Friedrich of Hessen-Darmstadt (1759–1802)

Friedrich of Hessen-Darmstadt (1776)

Friedrich Ludwig von Hessen-Darmstadt (born June 10, 1759 in Buchsweiler ; † March 11, 1802 in Darmstadt ) was a prince of the ruling house of Hesse-Darmstadt and a royal French officer , most recently with the rank of maréchal de camp .

Life

origin

His parents were Landgrave Ludwig IX. von Hessen-Darmstadt (1719–1790) and Henriette Karoline (1721–1774), daughter of the Count Palatine and Duke Christian III. from Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld . He was a brother of Grand Duke Ludwig I of Hesse and the Rhine .

His sister Friederike Luise von Hessen-Darmstadt had been married to Friedrich Wilhelm von Prussia since 1769 , who succeeded his uncle Friedrich the Great as king in 1786 . The sister Wilhelmine von Hessen-Darmstadt married Grand Duke Paul , the future Russian Emperor, in 1773 and was thus the daughter-in-law of Catherine the Great . But she died in 1776.

Training and work

Friedrich and his younger brother Christian von Hessen-Darmstadt were taught by Georg Wilhelm Petersen from 1770 . Prince educator and court master of the two Hessian princes was Lieutenant Colonel Johann Franz von Zyllnhardt († 1807), who was then Oberhofmarschall at the Darmstadt court from 1790 to 1800 . From March 1775, a year after their mother's death, the young princes began studying in Strasbourg . In November 1781, Prince Friedrich stayed with his brother Christian with their sister Luise , the wife of the Weimar Duke Karl August , at their court in Weimar . In the royal French military, Friedrich became colonel and commander of the Royal Hesse-Darmstadt infantry regiment . In 1791 he was appointed Maréchal de camp in France. Around 1791 he also dealt with the history of the Templar Order and therefore researched incognito in the university library in Göttingen . He exchanged ideas with the then government councilor, who later became Minister of State for Hessen-Darmstadt, Friedrich August von Lichtenberg . Like some other members of his family, Prince Friedrich was a Freemason .

Friedrich von Hessen-Darmstadt (between 1776 and 1799)

Between 1793 and 1799 the prince took Johann Michael Petzinger, born in Pirmasens in 1763 and stationed there as a Hessian soldier, into his service to paint for him, mainly pictures of the Pirmasens military. During this time, Prince Friedrich's older brother Ludwig, the sovereign of Hesse-Darmstadt, must have become aware of Petzinger's art of painting, because after Friedrich's death he took over the artist in his service as court painter in 1802 .

The Hessian prince died as a result of a protracted illness. This began new court mourning at the Darmstadt court, just as that for Hereditary Prince Karl Ludwig von Baden , the husband of Friedrich's sister Amalie , was about to end, as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe noted. The prince was buried in the old cemetery in Darmstadt.

Awards

1773 Knight of the Order of St. John

1785 Knight of the Order of St. Hubertus

family

His partner was Catharina Wenedick (* around 1777) from Darmstadt, daughter of Andreas Wenedick, rider of the princely Hessian bodyguard on horseback. After Prince Friedrich's death, she married the Hessian lackey Justus Binding on July 18, 1805 in Darmstadt .

Prince Friedrich's and Catharina's children were not given the nobility , as would have been the norm in a morganatic marriage , but they were given the patronymic family name Friedrich , which identified the prince as their father.

The daughter Lisette Thimotee Friedrich (born January 24, 1799) married in Karlsruhe on January 24, 1825 a Grand Ducal Premier Lieutenant of Baden .

The son Friedrich Friedrich (* around 1800) became a non-commissioned officer in the Baden artillery in Karlsruhe.

Prince Friedrich's contemporary Friedrich Georg August von Hessen-Darmstadt (1759–1808) was his cousin.

ancestors

Ernst Ludwig Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (1667–1739)

Ludwig VIII Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (1691–1768)

Dorothea Charlotte of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1661–1705)

Louis IX Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (1719–1790)

Johann Reinhard III. von Hanau (1665–1736)

Charlotte von Hanau-Lichtenberg (1700–1726)

Dorothea Friederike of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1676–1731)

Friedrich of Hessen-Darmstadt

Christian II of Pfalz-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld (1637–1717)

Christian III of Pfalz-Zweibrücken (1674–1735)

Katharina Agathe von Rappoltstein (1648–1683)

Caroline of Pfalz-Zweibrücken (1721–1774)

Ludwig Kraft of Nassau-Saarbrücken (1663–1713)

Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrücken (1704–1774)

Philippine Henriette zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1679–1751)

literature

Carl Knetsch : The Brabant House. Genealogy of the Dukes of Brabant and the Landgraves of Hesse. Part 2: The descendants of Philip the Magnanimous. Publishing house of the Historical Association for the Grand Duchy of Hesse, Darmstadt 1918, p. 329 f. ( Digitized version ).

Web links

Hessen-Darmstadt, Friedrich Ludwig Prince of. Hessian biography. (As of February 10, 2020). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).

Individual evidence

↑ Claudia Kollbach: Growing up at the farm. Enlightenment and princely education in Hesse and Baden (= campus historical studies. 48). Campus, Frankfurt am Main et al. 2009, ISBN 978-3-593-38884-7 , p. 428 .
^ Johann Heinrich Merck : Correspondence. Volume 1. Edited by Ulrike Leuschner. Wallstein, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-8353-0105-4 , p. 631 .
^ Robert Seidel : Literary Communication in the Territorial State. Functional relationships in the literature business in Hessen-Darmstadt at the time of the late Enlightenment (= early modern times. 83). Niemeyer, Tübingen 2003, ISBN 3-484-36583-8 , p. 400 , (at the same time: Heidelberg, University, habilitation paper).
^ Johann Heinrich Merck: Correspondence. Volume 1. Edited by Ulrike Leuschner. Wallstein, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-8353-0105-4 , p. 18 .
^ Johann Heinrich Merck: Correspondence. Volume 1. Edited by Ulrike Leuschner. Wallstein, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-8353-0105-4 , p. 524 .
^ Lichtenberg, Friedrich August Freiherr von. Hessian biography. (As of December 14, 2016). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
^ Georg Christoph Lichtenberg : Correspondence. Volume 3: 1785-1792. Edited by Ulrich Joost and Albrecht Schöne . Beck, Munich 1990, ISBN 3-406-30958-5 , p. 989 .
↑ Robert Minder: Freemason Politician Lexicon. From Salvador Allende to Saad Zaghlul Pascha. (= Edition on the rough stone. 8). Studienverlag, Innsbruck 2004, ISBN 3-7065-1909-7 , ( online ).
^ Petzinger, Johann Michael. In: Hessian biography. (As of May 7, 2013).
^ Ralph Martin Wilhelm: Johann Michael Petzinger . 2013.
^ Regest edition "Letters to Goethe". Registration number: 4/146 .
^ Friedrich von Hessen-Darmstadt . On www.findagrave.com.
↑ Catharina Wenedick . At www.thekingealogy.com.
^ Hesse-Darmstadt, Friedrich Ludwig Prince of. Hessian biography. (As of November 14, 2016). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).

personal data
SURNAME	Friedrich of Hessen-Darmstadt
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Friedrich Ludwig of Hessen-Darmstadt
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
DATE OF BIRTH	June 10, 1759
PLACE OF BIRTH	Buchsweiler
DATE OF DEATH	March 11, 1802
Place of death	Darmstadt

[1] Claudia Kollbach: Growing up at the farm. Enlightenment and princely education in Hesse and Baden (= campus historical studies. 48). Campus, Frankfurt am Main et al. 2009, ISBN 978-3-593-38884-7 , p. 428 .

[2] Johann Heinrich Merck : Correspondence. Volume 1. Edited by Ulrike Leuschner. Wallstein, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-8353-0105-4 , p. 631 .

[3] Robert Seidel : Literary Communication in the Territorial State. Functional relationships in the literature business in Hessen-Darmstadt at the time of the late Enlightenment (= early modern times. 83). Niemeyer, Tübingen 2003, ISBN 3-484-36583-8 , p. 400 , (at the same time: Heidelberg, University, habilitation paper).

[4] Johann Heinrich Merck: Correspondence. Volume 1. Edited by Ulrike Leuschner. Wallstein, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-8353-0105-4 , p. 18 .

[5] Johann Heinrich Merck: Correspondence. Volume 1. Edited by Ulrike Leuschner. Wallstein, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-8353-0105-4 , p. 524 .

[6] Lichtenberg, Friedrich August Freiherr von. Hessian biography. (As of December 14, 2016). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).

[7] Georg Christoph Lichtenberg : Correspondence. Volume 3: 1785-1792. Edited by Ulrich Joost and Albrecht Schöne . Beck, Munich 1990, ISBN 3-406-30958-5 , p. 989 .

[8] Robert Minder: Freemason Politician Lexicon. From Salvador Allende to Saad Zaghlul Pascha. (= Edition on the rough stone. 8). Studienverlag, Innsbruck 2004, ISBN 3-7065-1909-7 , ( online ).

[9] Petzinger, Johann Michael. In: Hessian biography. (As of May 7, 2013).

[10] Ralph Martin Wilhelm: Johann Michael Petzinger . 2013.

[11] Regest edition "Letters to Goethe". Registration number: 4/146 .

[12] Friedrich von Hessen-Darmstadt . On www.findagrave.com.

[13] Catharina Wenedick . At www.thekingealogy.com.

[14] Hesse-Darmstadt, Friedrich Ludwig Prince of. Hessian biography. (As of November 14, 2016). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).