Glanbach
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Glanbach Glan |
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_-_Salzburg_06.jpg) Lower course of the Glan on the border of the Salzburg districts of Lehen and Liefering |
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| Data | ||
| location | Salzburg and the surrounding area | |
| River system | Danube | |
| Drain over | Salzach → Inn → Danube → Black Sea | |
| River basin district | DOJ-Salzach to Lammer | |
| source | Confluence Brunnbach, Kühlbach, Kopp trench Bach 47 ° 44 '33 " N , 12 ° 59' 32" O |
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| Source height | 470 m above sea level A. | |
| muzzle | next to the Saalachspitz in the Salzach Coordinates: 47 ° 50 ′ 51 ″ N , 13 ° 0 ′ 30 ″ E 47 ° 50 ′ 51 ″ N , 13 ° 0 ′ 30 ″ E |
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| Mouth height | 427 m above sea level A. | |
| Height difference | 43 m | |
| Bottom slope | 3.1 ‰ | |
| length | 13.7 km | |
| Discharge at the Moos A Eo gauge : 26.5 km² Location: 6.54 km above the mouth |
NNQ (02/14/1954) MNQ 1951–2011 MQ 1951–2011 Mq 1951–2011 MHQ 1951–2011 HHQ (08/04/2009) |
0 l / s 90 l / s 1.15 m³ / s 43.4 l / (s km²) 23.4 m³ / s 46.2 m³ / s |
| Big cities | Salzburg | |
| Communities | Grödig , Salzburg | |
The Glan ( f. ) (Rarely also Glanbach ) is a 13.7 km long stream that flows from the foot of the Untersberg through the city of Salzburg and flows into the Salzach as a left tributary next to the Saalachspitz .
Naming
The word Glan is of Celtic origin and means something like "clear water"; Glan was also the name of a Celtic water god. In the Salzburg region, the Celtic-Roman cultural tradition has remained as unbroken as the tradition in Bavaria (cf. Welsche , on the Latin settlements in the Alpine region of late antiquity).
The Hydrographic Service calls the Salzburger Glan, in contrast to the Carinthian Glan Glanbach. On the geographic information system of the state of Salzburg (SAGIS), however, the river is also referred to as Glan . The run from the Glankanal (also still called Glan ) down through the Salzburg district of Liefering is called Altglan .
Run
The Glan is created at the Fürstenbrunn ball mills ( Untersberg Museum ) through the confluence of three source streams: the Brunnbach , the Kühlbach and the Koppengraben Bach . The highest of the sources of these brooks is on the Sausenden Wand at approx. 1400 m ( ⊙ ), most of the water comes from the Brunnbach, which springs from the Fürstenbrunnen ( ⊙ ). This spring served earlier prince archbishops, with a water rider bringing fresh water to the court every day (from which the place name “Fürstenbrunn”). The quality of the water was praised. The attempt to build a drinking water pipeline from Fürstenbrunn to the city of Salzburg failed in 1661. The spring cave was then recaptured in 1874/75 to provide water for the high spring pipeline of the city of Salzburg. On October 31, 1875, after two years of construction, it was opened by Mayor Ignaz Harrer and poured 4,000 m³ per day. Nearby is also Glanegg Castle , the guard castle of the marble quarry and the trade route to Bad Reichenhall , today owned by the Mayr-Melnhofs .
As it continues through the Salzburg Basin , the Glan forms the wetland along Moosstrasse and the Leopoldskroner Moor with its ponds ( Leopoldskron-Moos district , Viehausen town). It forms the border between the city of Salzburg and the municipality of Wals-Siezenheim . Then the Glan flows through the districts of Riedenburg and Maxglan , whereupon it forms the border between Lehen and Liefering for the most part as a Glankanal and flows into the Salzach between Traklsteg and the motorway bridge ( ⊙ ). The Altlauf, accompanied by the Lieferinger Mühlbach, runs as Altglan through Liefering and the Herrenau and flows about 800 m above the Saalach estuary at the Saalachspitz .
Source Fürstenbrunn, origin of the Brunnbach and thus the main source of the Glan
Ball mill in Fürstenbrunn, operated with the water of the Glan
The Glan, which has been straightened since the 1930s / 40s; here at the level of the bridge at Schwarzgrabenweg
The straightened Glan at the level of the bridge on the Rosenheim – Salzburg line
The Altglan in the Salzachsee-Saalachspitz nature reserve
Hydraulic engineering
The Glan is - together with the small, more easterly Rosittenbach, which today flows into the Almkanal , and the Almbach - the hydrologically determining body of water in the south of Salzburg as far as the Salzach, with which it has created a vast, postglacial moorland. Many place names testify to the Moor colonization of all time levels: moss , gneiss (from canalis ) Riedenburg ( Ried , reeds') Maxglan (from St. Maximilian an der Glan ); More recent are Glansiedlung ( Wals-Siezenheim ) and names of settlements in the south of Salzburg: Kendlersiedlung (court name for 'Entwässerungsgraben'), Eichethofsiedlung (for Eichenwald) and Birkensiedlung (settlement in the vicinity of Birkenstrasse). The use of water can be seen in Fürstenbrunn ('fountain of the prince archbishops') and in the name of the old suburb of Mülln ('mill'), the extraction of settlement space in Rott ('clearing') at the mouth of the Saalach.
The first thoughts on the small-scale regulation of the Glan Bach already existed in 1598 under Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau and at the beginning around the end of the 19th century. However, regulatory planning was not seriously tackled until 1924 after a major flood. To ameliorate the Leopoldskron Moor and other agricultural areas - in the lower reaches but also to improve flood security for newly constructed low-lying buildings in the then rapidly growing community of Maxglan - the Glankanal was dug as a relief channel with a length of 1.2 km in Liefering from 1933 to 1935 , which connects the Glan in the exhibition center area with the Salzach. Then from 1935 to 1943 the strongly meandering stream in the rest of the city as far as Fürstenbrunn was radically straightened and regulated to drain the Leopoldskroner Moos and shortened by more than 3 km. The tributaries in the area of the Walser meadows were also regulated from 1951 to 1953.
The straightening and shortening of the landscape and the water balance of the Leopoldskron Moor were seriously affected, but above all the prerequisites for the ever-increasing drainage of the moor were created. The variety of flowers and species of the once famous Glaner meadows disappeared. The regulation also led to the widespread impoverishment of the fish stocks of the Glan. On the other hand, the gain in new building land achieved through the regulatory measures was welcomed, which led to brisk construction activity in the Liefering area.
In order to counteract the impoverishment of the animal and plant species richness in and around the stream and to dissolve the uniform appearance of the regulated stream, the course of the stream was partially dismantled in the area of the Leopoldskron-Moos landscape conservation area . In the course of this, the river bed was enlarged in several places in this area by short meanders running parallel to the regulated stream, the embankments designed differently and accesses to the stream created. An increase in the number of animals was soon recorded.
In the course of the construction of the Sohlstufe Lehen power plant next to the confluence of the Glankanal and the Salzach (the so-called Glanspitz ), the estuary area of the canal was redesigned in 2013. Most recently, as part of flood protection measures in 2014, a small diversion of the Altglan took place in the mouth area at the Saalachspitz .
Web links
literature
- Josef Hübl: Local history city of Salzburg .5. Edition. Self-published by Salzburger Sparkasse, Salzburg 1980 5
- Karl Sinnhuber: The Glan near Salzburg . Office of the Salzburg Provincial Government, Salzburg 1949
Historical:
- Franz Anton Alexander von Braune: The large and famous Untersberg peat bog area near Salzburg . Mayrische Buchhandlung, Salzburg 1845
Hydrology and hydraulic engineering:
- Regina Glechner, Robert Patzner, Albert Jagsch: On the fish stock of the Glan and its tributaries in the city of Salzburg . In: Österreichs Fischerei , 48, 1995, pp. 77-83 (“Science” section), ISSN 0029-9987
- Angelika Lumetzberger, Robert A. Patzner: The Glan through the ages . Organismic Biology, University of Salzburg; Magistrate of the City of Salzburg (Ed.), Brochure Restructuring Project (PDF; 1.6 MB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (Ed.): Hydrographisches Jahrbuch von Österreich 2011. 119th Volume. Vienna 2013, p. OG 135, PDF (12.9 MB) on bmlrt.gv.at (Yearbook 2011)
- ↑ See the picture of the Kärntner Glan .
- ↑ Level: Moos Glan (waters: Glanbach) ( Memento of the original from June 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , with current water levels.
- ↑ SAGIS ( Memento of the original from June 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed February 28, 2014.
- ^ University of Salzburg, Department of Regional and Applied Geology: 18th Century - Wasserreiter ( Memento from May 12, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) , website at www.untersberg.net, accessed on February 28, 2014.
- ↑ Cornelius Schwarz: The Untersberg, a contribution to the moss flora of Salzburg . Presented at the meeting on February 3, 1838. Ed .: Zool.-Bot. Ges. Austria. 1838 ( biologiezentrum.at (PDF, 545 kB)).
- ^ The high spring pipeline from the Fürstenbrunnen on the Untersberg to the city of Salzburg . In: Communications from the Society for Regional Studies in Salzburg . tape 40 . Self-published by the company, Salzburg 1900, p. 117-154 . Quoted from the Salzburger Nachrichten . (Article in the article archive ).
- ↑ Walter Dorfer: Text on the information board of the Lieferinger Kulturwanderweg in the area where the Glankanal flows into the Salzach.
- ↑ Liefering. The Village in the City , ed. from the board of trustees of the Peter Pfenninger donation Liefering, Salzburg 1997, pp. 189f.
- ↑ Liefering. The Village in the City , ed. from the board of trustees of the Peter Pfenninger donation Liefering, Salzburg 1997, pp. 190f.
- ↑ Information boards 01 and 02 along the Glan on the accompanying path in Leopoldskron-Moos, May 10, 2016.
