Office Lichtenau (Hesse)

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The Reichenbach office, called Amt Lichtenau from 1490 , was a territorial administrative unit of the Landgraviate of Hesse and, from 1567, the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel .

Until the administrative and territorial reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821 and the associated dissolution, the Lichtenau office formed the spatial reference point for the demand for sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , jurisdiction and army successes .

Geographical location

The office of Lichtenau was in the north of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel between the Kaufunger Wald in the north, the Hohe Meißner in the east and the Stölzinger Gebirge in the south and the Söhrewald in the west. The valley basin of the Fulda-Werra mountainous region surrounded by these mountain ranges is called the Hessisch-Lichtenau Basin and is divided in two by the watershed between Fulda and Werra in a south-north direction. While the western official locations with Lichtenau lie on the Fulda tributary Losse , which flows from southeast to northwest , the eastern locations are traversed by the weirs that pass the basin from north to south and flow over the Waldkappeler Wehretal to the southeast of the Werra.

The majority of the former official area is now in the northeast of the state of Hesse and belongs to the Werra-Meißner district . Only the northwestern towns of St. Ottilien and Eschenstruth are in the Kassel district today .

Adjacent administrative units

The territory of the office bordered:

history

Reichenbach Castle and Office

The castle Reichenbach was built in the mid-11th century. At that time it was owned by a branch of the Counts Gozmar , who called themselves Counts of Reichenbach from 1089 (see also the list of the Counts of Reichenbach's family members ). In 1185 Reichenbach Castle came into the possession of the Ludowingian Landgraves of Thuringia through marriage . After the Ludowingers died out, the troops of Sophie von Brabant conquered Reichenbach Castle for their son Heinrich , who later became the first Landgrave of Hesse, in the Thuringian-Hessian War of Succession in 1249 . In the following years the castle belonged to the Landgraviate of Hesse. The Landgrave-Hessian "Amt Reichenbach" has been recorded at least since 1315. During this time the castle was used by the landgraves as a hunting lodge. Around 1454 the Reichenbach office comprised 29 places, of which twelve were later mentioned as desolate.

Reichenbach Castle remained the administrative center until 1490. The castle fell into disrepair after the official and court headquarters were moved to Lichtenau and was destroyed in 1550.

Lichtenau office

The city of Lichtenau, which in 1490 became the seat of what is now the "Lichtenau District", was founded in 1289 by Landgrave Heinrich von Hessen at the intersection of two trade routes in the area of ​​six settlements. It immediately received city ​​rights and its own jurisdiction. As of 1383, the city of Lichtenau is documented as belonging to the Reichenbach office, and in 1454 it is referred to as the “suburb” (court seat) of the Reichenbach office. In 1530 the Lichtenau districts of Dinkelberg , Vockerode and Weidelbach came to the Spangenberg office in exchange for Quentel .

After the death of Landgrave Philip I of Hesse, the Landgraviate of Hesse was divided into an inheritance in 1567. Philip's eldest son, Wilhelm IV , received about half of the territory including the capital Kassel with the Landgraviate of Hessen- Kassel . The Lichtenau office came to this area. In 1575/85 the places Epterode (no longer part of the office around 1747) and the court Harmuthsachsen with the castle and the place Harmuthsachsen and the place Küchen were added to the office Lichtenau. The town of St. Ottilien was created in 1699 by the arrival of eleven French Huguenot families from the Dauphiné and Vivarais . The place Friedrichsbrück was created in 1777 at the instigation of the city of Lichtenau, which settled Huguenots from Upper Hesse and Nassau-Weilburg on its property.

In 1803 the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel was made elector . During the French occupation, the official area belonged to the Napoleonic Kingdom of Westphalia from 1807 to 1813 and was divided as follows:

Division of the Lichtenau district during the French occupation
department District Canton Associated localities
Department of the Werra Eschwege Canton of Lichtenau City of Lichtenau, Friedrichsbrück, Fürstenhagen, Rommerode, Laudenbach, Velmeden, Hausen, Steinholz, Walburg, Hambach, Retterode, Bransrode (at times desert), Hopfelde, Glimmerode, Hollstein, Reichenbach, Wickersrode
Department of the Werra Eschwege Bischhausen Harmuthsachsen with Wollstein (Gut), Hasselbach, kitchens
Department of the Fulda kassel Kaufungen Eschenstruth, Quentel, St. Ottilien

After the dissolution of the Kingdom of Westphalia in 1813, the Electorate of Hesse was re-established with its previous administrative structure. The Kurhessische Amt Lichtenau existed until 1821 and was then assigned to the district of Witzenhausen in the course of the Kurhessischen administrative reform .

Associated places

Cities
Villages
Villages that were only part of the Lichtenau district
Castles and Palaces
Yards and goods
  • Wollstein
  • Glimmerode (near Hopfelde)
  • Hambach (near Walburg), former castle
  • Stone wood (near Rommerode)
Desolation
  • near Reichenbach Castle: Deinebach, Eppenrode, Gerolderode and Schlicher, Habichsgeren, Lindau, Mesche, Suckenrode, Ober- and Nieder-Weißbach and Breitenrode
  • in the urban area of ​​Lichtenau: Vortriden, Siegershausen, Kamphis, Herzelshagen, Hönrode and Boppenhagen
  • near Harmuthsachsen: Ailstech
  • near Hasselbach: Geisenrod, Steinbach, Ichendorf
  • near Hausen: Steinbach
  • at kitchens: Weissner, Welbach, Geisenroder
  • near Retterode: Haukerode, Walbach, Oberndorf
  • near Walburg: Rechfeld, Siegershausen and Weningenrode
  • at Wollstein: Vorderwolfstein, Hinterwolfstein
  • am Hohen Meißner: Bransrode

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Office Lichtenau. Search in the "Historical Ortlexikon für Hessen". (As of March 2019). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ^ Hessisch Lichtenau. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of November 11, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on September 14, 2015 .
  3. ↑ St. Ottilien. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of February 26, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on September 14, 2015 .
  4. ↑ Friedrichsbrück. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of February 26, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on September 14, 2015 .
  5. ↑ Glimmerode (good). Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of January 22, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on September 14, 2015 .
  6. ↑ Hambach. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of January 22, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on September 14, 2015 .
  7. ^ Entry on Wasserburg Hambach in the private database "Alle Burgen".
  8. ↑ Stone wood. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of January 22, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on September 14, 2015 .
  9. ↑ Steinbach. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of March 28, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on September 14, 2015 .
  10. ↑ Vorderwolfstein. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of February 17, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on September 14, 2015 .
  11. ↑ Hinterwolfstein. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of February 17, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on September 14, 2015 .
  12. ↑ Bransrode. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of January 22, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on September 14, 2015 .

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