Frieda (Meinhard)
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Frieda
Community Meinhard
Coordinates: 51 ° 11 ′ 24 ″ N , 10 ° 7 ′ 36 ″ E
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| Height : | 170 (163–230) m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 5.62 km² |
| Residents : | 727 (Sep. 2014) |
| Population density : | 129 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | December 31, 1971 |
| Postal code : | 37276 |
| Area code : | 05651 |
Frieda is the easternmost part of the municipality of Meinhard in the Werra-Meißner district in northern Hesse .
Geographical location
Frieda is located in the lower Werra valley , about halfway between the towns of Eschwege and Wanfried . In the vicinity of the village, the Eichenberg and the neighboring Auesche Kugel (northernmost branch of the Schlierbachswald ) form a narrow point measuring almost 800 m, which forces a change in the direction of the Werra's flow to the southwest. Coming from the north, the Frieda river forces its way through a narrow breakthrough valley between the Eichenberg and its western neighbor, the spur-like Kahlenberg , to flow into the Werra on the southern edge of the Frieda location. These wooded mountains rise steeply and ruggedly 100 to 150 m above the valley floor.
Neighboring towns are Schwebda , which also belongs to the Meinhard community, and Wanfried and Aue , both of which belong to the city of Wanfried. The federal road 249 and the state road 3467 meet in the village. Since 2015 , the federal road no longer runs through the town, but rather via a bypass road .
history
According to a legend deeply rooted in the people , when Saint Boniface was evangelizing in the Werra Valley, looking from the neighboring Hülfensberg, he said: “When will peace finally float over this beautiful meadow” . The names of today's places Wanfried , Frieda, Schwebda and Aue can be derived from this by folk etymology . A mural on a house in the through-town of Wanfried-Aue illustrates this story.
The first written mention of Frieda can be found in a document from Emperor Otto II , who left the royal court in Eschwege and other settlements in the vicinity of his wife Theophanu as Wittum . Around 1358 the Lords of Boyneburg acquired the village of Frieda from the Hessian landgrave . Since 1583 it belonged to the Hessian office Eschwege .
At the beginning of 1464, the Werra flooded a century and caused great damage. During a visitation in Frieda in 1585, 68 households were recorded. During the Thirty Years' War Frieda was plundered and raided several times, and the plague raged among the residents as early as 1623. During the Seven Years' War , Frieda was squeezed out for months by billeting French and Austrian troops. Four Frieda citizens, mercenaries in a Hessian regiment, fought on the side of the British in the American War of Independence ; they did not return.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, several generations of the Schmerbach family of organ builders worked in Frieda; they created numerous organs in northern Hesse, Thuringia and the Eichsfeld .
Due to structural damage, the half-timbered church had to be demolished down to its foundation walls in 1860. The new building was built on the same site and was consecrated on November 23, 1862.
In the Franco-German War also fought 25 men from Frieda. For strategic military reasons, a strategic railway line - the so-called cannon railway - was built across the Eichsfeld . This also ran north of Frieda, for this a tunnel (the Friedatunnel ) and a viaduct over the Frieda were required. Today the Kanonenbahn-Radweg runs along the disused railway line over several viaducts and through five tunnels to Dingelstädt .
Around 1880 the place was still largely agricultural, there were three mills, a school house and an inn. Several residents went about the stick-making trade . In 1888, the Friedola company began to be built , initially a factory for oilcloths and coated tarpaulins.
On December 31, 1971, the previously independent municipality of Frieda was incorporated into the new municipality of Meinhard as part of the regional reform in Hesse .
Population development
| Population development of Frieda from 1834 to 1974 | |||||||||||||
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| year | Residents | year | Residents | year | Residents | year | Residents | year | Residents | ||||
| 1834 | 759 | 1871 | 773 | 1910 | 757 | 1956 | 1011 | ||||||
| 1840 | 806 | 1875 | 826 | 1925 | 734 | 1961 | 974 | ||||||
| 1846 | 846 | 1885 | 769 | 1939 | 801 | 1967 | 1063 | ||||||
| 1852 | 779 | 1895 | 754 | 1946 | 1021 | 1970 | 1128 | ||||||
| 1864 | 796 | 1905 | 788 | 1950 | 1104 | 1974 | 1154 | ||||||
politics
The mayor is Christiangenau ( SPD ).
Attractions
Frieda is one of the picturesque half-timbered villages in the Werra Valley. Listed buildings are grouped around the village green and form the historic town center. The church , consecrated in 1862, replaces a half-timbered church that was only removed in 1860 because of dilapidation. The present church was damaged in World War II, the bells were rediscovered in a storage yard in the 1960s and brought home. In the vicinity of Frieda you can find numerous natural beauties and viewpoints.
societies
In view of numerous fire disasters in surrounding communities, the Friedaer founded their volunteer fire brigade in 1874 ; it was registered on July 5, 1874 as a fire extinguishing and rescue company. In Frieda itself, the recurring flood events have to be warded off. On March 14, 1929, a major fire destroyed the wool yarn spinning mill on the outskirts and threatened to spread to the local situation, which could be prevented after strenuous extinguishing work.
On September 1, 1901, 29 Frieda citizens founded the Harmonie men's choir; in 1922 there were already 77 citizens in the association, which had already been converted into a mixed choir in 1910.
Around 1930 the need arose to set up an own marching band. It should be used in the organization of club celebrations and family celebrations or anniversaries. After the war, the minstrel train was rebuilt in 1949; it was especially accepted by the youth.
With the support of Eschweger comrades, the Friedaer gymnastics and sports club was founded as a workers' club in March 1910. In 1923 the football department was founded. The Frieda-Schwebda-Aue syndicate was established as a team as early as 1948 in order to be able to participate successfully in regular gaming operations. At the same time, teams for fistball, table tennis, women's handball, a gymnastics team and gymnastics group were created.
In order to maintain the townscape and to research the local history, 16 residents founded the Heimatverein Frieda in 1960, which also played a major role in the preparation of the 1000th anniversary celebration in 1974.
Economy and Infrastructure
The largest employer in town is the family business Friedola Gebr. Holzapfel GmbH, founded in 1888 . It specializes in the production of technical textiles and related consumer goods (oilcloth articles, tablecloths, toys, sports and camping articles) as well as interior textiles and floor coverings. For the businessman and entrepreneur Johann Gustav Holzapfel , who was born in Eschwege , the pot mill , which was auctioned in Frieda in 1888 , formed the basis of his production of coated tarpaulins and fabrics. In the 1920s the technical equipment for the production of artificial leather was procured, after the war the technical plastics and foils revolutionized the product range. Friedola filed for bankruptcy in December 2015.
Personalities
Heinz Fromm (* 1948), former President of the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution .
literature
- Festival Committee (Ed.): 1000 Years Frieda (974–1974) . Wanfried 1974, p. 186 .
- Literature about Frieda in the Hessian Bibliography
Web links
- Frieda district on the Meinhard community's website
- Frieda, Werra-Meißner district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
Individual evidence
- ^ Frieda, Werra-Meißner district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of January 25, 2016). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ↑ Population figures of the districts in the 2015 budget of the municipality of Meinhard. (PDF) preliminary report p. 2; accessed in February 2016
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 388 .
- ↑ Data source Ortschronik 1000 years Frieda
- ^ The local advisory councils of the Meinhard community. Meinhard community, accessed on November 26, 2016 .
- ↑ Company portrait. Friedola GmbH, accessed on January 3, 2010 .
- ↑ Bankruptcy for the manufacturer of the armbands in orange. In: Hessische / Niedersächsische Allgemeine . December 23, 2015, accessed December 23, 2015 .
