Office Eschwege

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Eschwege office was a territorial administrative unit of the Landgraviate of Hesse , from 1567 of the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel and from 1803 of the Electorate of Hesse . From 1627 to 1632 it belonged to the landgrave branch line of Hessen-Rotenburg , the so-called "Rotenburger Quart". After that it belonged to the Hessen-Eschwege branch line until 1655 and when it died out fell to the Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg line. In 1667 the Eschwege office was assigned to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Wanfried . After their extinction, the office fell back to Hessen-Rotenburg in 1755. State sovereignty over the office was always held by the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel.

Until the administrative and territorial reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821 and the related resolution made it as official spatial reference point for claiming nationalistic taxes and labor services , for police , judiciary and military service .

Geographical location

The area of ​​the Eschwege district was in the Werra valley between the Eichsfeld in the north, the Hohe Meißner in the west and the Schlierbachswald in the east. The Wehre and Frieda rivers flow into the Werra in the official area. The official area is now in the northeast of the state of Hesse and belongs to the Werra-Meißner district .

Adjacent administrative units

The territory of the office bordered:

history

Since 1433, the city of Eschwege belonged to the Landgraviate of Hesse and, following the division of the Landgraviate of Hesse, from 1567 to the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel . In 1585, the "Eschwege Office" included the courts of Abterode, Germerode, Boyneburg, ten noble towns and three individual courtyards in addition to Eschwege and two official villages. The Amtsort Grebendorf was after the secularization of the monastery Haydau completely Hesse in 1527, Frieda came in 1583 from kurmainzischen Eichsfeld through exchange of Hesse. Before 1585, Völkershausen belonged to the Hessian Wanfried Office . The districts of the Abterode and Germerode monasteries originally belonged to the Bilstein dominion . They came to the Landgraviate of Hesse through purchase in 1301 and were continued as lordly courts after the secularization of the monasteries in 1527.

From 1627 the Eschwege office belonged to the domain of the partly sovereign Landgraviate of Hessen-Rotenburg (Rotenburger Quart) and from 1632 to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Eschwege (also Rotenburger Quart). However, Hessen-Kassel retained sovereignty in both principalities. In 1654, in the vicinity of the Eschwege district, the landgrave's office in Bischhausen was established from villages belonging to the Lords of Boyneburg and from so-called "mound villages" in which the Lords of Boyneburg and the Landgraviate of Hesse owned. The Boyneburg court, however, remained as a semi-autonomous area, the Eschwege office remained responsible for the subjects within the Boyneburg court who were directly subordinate to the landgrave. In 1655 the now reduced Eschwege office fell to the partially sovereign Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg line after the Hessen-Eschwege line died out . The residential palace in Eschwege in Eschwege was pledged in 1667 as a dowry for Friedrich's daughter Christina to the family of her husband Ferdinand Albrecht I von Braunschweig-Bevern . From 1667, the Eschweg part of the country was taken over by Karl von Hessen-Wanfried , a son of Landgrave Ernst von Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg and nephew of Friedrich von Hessen-Eschwege. He founded the new branch line Hessen-Wanfried . In the period that followed, the residence was gradually moved back to Eschwege. The Landgraviates of Hessen-Wanfried and Hessen-Eschwege were geographically identical at this time, but were predominantly governed by the residence in Wanfried. The Hessen-Wanfried- (Eschwege) line died out with the death of the childless Landgrave Christian, as a result of which the Eschwege office fell back to Hessen-Rotenburg.

During the French occupation, the area belonged to the Napoleonic Kingdom of Westphalia from 1807 to 1813 and was divided along the Werra. The places located orographically to the left of the Werra came to the Eschwege district of the Werra department . The district capital Eschwege formed its own canton Eschwege , the other places came to the cantons of Aue , Bischhausen , Reichensachsen , Sooden and Abterode . The places located orographically to the right of the Werra were assigned to the Heiligenstadt district in the Harz department and assigned to the cantons of Wanfried and Allendorf .

After the dissolution of the Kingdom of Westphalia in 1813, the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel, now known as the Electorate of Hesse , was restored with its previous administrative structure. In 1818 Netra, which had previously belonged to the Bischhausen office, became a court seat in the Eschwege office. The Hessian Office Eschwege within the Landgraviate of Hessen-Rotenburg existed until 1821 and was then assigned to the Eschwege district in the course of the Hessian administrative reform .

Associated places

Cities
Official Villages
Villages of the Abterode court (part of the Bilstein court)
Villages of the Germerode court
Villages of the Boyneburg Court (1654 all to the office of Bischhausen)
Noble places
Castles, palaces and monasteries
Yards
  • Oberndorf
  • Mönchhof near Alberode
  • Vogelsburg (until 1654)
Desolation

Individual evidence

  1. ^ "Frieda, Werra-Meißner-Kreis". Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ^ "Vogelsburg, Werra-Meißner district". Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  3. ^ "Bettelsdorf, Werra-Meißner district". Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).

Web links