Free kick spray

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Use of the free kick spray: The referee marks the area where the ball must be before the free kick is taken.

The vanishing spray (also kick-Spray written) is a spray to which the referee at the football before kick marks the position of the ball and the minimum distance of the wall to the ball.

technology

The free kick spray is intended to help the referee that all players maintain the prescribed distance of 9.15 meters from the ball during free kicks. The referee marks the place where the free kick will be taken and the line that the players are not allowed to cross in the wall. The time it takes for the foam sprayed onto the lawn to disappear is between 20 seconds and two minutes, according to various reports.

The shell is made entirely from recyclable aluminum. The foam consists on average of approx. 20% butane gas , approx. 1% surfactants and approx. 2% other substances; the rest (approx. 77%) is water . The butane expands when sprayed, creating a white foam. As soon as the water content evaporates, the foam bubbles burst and the foam dissolves again. After the liquid components have evaporated, no visible residues remain. A colored spray has been announced for games on snow-covered lawns.

history

Spraying the marking in front of a wall to maintain the permitted distance to the ball

The invention of the spray can be attributed to the Argentine amateur soccer player Pablo Silva and the Brazilian Heine Allemagne. Silva is said to have got the idea during a soccer game when a wall placed three meters away prevented a hit. Around the same time, Allemagne in Brazil got the same idea while watching a game of football on television. The spray was used for the first time in 2000 at the Belo Horizonte cup competition . Three years later it became compulsory in Brazil. In 2006, Silva and Allemagne decided to work together to convince FIFA of the necessity of their product.

Initially, the spray was mainly tested in various American leagues, including the Argentine and Mexican . In 2009 it was also used at the Copa Sudamericana , and two years later at the Copa America . The 2013 U-20 World Cup was the first global tournament in which the spray was used.

The IFAB decided at its annual general meeting in March 2012 that the spray may be used by any organization that wishes to do so.

After the positive feedback from the referees at the U-17 and U-20 World Cups in 2013, FIFA made the decision to use it at the 2013 FIFA Club World Cup . In December 2013, FIFA President Sepp Blatter announced that it would also be used at the 2014 World Cup in Brazil after FIFA free-kick spray cans were made available to FIFA. For the first time, it received great attention worldwide.

The UEFA tested the spray for the first time in the U-17 European Championship 2014 . The association then decided to introduce it for the Champions League , the Europa League and qualifying for the 2016 European Championship . Some member associations also introduced the spray in the national leagues. These include Spanish, English, Italian and French. At the start of the second half of the 2014/15 Swiss Football Championship, the spray was introduced in the Super League and the Challenge League .

Due to the lack of license payments from FIFA for the use of the patented product, Inventor Allemagne went to a Brazilian court in 2017, which ruled against the world football association and is now threatened with fines of 15,000 dollars per game.

Germany

At the beginning of August 2014, the DFL announced an imminent introduction to the Bundesliga. This should take place in mid-October, before the spray was declared by TÜV Rheinland as not "marketable" after an expert opinion, because there is no label with the flame symbol for highly flammable products and it contains parabens that are suspected of being hormonally effective. After relabelling, further investigations and discussions, the spray was used for the first time on October 17, 2014 in German professional football. In the second division match between VfL Bochum and SV Darmstadt 98 of the ball and was Robert Hartmann for the first time a line with the water-butane mixture for a foul by Aytaç Sulu to Michael Gregoritsch . The next day, on October 18, 2014, it was used for the first time in the game between FC Bayern Munich and SV Werder Bremen by referee Bastian Dankert . The spray is also used in the 2nd Bundesliga, the 3rd league and since the 2nd round (October 28 and 29, 2014) also in the DFB Cup .

Reactions

Positive reactions

According to statistics from the Brazilian Football Association , since the introduction of the new rule, the number of free kick goals has increased while there have been fewer yellow cards. According to Argentine media reports, the spray is a great success. International officials such as Sepp Blatter and Pierluigi Collina (head of the UEFA Referees Committee) also gave positive feedback about the technology. The first time it was used at the 2014 World Cup was also rated positively by FIFA.

Negative reactions

First use of the spray in the English Premier League

In the context of the Club World Cup 2013, the spray was criticized by players and officials because its use delayed the execution of the free kicks. Current and former free kick specialists such as Wesley Sneijder and Mehmet Scholl described the spray as an irritation and "mental obstacle". Urs Meier noted that the referees lost their overview when they "kneeled in front of the" stars ". In order to ensure the correct execution of the free kick, the referees do not need any tools, but “personality and assertiveness”.

Another point of discussion during the 2014 World Cup was the semicircular marking of the ball position. Its purpose is to prevent the free kick taker from gaining a significant advantage by moving the ball. Slight misplacement is still allowed, however, and can cause confusion as the ball then legally lies outside the marking.

Reactions from Germany

At first, German officials were critical of the spray and rejected a possible introduction in the Bundesliga . In a statement made in 2011, Lutz Michael Fröhlich feared that the referees could "take away concentration from the actual task of assessing game processes and leading games with personality." President Wolfgang Niersbach for a use in the Bundesliga.

On the 8th Bundesliga matchday of the 2014/15 season on October 18 and 19, 2014, the spray was used for the first time in Germany following a bulk order from the German Football Association worth around 50,000 euros. Granit Xhaka from Borussia Mönchengladbach scored the first internal German free kick goal after its introduction . German football players, fans and officials mainly welcomed the new feature, not least because in the first half of the 2014/15 season the goal success rate after a free kick was above average compared to previous years.

“The spray is a great help for standard shooters because the wall is no longer allowed to move towards the shooter and has to maintain the distance. This means that I can now fully concentrate on the execution. Before that, after the referee's counting, the wall came two or three meters towards the shooter. "

- Hakan Çalhanoğlu

Media processing

On July 8, 2014, the day of the first semi-final at the 2014 World Cup , Google showed a doodle in many countries that humorously deals with the subject of free-kick spray.

The free kick spray is used for the first time in a sports simulation in the computer game FIFA 16 .

Web links

Commons : Free Kick Spray  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Free kick spray  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ^ "Free-kick spray" used for the first time in a FIFA competition. fifa.com, June 21, 2013, accessed June 30, 2013 .
  2. ↑ Patent US20120148741 : Foaming composition for creating indications for a limited duration of time. Published on June 14, 2012 , inventor: Pablo C. Silva. ‌
  3. ↑ a b c "My spray changes football" , zeit.de, October 8, 2014, accessed on October 20, 2014.
  4. ↑ A spray for the free kick wall. t-online.de, August 23, 2009, accessed June 30, 2013 .
  5. ↑ "Largely positive experiences with the use of" free kick spray "in FIFA competitions" , fifa.com, November 20, 2013, accessed on December 20, 2013.
  6. ↑ a b Blatter introduces annoying free-kick spray at WM , welt.de, December 19, 2013, accessed on December 20, 2013.
  7. ↑ Free- kick spray permitted in UEFA competitions. uefa.com, August 8, 2014, accessed August 8, 2014 .
  8. ↑ a b Free kick spray comes in October. In: dfb.de. Deutscher Fußball-Bund eV , September 1, 2014, accessed on September 1, 2014 .
  9. ↑ Free kick spray in Switzerland: There is also spraying in the Super League. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . January 6, 2015, accessed July 22, 2017 .
  10. ↑ Jürgen Kalwa: Fifa has the free kick spray used, but does not want to pay any license for its use , Neue Zürcher Zeitung, December 22, 2017, accessed on December 22, 2017.
  11. ↑ First game day without free kick spray. ARD , August 12, 2014, archived from the original on June 4, 2015 ; accessed on August 11, 2014 .
  12. ↑ Free- kick spray is not permitted ( Memento from September 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) , tagesschau.de, September 26, 2014, accessed on September 26, 2014.
  13. ↑ Hartmann writes history. In: Kicker Online . October 17, 2014, accessed July 22, 2017 .
  14. ↑ a b c Sprayer of the day: Bastian Dankert (referee) , welt.de, October 19, 2014, accessed on October 19, 2014.
  15. ↑ Germany's soccer players are now linientreu , welt.de, October 17, 2014, accessed on October 17, 2014.
  16. ↑ Sascha Rhyner: Blatter thinks free kick spray is a great thing. Basler Zeitung, October 29, 2009, accessed June 30, 2013 .
  17. ↑ Referee spray also in the Champions League. bild.de, June 18, 2014, accessed July 10, 2014 .
  18. ↑ Massimo Busacca: Referee report in 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil Technical Report and Statistics (pdf) , Zurich 2014
  19. ↑ Pros and cons of free kick spray. Wahretabelle.de, July 20, 2014, accessed on July 10, 2014 .
  20. ↑ Urs Meier: “Nonsense! The Bundesliga doesn't need a free kick spray ”. focus.de, June 29, 2014, accessed on August 13, 2014 .
  21. ↑ Patrizia Pullano: Free- kick spray: Shaving foam on the football field. wz-newsline.de, July 19, 2011, accessed June 30, 2013 .
  22. ↑ Lars Wallrodt: Niersbach wants free kick spray for the Bundesliga. welt.de, June 28, 2014, accessed July 10, 2014 .
  23. ↑ The Xhaka hammer prepares the free-kick goal , bild.de, October 19, 2014, accessed on October 19, 2014.
  24. ↑ Free- kick spray in the Bundesliga: Erste Sahne , spiegel.de, October 18, 2014, accessed on October 19, 2014.
  25. ↑ Spray gives us more league goals , bild.de, January 4, 2015, accessed on May 1, 2015.
  26. ↑ World Cup 2014 # 54. In: www.google.com. Retrieved June 16, 2016 .
  27. ↑ Robin Schulz: FIFA 16: All new features and first game impressions, esport.kicker.de, June 16, 2015, accessed on September 10, 2015.