Galena (Illinois)
| Galena | |||
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 Downtown Galena |
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| Location in Illinois | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| Foundation : | 1826 | ||
| State : | United States | ||
| State : | Illinois | ||
| County : | Jo Daviess County | ||
| Coordinates : | 42 ° 25 ′ N , 90 ° 25 ′ W | ||
| Time zone : | Central ( UTC − 6 / −5 ) | ||
| Residents : | 3,460 (as of: 2000) | ||
| Population density : | 346 inhabitants per km 2 | ||
| Area : | 10 km 2 (approx. 4 mi 2 ) of which 10 km 2 (approx. 4 mi 2 ) are land |
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| Height : | 193 m | ||
| Postal code : | 61036 | ||
| Area code : | +1 815 | ||
| FIPS : | 17-28300 | ||
| GNIS ID : | 408846 | ||
| Website : | www.cityofgalena.org | ||
| Mayor : | Terry Renner | ||
Galena is the largest city in Jo Daviess County in the north of the US -amerikanischen State of Illinois and the administrative center of the county . At the 2000 census , the population was 3,460, and in 2006 an estimated 3,396. The city is known as a tourist destination for its history and historic architecture. There are also golf - and ski - resorts . For several years Galena was the residence of the Civil War general and later President Ulysses S. Grant , as well as other personalities from politics and show business .
history
Galena has a rich history that can be seen in the city's architecture. The first known inhabitants of the area were the Indian tribes of the Sauk and Fox . French colonization of the area began in the late 17th century, and American settlers came to the area at the beginning of the 19th century and founded the city in 1823. By the middle of the 19th century, the population rose to over 14,000 due to the extraction of lead ore, but fell continuously due to the demand to around 3,396 inhabitants today.
The extraction of lead ore
The city is named after the English name Galena for the mineral galena (lead gloss). Galena (chemically lead (II) sulphide ) is the most important ore for extracting lead . The ore was already mined by the Indians in order to obtain colors for body painting. In the 90s of the 16th century, French fur hunters explored the area and the mining of the galena began at this time.
1816 by George Davenport, one of the army for the first time ore over the retired colonel, Mississippi shipped. A trading post was set up three years later and in 1824 the first steamship docked in Galena. During this time, 80% of all US lead extraction was concentrated in Jo Daviess County.
The 1980s
Until the late 1980s, Galena retained the character of an agricultural small town. In 1990, Kraft's second cheese factory , the Lefco Foundry and Westwick's Foundry, and Microswitch Inc. were added to the local small-scale industry .
Local tourism was promoted by the then mayor, Frank Einsweiler. This also meant that long-established companies closed their offices in the city center and relocated on the outskirts of the city.
Culture
tourism
Galena is a busy tourist destination with more than 1 million visitors a year. The city is particularly valued by the residents of Chicago . Many of them now have a second home in the Galena area.
Cityscape
85% of Galena's buildings are located in the Galena Historic District , which has been included in the National Register of Historic Places and which greatly contributes to Galena's popularity. The Old Market House (built 1845) is a museum of the history of the area. There are a number of specialty shops and restaurants on Main Street in central Galena. Saint Michael's Church , named after the Archangel Michael , was founded by Father Samuel Mazzuchelli, a priest of the first American immigrants. The oldest hotel still in operation today, the Desoto House Hotel opened in 1855.
Seven buildings and sites in Galena are registered in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) (as of September 21, 2018).
People
American Civil War figures
- The later President of the USA, Ulysses S. Grant, lived in Galena for a few years. When he worked in his father's leather goods shop in 1860/1861, he lived in a rented house. After the Union's victory in the Civil War , Grant returned to Galena on August 18, 1865 and was celebrated as a hero there. He was given a fully furnished house, which is still one of the sights of Galena today as the Ulysses S. Grant Home . He lived there until his election as president in 1869 and visited it regularly until 1880.
- Elihu Benjamin Washburne was Secretary of State under Grant and a staunch abolitionist . He worked as a lawyer in Galena. His house is one of the sights of Galena and was included in the list of historic sites .
In addition to Grant, eight other Civil War generals lived in the city:
- Augustus Louis Chetlain , the first Illinois man to volunteer for the Union Army
- John Oliver Duer
- Jasper Adalmorn Maltby
- Ely Samuel Parker
- John Aaron Rawlins , Secretary of War under President Grant
- William Rueben Rowley
- John Corson Smith
- John Eugene Smith
Other personalities
- Richard H. Cain - Barber in Galena; 1853 Vice-President of the Colored Convention , in which he shared the position with Frederick Douglass .
- John H. Gear - (1825–1900) lived in Galena from 1836 to 1838. In 1863 he was Mayor of Burlington , Iowa ; Governor of Iowa 1878–1881 ; 1887-1891 and 1893-1895 MP from Iowa; From 1895 to 1900 he was a Senator from Iowa.
- James D. Lynch (1839–1872) - pastor of the Galena African Methodist Episcopal Church ; first black Secretary of State in Mississippi
- Don McNeill - (1907-1996)
- Herman Melville - (1819-1891) writer
- William A. Richards - (1849–1912) was Governor of Wyoming from 1895 to 1899 .
- Jack Willis (* 1920), jazz musician
- Frederick Schwatka - (1949-1892) explorer
- LaMetta Wynn - (1933–) The first African American woman to preside over an Iowa commune. She was Mayor of Clinton, Iowa , from 1995 to 2007 . She graduated from school in Galena.
- Isabel Fargo Cole (* 1973), writer and translator, born in Galena
Demographic data
At the 2000 census , Galena had 3,460 inhabitants in 1,570 households and 893 families. The population density was 926.4 inhabitants per square kilometer. There were 1,821 buildings, which corresponds to an average building density of 188 per square kilometer.
The population in 2000 was 97.54% white , 0.32% African American , 0.32% Asian , 0.09% American Indian , 1.16% other. 0.58% said they came from at least two of these groups. 5.06 & the population was comprised of Hispanics belonging to any of the above groups.
18.7% were under 18 years of age, 8.3% between 18 and 24, 24.4% between 25 and 44, 26.4% between 45 and 64 and 22.3% 65 and older. The average age was 44 years. Statistically, for every 100 women there were 94.9 men, and 88.5 among those over the age of 18.
The median income was $ 36,106 and the median family income was $ 44,063. The average income for men was $ 32,172 and that for women was $ 19,670. The per capita income was $ 19,773. Around 4.3% of families and 9.9% of the total population had their income below the poverty line.
geography
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Galena is 42 ° 25'5 "north latitude and 90 ° 25'53" west longitude. The city has an area of 9.7 km² and is located on the Galena River , a tributary of the Mississippi .
The highest point near Galena is the Horseshoe Mound , which US Highway 20 winds around before entering the city. Its height is 324 m.
Individual evidence
- ^ Find a County
- ↑ United States Census Bureau: 2005 population estimate for Galena city . Retrieved April 13, 2007.
- ^ Galena Historical Society: History Highlights . June 21, 2006. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
- ^ Mineral Information Institute: Lead . October 18, 2004. Archived from the original on April 15, 2007. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
- ↑ Road Trip America: Tritowns . November 1, 2005. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
- ^ Solomon, A. (2005, June 5). Back to Galena. Chicago Tribune , pp. 1, Travel.
- ↑ Search mask database in the National Register Information System. National Park Service , accessed September 21, 2018.
- ↑ Ulysses S. Grant. Illinois State Military Museum, February 27, 2007, archived from the original on February 16, 2007 ; accessed on February 19, 2014 (English).
- ↑ Ulysses S. Grant Home . In: Galena State Historic Sites . Chris Gordy. April 4, 2008. Retrieved September 23, 2009.
- ^ University of Virginia, Miller Center of Public Affairs: Elihu B. Washburne . 2007. Accessed on April 13, 2007. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Galena Historical Society: Galena's Nine Civil War Generals . June 21, 2006. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
- ^ Radio Hall of Fame: Don McNeill . March 16, 2007. Archived from the original on April 15, 2007. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
- ↑ Hayes, K. (2007). The Cambridge Introduction to Herman Melville . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
- ^ State of Wyoming: W. Richards . July 17, 2006. Archived from the original on February 26, 2014. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
- ^ Alaska Historical Society: This Month in Alaska History . Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
