Fuchs from Fuchsberg

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Fuchs von Fuchsberg - barons

The Fuchs von Fuchsberg were a knightly Tyrolean noble family with the Fuchsberg parent company in St. Pauls - Eppan , which was later also located in Bavaria and Austria . The sex was raised to the barons' status in 1602 and counts in 1633 . It went out in 1828.

The family should not be confused with other genders of the name Fuchs, such as B. the Franconian fox from Bimbach .

history

The family of the Fuchs von Fuchsberg first appeared in documents in 1267. The ancestral seat is the castle Fuchsberg near Unterrain in St. Pauls - Eppan , first mentioned in 1257 , which was in their allodial possession . The castle was abandoned early in favor of other castles, but remained in their possession until the family died out in 1828. On the steeply sloping moraine hill southeast of the Missian church , only small remains of the walls of Fuchsberg Castle are preserved.

The ancestry of the Fuchs is traced back to the ministerials of the Counts of Eppan , partly to the Lords of Greinsberg (on the Greinsburg in Eppan) and Altenburg, who have been known since 1195, and partly to the Lords of Girlan , Truchsessen of Count Ulrich II. Of Eppan- Ulten, possibly related to the former.

The sex was later divided into three lines: the Jaufenburg line, the Lebenberger line and the Freudensteiner line. From around 1400 to 1551, Messrs. Fuchs von Fuchsberg were also caretakers and pledges of the Altenburg lordship and several times for Hocheppan Castle and its patrimonial court (1478 / 1494–1550, 1612–1668 and 1715–1828). The residence of St. Valentin in Eppan-Berg was in their fiefdom from 1486 until the family died out in 1828. From 1426 they owned half of the Tschenglsburg in Vinschgau, and from 1764 to 1817 all of them , and at times also the neighboring Tschenglsberg Castle .

Jaufenburg

Tower of the Jaufenburg in the Passeier Valley

After the lords of Passeier died out in 1418 with the male line of knight Hildebrand, their property with the Jaufenburg above St. Leonhard in Passeier was passed to the Fuchs von Fuchsberg. Hildebrand von Passeier's daughter Barbara had already married Christoph Fuchs von Fuchsberg around 1382, so that after the death of her father, the castle fell to her husband's family. Many contemporary sources prove that the owners of the Jaufenburg in South Tyrol were very powerful and rich for a long time. For example, Degen I. von Jaufenburg was Governor of Tyrol . The lords of the Jaufenburg were always court lords in the Passeier Valley. However, they often pawned this, which resulted in disputes with the valley population, who rose up against their rule in 1683 and started legal proceedings in 1729. In 1745 the Counts Fuchs had to give up the Passeier judicial authority. Until the death of Carl Fuchs, the population fared relatively well and the church institutions in the Passeiertal in particular received many donations and donations. This also explains the burial place of the Fuchs von Fuchsberg directly below the altar of the parish church of St. Leonhard in Passeier.

In 1749 the Jaufenburg line died out with Sebastian Franz Fuchs and the Jaufenburg fell into the possession of the Lebenberg line. In the middle of the 18th century the Fuchs von Fuchsberg family had to leave the castle complex due to financial difficulties, but they still owned it until it died out. Today only the keep remains of her.

Lebenberg

Lebenberg Castle , Tscherms

In 1426 the son of Christoph Fuchs von Fuchsberg and Barbara von Passeier, Wolfgang, married the heiress Dorothea von Lebenberg. As a result, Lebenberg Castle and the extensive holdings of the Lebenbergers in Marling came to the family. In Lebenberg, she made many structural changes and extensions to the facility.

The Lebenberg line of the Fuchs von Fuchsberg family was the last to die out in 1828 with Count Johann, whose tombstone is at the parish church of Marling. The fiefdoms in Eppan (Hocheppan Castle and the residence St. Valentin) fell back to the princely chamber, the allodial property in Lebenberg, Jaufenburg as well as real estate and rights in the Marling, Tscherms, Ulten and Tisens area to his widow Maria Anna, née Countess von Mohr . After her death in 1832, her heirs sold the extensive Fuchsian family property in several auctions from 1833 to 1836.

Freudenstein

Freudenstein Castle , Eppan

From the 15th century at the latest, Freudenstein Castle in Eppan also belonged to the Fuchs von Fuchsberg. At the end of the 16th century they expanded the complex, which originally consisted of two small castles, into an extensive palace. The Korb Castle belonged to them from 1471 to 1550. The Freudensteiner line of Fuchs von Fuchsberg existed until 1550, the Freudenstein Castle was auctioned in 1716.

Personalities

At the end of the 15th and beginning of the 16th centuries, the family's reputation reached its peak. At this time, the lines' three headquarters were also expanded and expanded.

One of the most famous members of the family was Christoph Fuchs von Fuchsberg (1482–1542), who made a name for himself as a military and imperial council and later became Bishop of Brixen . He was the son of the imperial council and captain von Kufstein Degen Fuchs von Fuchsberg and Eva von Frundsberg, a sister of the field captain Georg von Frundsberg . In his capacity as captain of Kufstein, the father issued the " Fuchsbrief " on behalf of Emperor Maximilian I in 1506 , which laid down the state and tax law of the Berchtesgaden abbey in writing. The Berchtesgaden peasantry had filed a complaint against the provost Balthasar Hirschauer because of excessively high taxes . For the state of Berchtesgaden, the “Fuchsbrief” had the character of a first legally binding, written contract between the rulers and the “landscape”. A wood lathe , a gift from the swords of the Younger Fuchs von Fuchsberg to Maximilian I in 1518, is now kept at Kreuzenstein Castle . It is said to be the oldest preserved rocker lathe.

Wolfhart Fuchs von Fuchsperg was court clerk and bailiff of the Taufers rule in 1491 , one of the most profitable Tyrolean mining districts in Maximilian times.

Anna Fux von Fuxberg († around 1534), a daughter of Daxen Fux von Fuxberg , Imperial Salzmeier zu Hall in Tyrol , was married to the landowner and politician Ladislaus Prager , who gained particular influence and reputation as the emperor's financier.

Around 1609, the knight Hans Degenhart Fuchs zu Fuchsperg on Jauffenburg married Engelburga von Hackledt, who came from the Innviertel . After the marriage, the couple seem to have lived in Passau for several years , where they are mentioned in 1620 in a description of the citizens and residents in the quarter on the Graben among the city's Catholic residents. Hans Degenhart was the eldest son of Sigmund von Fuchs zu Fuchsberg auf Jauffenburg and his wife Rosina, nee. from Aham to Neuhaus . This Sigmund von Fuchs zu Fuchsberg served as the royal Salzburg councilor, treasurer and caretaker for Kropfsberg in Tyrol and from 1584 to 1587 as the Bavarian caretaker of Marquartstein in the Burghausen rent office ; his wife was the daughter of Augustin von Aham auf Neuhaus, at that time the carer of Marquartstein and also owner of the Niedernfels Castle near Marquartstein.

The Fuchs von Fuchsberg also had a grave at the church in Grassau near Marquartstein. As a family tree on display at the Churburg above Schluderns in Vintschgau (South Tyrol) shows, the Fuchsberg foxes were closely linked to the influential Count Trapp von Matsch through marriages over several generations .

In 1602 raised to " barons of Freudenstein ", the Fuchs von Fuchsberg became counts in 1633 . Carl Graf Fuchs the Younger went down in history as the owner of the Jaufenburg, who was particularly generous towards the valley population. After his death, however, his descendants had to take over a heavily indebted inheritance, which was incompatible with their lavish way of life. Since the beginning of the 18th century, the importance of the family waned, even if they still had extensive properties and rights in the Marling, Tscherms, Ulten and Tisens area until their extinction in 1828, although their income was limited.

coat of arms

  • (1491 in the Wolfhart Fuchs von Fuchsberg's seal ): Square, with soaring (lion-like) foxes, on it a heart shield with a tip.
  • (1591 in the family book of Jacob Christoph von Wanga): Square and covered with a black heart shield, inside a rising golden tip (because of Jaufenburg, coat of arms of those (†) von Passeier / Passeyr), 1 and 4 in gold a red fox (= family coat of arms) , 2 and 3 turned inwards a silver lion (Lebenberg). Three helmets, on the right the fox, on the middle an open flight marked like the heart shield, on the left the growing lion.
  • (1634): Divided, split three times and covered with a heart shield like 1591, 1 and 8 in blue a crescent moon turned to the right with the horns, the back of which is decorated with a gold star, 2 and 7 in gold a red fox jumping up to the left (= Family coat of arms), 3 and 6 a blue bar in silver, covered by a red lion, 4 and 5 divided, split above by black and silver, below red without a picture.

  • Fuchs von Fuchsberg - coat of arms based on Scheibler's book of arms

  • Increased coat of arms of the Fuchs von Fuchsberg after Siebmacher

  • Increased coat of arms of Count Fuchs von Fuchsberg zu Jaufenburg

Significant people

literature

  • Walter Landi, Martin Laimer: Freudenstein , in: Tiroler Burgenbuch, Vol. X: Überetsch and Südtiroler Unterland , Bozen 2011, pp. 165–190. ISBN 978-88-8266-780-1
  • Albin Pixner: The Jaufenburg. Castle ruins above St. Leonhard in Passeier , in: ARX. Castles and palaces in Bavaria, Austria and South Tyrol, year 2/32 (2010).
  • Christopher R. Seddon: Noble life paths between Bavaria and Austria. Forms of rule and rulership structures of the landed nobility on the lower Inn in the early modern period . Vienna 2009, pp. 707–708.
  • MuseumPasseier (ed.): The Jaufenburg. Building history, residents, paintings, Holy Cross Church, legends . St. Leonhard in Passeier 2003.
  • Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon . Volume III, Volume 61 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag , Limburg (Lahn) 1975, ISSN  0435-2408 , p. 414.
  • Coelestin Stampfer: Palaces and castles in Merano and surroundings . Innsbruck: Wagner 1894, pp. 74-79 ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Fuchs von Fuchsberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Jakob Staffler : The German Tyrol and Vorarlberg. Volume 2, p. 814.
  2. ^ Martin Bitschnau : Castle and nobility in Tyrol between 1050 and 1300 . Vienna 1983, p. 233f: "Family circle of the lords of Girlan-Greinsberg-Altenburg-Warth" and Walter Landi: Tiroler Burgenbuch. Vol. 10, 2011, p. 161 ff .: "Deszendenz der Herren von Greinsberg-Altenburg or von Girlan".
  3. ↑ a b Christoph Gufler: Property of the Counts Fuchs when they died out in 1828 , in: ARX. Castles and palaces in Bavaria, Austria and South Tyrol , ed. from the South Tyrolean Castle Institute , 2/2016, pp. 37–45
  4. ^ Exhibition Maximilian I. Innsbruck . Catalog of the exhibition from June 1 to October 15, 1969, ed. Cultural Department of the State of Tyrol, Innsbruck 1969: King Maximilian I's lathe
  5. ↑ Ulrich Lanz: History of wood turning ( Memento of the original from June 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ulrichlanz.de
  6. ^ A b Hannes Obermair : Sources, people, dates: the Steinhauser deed of 1491 . In: Education Committee of the Ahrntal community (ed.): Ahrntal. A church book . Ahrntal community, Steinhaus i. A. 1999, p. 56-59 .
  7. ↑ a b Seddon, Christopher R .: Noble ways of life between Bavaria and Austria. Forms of rule and rulership structures of the landed nobility on the lower Inn in the early modern period . Vienna 2009, pp. 707–708.