Garden City (Freiburg im Breisgau)
| Basic data | |
|---|---|
| City : | Freiburg |
| Area : | 8.63 km² (Haslach-Gartenstadt district) |
| Residents : | 1178 (Garden City, December 2014) |
The garden city of Freiburg is planned and built according to the principles of a garden city . It is the eponymous part of the Freiburg district Haslach belonging municipality Haslach-garden city.
history
Industrialization, population growth and strong rural-urban migration had led to rapid urban growth in the 19th century. The garden city movement in the beginning of the 20th century was primarily a reaction to the inhumane living conditions in the tenements of the cities and had set itself the goal of the “liveable city”.
The non-profit building cooperative "Gartenvorstadt Freiburg im Breisgau", founded in July 1913, was able to build the first houses on Körner and Kleiststrasse in 1914 after acquiring the approximately 150 large property between Basler Strasse and what was then Gutleutstrasse, now Carl-Kistner Strasse kick off. The 58 single-family houses built by the architect Joseph Mallebrein could still be occupied in 1914 before the outbreak of the First World War. The construction work intensified in the 1920s until the full character of a garden city was developed.
The garden city has been registered as a cultural monument since 1986 .
Anniversary 100 years
In 2014 the centenary of the construction of the first houses was celebrated. As part of the anniversary, a large number of public events took place throughout the year. The list of events included several lectures, historical tours and picture evenings, an open garden day with supraregional resonance, a dinner en blanc , a day of garden music, a day of games and sports, an evening of the illuminated gardens and an exhibition. A jointly produced book was published to accompany the anniversary.
The Vordtriede house
The Vordtriede-Haus Freiburg project has been dedicated to the Vordtriede family who emigrated since 2014 . She lived at Fichtestrasse 4 from 1926 to 1938. In addition to Käthe Vordtriede , the children Fränze and Werner are also part of it. They were also persecuted and had to flee. Two stumbling blocks in front of the former residential building and the Freiburg regional council ( Basler Hof ) as well as the "Käthe-Vordtriede-Weg" in the Rieselfeld district honor the commitment of the Freiburg journalist. In 2015 the citizens' project was awarded a city prize.
Street names
The streets of the garden city were essentially named after freedom poets of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries:
| Street name | Named after |
|---|---|
| Arndtstrasse | Ernst Moritz Arndt , writer , historian , freedom fighter and member of the Frankfurt National Assembly |
| Bauhöferstrasse | Camill Bauhöfer, pharmacist from Oberkirch. The Leopold Bauhöfer Retirement Home Foundation, founded in 1918, was named after Bauhöfer's father |
| Carl-Kistner-Strasse (formerly Gutleutstrasse ) | Carl Kistner, socially committed first pastor of Haslach's first independent Catholic parish from 1914 |
| Eichendorffweg | Joseph von Eichendorff , German romantic poet and writer |
| Englerplatz | Wilhelm Engler , German trade unionist and politician, member of the board of the Gartenvorstadt building cooperative |
| Fichtestrasse | Johann Gottlieb Fichte , German educator and philosopher , an important representative of German idealism |
| Freiligrathstrasse | Ferdinand Freiligrath , German poet and translator |
| Kleiststrasse | Bernd Heinrich Wilhelm von Kleist , German playwright , storyteller , poet and publicist |
| Körnerstrasse | Theodor Körner , German poet and playwright, famous for his songs in the struggle for freedom against Napoleonic rule |
| Schenkendorfstrasse | Gottlob Ferdinand Maximilian Gottfried von Schenkendorf , German writer |
| Schoenbergstrasse | After the nearby Schoenberg named |
Housing associations in the garden city
Bauverein Breisgau eG
The influence of the garden city movement on housing construction over the past hundred years laid the foundation for social, democratized housing construction, to which the housing cooperative Bauverein Freiburg, today Bauverein Breisgau eG, also felt committed. In 1913, under the leadership of the city council and building association member, Wilhelm Engler, the non-profit building cooperative Gartenvorstadt eGmbH was founded with the aim of building healthy and functional single-family houses with gardens for low-income families to rent. Wilhelm Engler was elected to the board of the new cooperative alongside Hans Gräfen and Camill Noppel.
In 1914, the Gartenvorstadt cooperative acquired building sites on Gutleutstrasse from the foundation administration. Despite the outbreak of the First World War, 58 single-family houses were built there within one year according to the designs of the architect Mallebrein. After the first discussions between the chairmen of the board, Karl Manz (Bauverein) and Wilhelm Engler, about a merger of the two cooperatives in 1917, the merger took place in March 1920. She let the building association grow into one of the largest housing cooperatives in Baden. Wilhelm Engler switched to the supervisory board of the building association. In the same year, the construction of 21 single-family houses according to the plans of the architects F. Barten and A. Senck began on Gutleutstrasse. The houses with a living space of 75 square meters had three rooms, a kitchen and a habitable attic. There were also gardens that were supposed to enable the tenants to grow fruit and vegetables for self-sufficiency. For the second construction phase of the garden city, the senior building council of the city of Freiburg had drawn up a general development plan to prevent the building land from being fragmented. The street layout was chosen so that the rows of houses received east and west sun. In 1921 the building association gave the go-ahead for 83 more single-family houses with gardens and small animal stalls on Bauhöferstraße. The property was leased by the city of Freiburg as a heritable building for a period of 70 years.
In recognition of the great structural commitment - within five years the building association had built 120 single-family houses in the garden city - the Englerplatz, which was laid out in 1926, was named after its member of the supervisory board. Due to the seizure of power by the National Socialists, it was renamed Karl-Winter-Platz seven years later, and only got its original name again after the end of the war.
In 1927 the cooperative acquired another piece of land (today Carl-Kistner-Straße 12) for the construction of rental apartments, in 1928 construction began on Gutleut- / Fichtestraße for twelve single-family houses with two to five rooms and gardens, all of which were completed in the same year were. In its edition of July 29, 1928, the Freiburger Zeitung praised the Bauverein for having contributed to transforming the "Haslach garden district" into one of the "most desirable residential areas in Freiburg". The article particularly emphasizes the "architectural arrangement of the construction", the "loving care" and the "taste" of the interior fittings. “No cramped apartments as one usually finds in terraced houses, (...) quite spacious rooms in all apartments and single-family houses, in which the window question has not been skimped, so that their happy owners of light and healthy air, in part, too the most wonderful view of Kandel, Roßkopf, (...) “. All living rooms already had hot water heating at this time. One of the tenants of the building association in the garden city was the Jewish journalist and committed social democrat Käthe Vordtriede . After she was brought into line - including the building association - in 1933 she was banned from working and taken into protective custody several times. In 1939 the single mother managed to escape to Switzerland in an adventurous way and later to New York, where she died impoverished in 1964 at the age of 73. Her two children, Fränze Vordtriede and Werner Vordtriede , had already emigrated.
Bauverein Breisgau eG played a key role in the creation and design of the garden city. Over a period of ten years, he built a total of 205 of the approximately 600 single-family houses and thirteen apartments in apartment buildings. Since 2004 the listed houses and apartments of the cooperative have been carefully renovated and modernized. The garden city is an ideal living space for families; When setting rental prices, the Bauverein is also based on the principle of member support in order to make affordable living space available to all generations.
Flora and fauna
The Freiburg Garden City, as one of the largest contiguous garden areas in Freiburg, with its mosaic of many differently designed areas, offers habitat for numerous, partially protected wild animal species. It is the breeding and food biotope of a large number of different bird species such as house sparrows, various titmouse species (e.g. cabbage , blue , coal tit ), blackbirds , starlings , black redstart , robins , song thrushes , hawfinches , treecreepers , nuthatches , golden cocks , chaffinches , Greenfinches , giraffe and goldfinches . Also herons regularly visit the garden ponds to one or the other goldfish to eat. Magpies , crows and sometimes other corvids can often be observed, while jays , sparrowhawks and great spotted woodpeckers are rather rare guests.
A common representative of wild mammals is the hedgehog , which looks for something to eat in the gardens in the evenings and at night. With a little luck, the stone marten can also be seen on nightly forays into the district. He not only preyed on mice, rats, birds and insects, but also many dwarf rabbits , guinea pigs and bantams that did not come into the barn in the evening. Even foxes are said to have been hanging around in the streets of the Garden City. The air space above the gardens is of great interest to various bat species . There they prey on all kinds of moths or June beetles in the warm twilight nights .
Among the day butterflies, common species such as cabbage white and lemon butterflies , but also rarer forms such as peacock butterfly , imperial mantle , admiral or swallowtail can be observed. Even the pigeon tail, which actually belongs to the moths, buzzes in jerky swarms from flower to flower. For several years in some regions classified as protected forms juniper borer strong population especially on tail forming arborvitae . Among the many other insect species in the garden city, only the field locusts or the large green hay horse, but also rose beetles , various longhorn beetles and various wild bee species , honey bees , various wasp species and a number of bug and dragonfly species are mentioned as examples .
Reptiles and amphibians are also part of the animal inventory of the garden city. So who loves Blindschleiche the numerous compost heap, where they very thin their young in one, bring transparent egg membrane to the world. Piles of stones, pruning trays or piles of firewood are valuable biotopes for this protected species. Common toads , common frogs and mountain newts have been spotted among the amphibians and benefit from the smaller and larger ponds that are available in some gardens.
Personalities
- Käthe Vordtriede , journalist and emigrant, lived at Fichtestrasse 4 from 1926 to 1938
- Adolf Seger and his brother Edmund Seger
- Michael Kaufmehl
- Margot Queitsch , SPD city councilor since 1980
- Günther Klotz , Lord Mayor of Karlsruhe from 1952 to 1970
literature
- Action Committee 100 Years of the Garden City (Ed.): History and Stories - 100 Years of the Garden City of Freiburg-Haslach 2nd edition. Freiburg 2015, ISBN 978-3-00-047910-6 .
- Erik Roth: Gartenstadt Haslach in Freiburg In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg 4/1995, 1995, ISSN 0342-0027 , pp. 179-188 ( 7.6 MB ).
- Jürgen Lang: The Vordtriede quiz. 50 questions and answers about the emigrated Freiburg family. BoD, Norderstedt 2016, 2nd edition, ISBN 978-3-7392-0492-5 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook 2014: Inhabitants of the Garden City District. (PDF; 5.6 MB) (No longer available online.) City of Freiburg, December 2014, archived from the original on July 21, 2015 ; Retrieved July 18, 2015 .
- ^ Action Committee 100 Years of the Garden City (Ed.): History and Stories - 100 Years of the Garden City of Freiburg-Haslach , p. 5.
- ↑ Action Committee 100 Years of the Garden City (Ed.): History and Stories - 100 Years of the Garden City of Freiburg-Haslach , p. 13.
- ↑ Action Committee 100 Years of the Garden City (Ed.): History and Stories - 100 Years of the Garden City of Freiburg-Haslach , p. 65.
- ↑ Action Committee 100 Years of the Garden City (Ed.): History and Stories - 100 Years of the Garden City of Freiburg-Haslach , p. 66.
Web links
- City of Freiburg: Statistical Yearbook 2015 (PDF; 5.6 MB) Office for Citizens' Service and Information Processing, December 2014, accessed on July 18, 2015 .
- Garden city of Freiburg
Coordinates: 47 ° 59 ' N , 7 ° 49' E