Gardner Fox

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Gardner Francis Fox (born May 20, 1911 in Brooklyn , † December 24, 1986 in Princeton, New Jersey ) was an American comic book scenarist and author of over 100 novels of various genres , including historical novels , science fiction , fantasy and erotic .

Life

Fox was the son of engineer Leon Francis Fox and Julia Veronica, née Gardner. After studying law at St. John's University in New York , which he graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1932 , he was admitted to the bar in 1935 and was then a lawyer until 1938.

From the late 1930s he worked as a comics scenarist for the publisher DC Comics , for whom he created several well-known characters, including The Flash (together with Harry Lampert ), Adam Strange and Hawkman . Fox is considered to be the inventor of the superhero teams due to the creation of the Justice Society of America . In addition to DC, Fox also wrote scripts for Marvel and Dark Horse .

In the mid-1940s, in addition to his work as a comic book scenarist, Fox began to appear as a writer of fantastic stories. A first short story, The Weirds of the Woodcarver , appeared in Weird Tales in 1944 . Other short stories followed, most of which appeared in Planet Stories . When the decline of pulp magazines began in the 1950s , Fox switched market and genre and initially began a series of historical novels, beginning under its own name with Madame Buccaneer (1953), The Borgia Blade (1953) and Woman of Kali (1954) which have also been translated into German. Other genre novels followed, in which he used various pseudonyms, including Jefferson Cooper, Jeffrey Gardner and James Kendricks. From the mid-1960s he wrote several low fantasy novel series ( Alan Morgan , Kothar and Kyrick ), as well as two Commander Craig science fiction novels that were translated into German.

When James Bond fever and the sex wave collided in the 1960s , erotic novels with sex espionage topics had a short-term boom, in which Fox, as an experienced prolific writer, was prominently involved. He wrote the novels of The Lady from LUST series as Rod Gray , together with Michael Avallone and others under the collective pseudonym Troy Conway, several novels by The Coxeman and under the pseudonym Glen Chase the first two dozen volumes of Cherry Delight: The Sexecutioner .

In 1979, he said he had published over 110 novels using a dozen pseudonyms. Fox has received many awards for his work in the comic field, including the Alley Award (1962 as best scenarioist). He was inducted into the Jack Kirby Hall of Fame posthumously in 1998 and into the Will Eisner Hall of Fame in 1999 . In addition, the episode "Legends" from the Justice League series was dedicated to him.

Fox had been married to Lynda Julia Negrini since 1937, with whom he had two daughters.

bibliography

comics

(in alphabetical order)

DC Comics
  • Action Comics # 8-79 (John Zatara); # 134, 139-144 (Vigilante); # 138 ( Congo Bill ) (1939-1950)
  • Adventure Comics # 35-67, 69-77, 81, 83-89 (1939-1944)
  • All-American Western # 105-106, 113, 115 (1949-1950)
  • All-Flash # 6-24, 28 (1942-1947)
  • All-Flash Quarterly # 1-5 (1941-1942)
  • All Star Comics # 1–34, 46, 50, 53 (1940–1950)
  • All Star Western # 62, 90-92, 94-95, 97-99. 107-119 (1951-1961)
  • The Atom # 1-37 (1962-1968)
  • Atom and Hawkman # 40-41 (1968-1969)
  • Batman # 41, 165, 170-172. 174-175. 179, 181, 183-184, 186, 188-192, 194-197, 199, 201-202 (1947, 1964-1968)
  • Big All-American Comic Book # 1 (1944)
  • Boy Commandos # 36 (1949)
  • The Brave and the Bold # 28-30 (Justice League); # 34-36, 42-44 (Hawkman); # 45-49 (Strange Sports); # 1-62 (Starman and Black Canary ) (1960-1965)
  • Comic Cavalcade # 1-19 (1942-1947)
  • Detective Comics # 4-26, 37-43 (Speed ​​Saunders); # 29-34, 331, 333-340, 344-345, 347, 349, 351, 353, 356, 359, 361, 363, 366-369, 371, 374, 376-377, 384 (Batman); # 328-330, 332-339, 341-342, 345-358, 360-365, 367-383 ( Elongated Man ) (1937-1969)
  • The Flash # 117, 123, 129, 137-138, 140, 142-146, 150-152, 154, 159, 162, 164, 166-167, 170-171, 177 (1960-1988)
  • Flash Comics # 1-80 (1940-1947)
  • Funny Stuff # 22-27 (1947)
  • Green Lantern # 27 (1947)
  • Green Lantern vol. 2 # 16-17, 21-23, 25-29, 32-38, 41-44, 46, 48, 50, 57-58, 60, 62, 65, 67 (1962-1969)
  • Hawkman # 1-21 (1964-1967)
  • Hopalong Cassidy # 86, 89, 91-92, 112-113, 115, 117-121, 124 (1954-1957)
  • Jimmy Wakely # 1-3, 7-9, 11, 15 (1949-1952)
  • Justice League of America # 1-38, 40-47, 49-57, 59-65 (1960-1968)
  • More Fun Comics # 55–95 ( Doctor Fate ) (1940–1944)
  • Mystery in Space # 1–5, 7–15, 31–32, 36, 41, 43, 45–48, 50–91 (1951–1964)
  • New York World's Fair Comics # 1–2 (1939–1940)
  • Sensation Comics # 1-10, 109 (1942-1952)
  • Showcase # 15-16 (Space Ranger); # 17-19 ( Adam Strange ); # 34-36 (the Atom); # 55-56 (Doctor Fate and Hourman); # 60-61, 64 (Specter) (1958-1966)
  • The Specter # 1-2, 6-7 (1967-1968)
  • Strange Adventures # 1-21, 23-26, 29-30, 35, 38, 50, 69, 71, 73-74, 78-81, 83-84, 86-97, 99, 101-107, 109-116 , 118-159, 161, 163, 226 (1950-1970)
  • Superboy # 20 (1952)
  • Western Comics # 4, 19-21, 23-27, 31-37. 39-46, 56-85 (1948-1961)
  • World's Best Comics # 1 (1941)
  • World's Finest Comics # 2–8, 51–60, 62, 64 (1941–1953)
Marvel Comics
  • Chamber of Chills # 2-4 (1973)
  • Creatures on the Loose # 26-27 (1973-1974)
  • Doc Savage # 5-7 (1973)
  • Dracula Lives! # 4 (1974)
  • Gunhawks # 7 (1973)
  • Journey into Mystery vol. 2 # 4 (1973)
  • Marvel Premiere # 5–8 ( Doctor Strange ) (1972–1973)
  • Marvel Spotlight # 1 (Red Wolf) (1971)
  • Monsters Unleashed # 1 (1973)
  • Red Wolf # 2–8 (1972–1973)
  • The Tomb of Dracula # 5-6 (1972-1973)
  • Vampire Tales # 1-2 (1973)
Dark Horse Books
  • Thun'da: King of the Congo (2010, with Frank Frazetta and Bob Powell)

Books

Series

Crom the Barbarian (Fantasy Short Stories)
  • 1 Crom the Barbarian (1950, with John Giunta)
  • 2 The Spider God of Akka! (1950)
Alan Morgan (Fantasy)
  • 1 Warrior of Llarn (1964)
  • 2 Thief of Llarn (1966)
Commander Craig (science fiction)
  • 1 Beyond the Black Enigma (1965, as Bart Somers)
  • 2 Abandon Galaxy! (1967, as Bart Somers)
The Lady from LUST (Erotica and Espionage, as Rod Gray)
  • 1 The Lady From LUST (1967, also as Lust Be a Lady Tonight )
    • German: playground of pleasure. Decker (Sexer # 20), 1971.
  • 2 Lay Me Odds (1967)
  • 3 The 69 Pleasures (1967)
    • German: 69 joys of love. Decker (Sexer # 5), 1970.
  • 4 Five Beds to Mecca (1968)
    • German: 5 beds to Mecca. Decker (Sexer # 14), 1971.
  • 5 The Hot Mahatma (1968)
  • 6 To Russia with LUST (1968)
  • 7 Kiss My Assassin (1968)
    • German: Deadly lust. Decker (Sexer # 1), 1970.
  • 8 South of the Bordello (1968)
    • German: South of Bordello. Decker (Sexer # 9), 1970.
  • 9 The Poisoned Pussy (1968, also as Sock It To Me )
    • German: dangerous hugs. Decker (Sexer # 23), 1971.
  • 10 The Big Snatch (1970)
    • German: naked and wild. Decker (Sexer # 4), 1970.
  • 11 Lady In Heat (1970)
    • German: The hot lady. Decker (Sexer # 11), 1970.
  • 12 Laid in the Future (1970)
  • 13 Blow My Mind (1971)
    • German: The sex spy. Decker (Sexer # 7), 1970.
  • 14 The Copulation Explosion (1970)
    • German: The Finger Lady. Decker (Sexer # 26), 1971.
  • 15 Easy Ride (1971)
  • 16 The Lady Takes It All Off (1971)
  • 17 Turned On to Lust (1971)
  • 18 Skin Game Dame (1972)
  • 1001 Go For Broke (1975)
  • 1002 Have a Snort! (1975)
  • 1003 Target for Tonight (1975)
  • 1004 The Maracaibo Affair (1975)
  • 1005 Voodoo Kill (1975)
  • 1006 The Lady Killer (1975)
  • 1007 Kill Her With Love (1975)
Kothar (Fantasy)
  • 1 Kothar: Barbarian Swordsman (1969)
    • English: Battle in the Labyrinth. Pabel (Terra Fantasy # 64), 1979.
  • 2 Kothar of the Magic Sword! (1969)
    • English: The red witch. Pabel (Terra Fantasy # 67), 1979.
  • Variant: Kothar of the Magic Sword (2016)
  • 3 Kothar and the Demon Queen (1969)
    • English: The demon queen. Pabel (Terra Fantasy # 70), 1980.
  • 4 Kothar and the Conjurer's Curse (1970)
    • English: The Witcher's Curse. Pabel (Terra Fantasy # 73), 1980.
  • 5 Kothar and the Wizard Slayer (1970)
    • German: The barbarian and the assassin. Pabel (Terra Fantasy # 76), 1980.
  • The First Kothar the Barbarian MEGAPACK® (2016, volumes 1–3)
  • The Second Kothar the Barbarian MEGAPACK® (2016, volumes 4 and 5)
Kyrick (Fantasy)
  • 1 Kyrik: Warlock Warrior (1975)
  • 2 Kyrik Fights the Demon World (1975)
  • 3 Kyrik and the Wizard's Sword (1976)
  • 4 Kyrik and the Lost Queen (1976)

Single novels

  • Madame Buccaneer (1953)
    • German: Piraten-Lizzie. Translated by Barara Colfoer. Lehning, Hanover 1957.
  • The Borgia Blade (1953)
    • English: The sword of the Borgia Translated by Niko Muri. Lehning, Hanover 1957.
  • Woman of Kali (1954)
    • English: priestess of death. Translated by Karl L. Meirowsky. Lehning, Hannover 1957. Further translation by Gregor Zeitvogel: Priesterin der Liebe. Ullstein books # 3561, 1976, ISBN 3-548-03561-2 .
  • The Gentleman Rogue (1954)
  • Rebel Wench (1955)
  • Queen of Sheba (1956)
  • One Sword for Love (1956)
  • Terror over London (1957)
  • The Conquering Prince (1958)
  • Witness This Woman (1959)
  • Creole Woman (1959)
  • The Devil Sword (1960, as Kevin Matthews)
  • Bastard of Orleans (1960)
    • English: The Bastard of Orleans. Translated by Ingrid Rothmann. Ullstein books # 3498, 1978, ISBN 3-548-03498-5 .
  • Scandal in Suburbia (1960)
  • Ivan the Terrible (1961)
  • Woman of Egypt (1961, as Kevin Matthews)
  • Barbary Devil (1961, as Jeffrey Gardner)
  • As Good as Dead (1962)
  • Five Weeks in a Balloon (1962, novel version of the US film adaptation of Jules Vernes ' novel Five Weeks in a Balloon from 1962)
  • Cleopatra (1962 as Jeffrey Gardner)
  • One Wife's Ways (1963)
  • Tom Blood, Highwayman (1963)
  • Escape Across the Cosmos (1964, pirated prints with some changed names and otherwise the same text: Titans of the Universe , 1978, with author name Moonchild, and Star Chase , with author name Brian James Royal)
  • The Arsenal of Miracles (1964)
  • The Hunter Out of Time (1965)
  • The Druid Stones (1965, as Simon Majors)
    • English: The Druid Stone. Translated by Eleonore Stadler. Ullstein books # 3340, 1977, ISBN 3-548-03340-7 .
  • Helen of Troy (1965, as Kevin Mathews)
    • German: The beautiful Helena. Translated by Annelore Kleinlein. Bastei-Galant Paperback # 10, 1971.
  • Lion of Lucca (1966)
  • Conehead (1973)
  • The Bold Ones (1976)
  • The Liberty Sword (1976)
  • Hurricane (1976)
  • Savage Passage (1978)
  • Blood Trail (1979)
  • Carty (1979)

as Jefferson Cooper
  • Arrow in the Hill (1955)
  • The Bloody Sevens (1956)
  • The Swordsman (1957)
  • The Questing Sword (1958)
  • Captain Seadog (1959)
  • Veronica's Veil (1959)
  • Delilah (1962)
  • Jezebel (1963)
  • Slave of the Roman Sword (1965)
  • This Swordfor Hire (1966)

as James Kendricks
  • Beyond Our Pleasure (1959)
  • Sword of Casanova (1959)
  • Adultress (1960)
  • She Wouldn't Surrender (1960)
  • The Wicked, Wicked Woman (1961)
  • Love Me Tonight (1963)

as Lynna Cooper
  • An Offer of Marriage (1976)
  • Substitute Bride (1976)
  • Her Heart's Desire (1976)
  • The Hired Wife (1978)
  • Forgotten Love (1979)
  • Hearts in the Highlands (1980)
  • Inherit My Heart (1981)

Short stories

  • The Weirds of the Woodcarver (1944)
  • The Last Monster (1945)
  • Man nth (1945)
  • Engines of the Gods (1946)
  • Rain, Rain, Go Away! (1946)
  • Heart of Light (1946)
  • The Man the Sun-Gods Made (1946)
  • Sword of the Seven Suns (1947)
  • Vassals of the Lode-Star (1947)
  • Werwile of the Crystal Crypt (1948)
  • When Kohonnes Screamed (1948)
  • The Rainbow Jade (2016)
  • Temptress of the Time Flow (1950)
  • Tonight the Stars Revolt! (1952)
  • The Warlock of Sharrador (1953)
  • The Holding of Kolymar (1972)
  • Shadow of a Demon (1976)
    • German: Demon Shadow. Pabel (Terra Fantasy # 88), 1981.
  • Beyond the Wizard Fog (1977)
  • The Stolen Sacrifice (1978)
  • The Thing From the Tomb (1979)
  • The Eyes of Mavis Deval (1980)
  • The Cube From Beyond (1980)
  • The Cup of Golden Death (1980)
  • Out of the Eons (1980)
  • The Lure of the Golden Godling (1980)
  • The Coming of the Sword (1981)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Robert Reginald: Science Fiction and Fantasy Literature. Detroit 1979, p. 902.
personal data
SURNAME Fox, Gardner
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fox, Gardner Francis (full name); Conway, Troy (pseudonym); Cooper, Jefferson (pseudonym); Cooper, Lynna (pen name); Gray, Rod (pseudonym); Kendricks, James (pseudonym); Majors, Simon (pseudonym); Mathews, Kevin (pen name); Somers, Bart (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American comic, science fiction, and fantasy writer
DATE OF BIRTH May 20, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Brooklyn
DATE OF DEATH December 24, 1986
Place of death Princeton , New Jersey