastery , having previously studied at the University of Tübingen .

Extinction of sex

From 1516 Pleicker von Riexingen was in the military service of Duke Ulrich von Württemberg . In 1519 Pleicker and Hans von Riexingen stood at the side of the resigned Duke Ulrich against the Swabian Confederation, but after the surrender of Tübingen and the Duke without a fight, they managed to escape again and from then on served the Austrian interim government. In 1521 Hans von Riexingen issued a feudal lapel for half of the fortress of Bromberg against Emperor Karl V "as the owner of the Principality of Württemberg".

Two Riexinger knights were chased through the spit near Weinsberg

After the outbreak of the Peasants' War , Pleikhart or Pleicker and Wiprecht von Riexingen rode in 1525 in the entourage of Count Ludwig von Helfenstein to Weinsberg to defend the town and castle. After the relief troops had surrendered to the superior force, Wiprecht and Plicker von Riexingen were " chased through the spits " by the angry rebels in the course of the Weinsberg bloody deed on April 17th with their leader Count Ludwig and other nobles .

After the deaths of Hans von Riexingen († 1552) and Georg II. Von Riexingen († 1560), there was ultimately only one heir: In 1576, Count Wolfgang von Hohenlohe and Lord von Langenburg granted his feudal husband Christoph Sützel von Mergentheim permission to purchase part of the To refute the marriage property of his wife Susanna, née von Riexingen , on property that came from him to fief. In 1586 the widow Susanna and thus the Riexinger family is mentioned for the last time.

Feudal lords and property rights

Oldest epitaph in the Frauenkirche : Friedrich Osterbrunn von Riexingen († 1394)

Originally the Lords of Riexingen were probably feudal men of the Counts of Vaihingen in Enzgau . In the late Middle Ages, the margraves of Baden were briefly named as feudal lords, and the counts of Württemberg continuously . During the Austrian interim government of Württemberg they served the Habsburgs from 1521 to 1534. From around 1480 onwards, some Riexingers were also in feudal relationships with the Counts of Hohenlohe .

Among the marriages of the Riexingers, connections with the von Sachsenheim family and several times with the von Nippenburg families are particularly frequent and sometimes borderline inbreeding . Marriages with the von Klingenberg , von Schmalegg-Winterstetten and Nothracht families were also important . Individual sons and daughters of the Riexinger family were chosen for a spiritual career. Outstanding: Abbot Albrecht von Maulbronn and Abbess Uta von Rechentshofen . In 1545 Ursula von Riexingen was a nun in Frauenalb Monastery .

In the 15th century, the Lords of Riexingen had rights and property beyond their ancestral seat. Among other goods were listed in:

At times, in addition to Riexingen Castle and possibly Dauseck Castle (on Unterriexingen), they also had the castles Bromberg in the Kirbachtal and Kleiningersheim above the Neckar valley in their hands.

literature

  • Hans-Burkhard Hess: Unterriexingen - a historical kaleidoscope. Markgröningen 1993, ISBN 3-929948-00-1 .
  • Theodor Schön: Regesten on the history of the gentlemen of Riexingen . In: Gerhard Graf Leutrum von Ertingen (ed.): The Graeflich-Leutrumsche Frauenkirche in Unter-Riexingen . Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1891. pp. 93-110.
  • Karl Eduard Paulus : Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen . Issued by the Royal Bureau of Statistics and Topography. Hallberger, Stuttgart 1856. pp. 238ff. Wikisource .
  • August Ludwig Reyscher : Memories from old and new times (1802-1880) . Edited by Karl Riecke, Mohr, Freiburg a. Tübingen 1884.
  • Petra Schad: The Frauenkirche in Unterriexingen. Parish church, pilgrimage church, cemetery church . In: Ludwigsburg history sheets . tape 59 , 2005, pp. 17-38 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Burkhard Hess: Unterriexingen - a historical kaleidoscope. Markgröningen 1993, p. 26, and WUB Volume VI, No. N10, pages 439-453 WUB online .
  2. ↑ Theodor Schön: Regesten on the history of the Lords of Riexingen . In: Gerhard Graf Leutrum von Ertingen (ed.): The Graeflich-Leutrumsche Frauenkirche zu Unter-Riexingen , Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1891, p. 93ff.
  3. ↑ Theodor Schön: Regesten on the history of the Lords of Riexingen . [...], Stuttgart 1891, p. 94.
  4. ↑ Theodor Schön: Regesten on the history of the Lords of Riexingen . [...], Stuttgart 1891, p. 94.
  5. ↑ LABW, HStA Stuttgart, A 502 U 667 LABW online .
  6. ^ LABW, General State Archives Karlsruhe, 43 No. 4059, LABW online .
  7. ↑ Theodor Schön: Regesten on the history of the Lords of Riexingen . [...] Stuttgart 1891, pp. 94-97, and for Abbess Guta (1444) LABW, StA Ludwigsburg, GL 110 Bd 115 LABW online .
  8. ↑ LABW, HStA Stgt., A 602 Nr 14238 = WR 14238 LABW online .
  9. ↑ LABW, HStA Stgt., A 602 No. 652 a = WR 652a LABW online .
  10. ↑ LABW, HStA Stgt., A 502 U 781 LABW online .
  11. ↑ LABW, HStA Stgt., A 502 U 782 LABW online .
  12. ↑ Image of the document: Wolfgang Graf von Hohenloe-Langenburg (grave von Hohenloe and Herr zu Lanngenburg) gives Christoph Sützel von Mergentheim permission to buy part of the property of his wife Susanna, née von Riexingen (Rüxingenn), on goods that he admitted Stir fiefdom, to ... ...  in the German Digital Library
  13. ↑ LABW, HStA Stuttgart, Württembergische Regesten, A 602 No. 6534 LABW Online and HStA Stuttgart, A 329 L Bü 175 LABW online .
  14. ↑ Heilbronner Urkundenbuch vol. 1, p. 269, no. 545.
  15. ↑ Regesta Imperrii, RIplus Regg. Baden 3 n.5147 RI Online .
  16. ↑ Regesta Imperrii, RIplus Regg. Baden 3 n. 6033 RI Online .
  17. ^ Karl Eduard Paulus : Description of the Oberamt Brackenheim . Published by the Royal Statistical-Topographical Bureau, Stuttgart 1873, p. 378.
  18. ^ Thomas Fricke: Baden-Württemberg State Archive - Online Finding Aids. Retrieved March 21, 2018 .
  19. ↑ The differentiation between the front and the rear castle , which is not mentioned here, could refer to a two-part Ganerbeburg or refer to another castle: Dauseck Castle , the ownership of which is unclear.
  20. ↑ Theodor Schön: Regesten on the history of the Lords of Riexingen . [...] Stuttgart 1891, p. 98.
  21. ↑ LABW, HStA Stuttgart, A 602 Nr 10333 = WR 10333 LABW online .
  22. ↑ Theodor Schön: Regesten on the history of the Lords of Riexingen . [...] Stuttgart 1891, p. 98.
  23. ^ Karl Eduard Paulus : Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen . Issued by the Royal Bureau of Statistics and Topography. Hallberger, Stuttgart 1856. p. 244 .
  24. ↑ LABW, HStA Stgt., A 602 No. 14296 = WR 14296 LABW online .
  25. ↑ HStA Stuttgart, A 602 No. 2798 = WR 2798 LABW online .
  26. ↑ Theodor Schön: Regesten on the history of the Lords of Riexingen . [...] Stuttgart 1891, p. 102.
  27. ↑ Theodor Schön: Regesten on the history of the Lords of Riexingen . [...] Stuttgart 1891, p. 102f.
  28. ↑ Theodor Schön: Regesten on the history of the Lords of Riexingen . [...] Stuttgart 1891, p. 103.
  29. ↑ 1495 registered as “Kraffto de Riegsingen”. See Heinrich Hermelink : The theological faculty in Tübingen before the Reformation 1477–1534. Stuttgart 1906, p. 108, and documents in the Hohenlohe central archive in Neuenstein, GL 5 drawer. 34 No. 31, LABW online .
  30. ↑ Theodor Schön: Regesten on the history of the Lords of Riexingen . [...] Stuttgart 1891, p. 103ff.
  31. ↑ Theodor Schön: Regesten on the history of the Lords of Riexingen . [...] Stuttgart 1891, p. 105.
  32. ↑ LABW, StA Ludwigsburg, B 250 U 488, picture of the document: Wolfgang Graf von Hohenloe-Langenburg (grave von Hohenloe and Herr zu Lanngenburg) gives Christoph Sützel von Mergentheim permission to use part of the marriage property of his wife Susanna, née von Riexingen ( Rüxingenn), on goods that come from him to fiefdom, to ...  in the German Digital Library
  33. ↑ Theodor Schön: Regesten on the history of the Lords of Riexingen . [...] Stuttgart 1891, pp. 105-107.
  34. ↑ Examples: LABW, Hohenlohe-Zentralarchiv Neuenstein, GA 20 drawer. LXIX No. 4 Steinheim, LABW online , and LABW, Hohenlohe-Zentralarchiv Neuenstein, GA 5 drawer. XLVIII No. 33, LABW online .
  35. ↑ Cf. also family table of the gentlemen of Nippenburg in: Theodor Schön (ed.): Die Gräflich Leutrumsche Frauenkirche zu Unterriexingen , Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1891, pp. 111–178.
  36. ^ LABW, Generallandesarchiv Karlsruhe, 40 No. 221, LABW online .

Web links

Commons : Herren von Riexingen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files